Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered the blanks by using the information from the passage. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

The World Bank, the United Nations and the London School Of Hygiene and Tropica1 Medicine did a study to urge hand-washing around the world. They found that one million lives could be saved each year if people washed their hands with soap often. They said that programs to increase hand-washing with soap could be among the most effective ways to reduce infectious disease.

     Doctors say, many diseases can be prevented from spreading by hand-washing. These include pinworms (寄生虫), influenza (流行性感冒), the common cold, hepatitis (肝炎) A, meningitis (脑膜炎) and infectious diarrhea (腹泻).

    Hand-washing destroys germs from other people, animals or objects a person has touched. When people get bacteria on their hands, they can infect themselves by touching their eyes, nose or mouth. Then these people can infect other people.  

   The experts say the easiest way to catch a cold is to touch your nose or eyes after someone nearby has sneezed or coughed. Another way to become sick is to eat food prepared by someone whose hands were not clean.

   The experts say that hand-washing is especially important before and after preparing food, before eating and after using the toilet. People should wash their hands after handling animals or animal waste, and after cleaning a baby. The experts say it is also a good idea to wash your hands after handling money and after sneezing or coughing. And it is important to wash your hands often when someone in your home is sick. The experts say the most effective way to wash your hands is to rub them together while using soap and warm water．They say you do not have to use special antibacterial soap. Be sure to rub all areas of the hands for about ten to fifteen seconds. The rubbing action helps remove germs. Then rinse (冲洗) the hands with water and dry them.

Title：  　　1　　 

I.   　　2 　　

  Many diseases can be prevented by increasing hand-washing with soap.

II. When to do

  ·Before and after preparing food

  ·Before eating and after  　　 3　　 

  ·After handling animal or animal waste

  ·After cleaning a baby

  ·After handling money and after sneezing or coughing

  ·When  　　 4 　　  in your home

III.   　　5　　 

  · 　　 6 　　  of hands for about 10-15 seconds

  · 　　 7　　   to use special antibacterial soap

   Rubbing hands together while using  　　 8 　　  water

IV.  　　 9 　　

Hand-washing could be the most  　　 10 　　  to reduce infectious diseases

There’s a time to get angry, and it’s best for your child if you do. Let’s say your child hits a playmate with a toy hard enough to make the other child cry. How can you teach your child to feel sorry so he or she won’t do it again? Researchers say the best way for parents to react（反应）is to show their anger and to let the child know exactly why they are mad.
　　Many parents believe that it is best to control their feelings and to wait until they’re calm before scolding their children. But the mother or father who explains reasonably to a child , “Peter was crying because you hit him,” is not likely to attract much attention. Young children need to be scolded immediately, and strongly, before they’ll take criticism （批评）to heart.
　　When your young child does something wrong, scold him or her seriously at once. At the same time be sure to tell the child clearly what he or she has done wrong. An angry reaction without an immediate explanation does little good. Forbidding a child to play outside or not allowing him to watch TV as a punishment works well-but only when taken together with an explanation. Make sure your child understands that although his or her wrongdoing has made you angry, you still love him or her. Use simple, direct words such as, “You hurt peter. How would you feel if he hit you? You must never, never hurt people.” If your voice expresses strong feeling clearly, your message will carry enough weight.
【小题1】According to researchers, how should parents react when their child did something wrong?

第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-50各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Many years ago, I met with much difficulty with my life and work. I felt so  36 that I wanted to give up.
37  , a speech changed me. At the beginning of the speech, the well-known professor held up a $20 bill. In the room of 200 people, he asked, "Who would   38  this $20 bill?" 　　Hands started going up. He said, “I am going to give this $20 to one of you, but first, let me do this.” He crumpled(弄皱) the 20 dollar note up. He then asked, “Who still wants it?” Still the   39   were up in the air. “Well,” he replied, “what if I do this?” He   40   it onto the ground and started to grind(碾) it into the floor   41   his shoe. He   42   it up, now crumpled and dirty. “Now, who still wants it?” Still the hands went into the air. “My friends, you have all learned a very valuable  43  . No matter what I did to the money, you still wanted it because it stayed the same in   44  . It was still worth $20.”
　　“Many times in our lives, we are dropped, crumpled, and ground into the dirt by the decisions we   45   and the circumstances that come on our way. We   46   as if we are worthless; but no matter what happened or what will happen, you will   47  lose your value,” he went on,　　“Dirty or clean, crumpled or finely creased, you are still priceless to those   48   love you. The   49   of our lives comes, not in what we do or who we know, but by ...WHO WE ARE.” 　　“You are   50   — don’t ever forget it.”
36. A. optimistic     B. cheerful     C. pessimistic     D. worried
37. A. However     B. Therefore     C. Actually      D. Indeed
38. A. borrow         B. like         C. dream         D. have
39. A. hands        B. people      C. dollars        D. heads
40. A. brought       B. got         C. turned         D. dropped
41. A. through      B. with         C. under          D. in
42. A. broke        B. fed          C. picked         D. carried
43. A. advice       B. news         C. tip            D. lesson
44. A. value        B. note          C. quality        D. number
45. A. thought      B. impressed       C. took          D. made
46. A. find         B. feel           C. look         D. sound
47. A. never        B. ever          C. still          D. hardly
48. A. whom        B. which        C. who          D. whose
49. A. experience    B. pleasure       C. worth        D. difficulty
50. A. common      B. intelligent     C. reliable       D. special