(08·福建)

The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be.The  36  family in colonial（殖民时期的）North America was mainly concerned with survival and  37  that,its own economic prosperity.Thus,children were  38  in terms of their producitivity（生产能力），and they played the role of producer quite early.  39  they fulfilled this role,their position in the family was one of subordination(附属）.

With the  40  of the society,the position of children in the family and in the society became more important.In the complex and technological society  41  the United States has become,each  42  must fulfill a number of personal and occupational  43  and be in contact with many other members.  44  ,viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are  45  more as people in their own right than as those of subordination.This acceptance of children as  46  participants in the family is reflected in various laws  47  the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.

This new  48  of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also  49  an increasing interest in child-raising techniques.People today spend much time  50  the proper way to  51  children.

Nowadays,the socialization of the child in the United States is a  52 

transaction（事务）between parent and child  53  a one-way,parent-to-child training

  54  .As a consequence,socializing children and  55  with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure,satisfaction,and problems.

36.A.poor                    B.ordinary                   C.happy                      D.wealthy

37.A.except                 B.for                            C.beyond                        D.through

38.A.supported           B.received                  C.encouraged                 D.valued

39.A.Until                    B.After                        C.Although                  D.When

40.A.movement           B.achievement                C.development           D.requirement

41.A.that                         B.where                      C.when                       D.what

42.A.parent                 B.member                   C.family                    D.relative

43.A.purposes                B.promises                  C.roles                        D.tasks

44.A.Besides                  B.However                  C.Instead                        D.Therefore

45.A.admired                  B.regarded                 C.made                       D.respected

46.A.willing               B.equal                       C.similar                   D.common

47.A.enjoying                  B.preventing            C.considering                 D.protecting

48.A.view                    B.faith                         C.world                       D.study

49.A.led in                  B.brought in             C.resulted in            D.taken in

50.A.seeking            B.making                         C.fighting                    D.working

51.A.nurse                 B.praise                         C.understand                  D.raise

52.A.one-sided           B.many-sided                  C.round-way               D.two-way

53.A.more than           B.rather than                  C.better than                  D.less than

54.A.manner               B.method                        C.program                  D.guide

55.A.taking                 B.living                     C.playing                        D.discussing

  

 (08·福建C篇)

We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.

How to use your NatWest Servicecard

As a Switch card,it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services,wherever you see the Switch logo.The money comes straight out of your account,so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money(or an agreed overdraft(透支）)to cover it.It is also a cheque guarantee(担保）card for up to the amount shown on the card.And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.

How to use your NatWest Cashcard

You can use your Cashcard as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo.It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide.You can spend or withdraw（提取）what you have in your account,or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.

Using your cards abroad

You can also use your Servicecard and Cashcard when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.

We take a commission charge(手续费）of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make(up to ￡4)and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services.We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.

How to use your NatWest Credit Card

With your credit card you can do the following:

*Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days’interest-free credit.

*Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the Mastercard or Visalogos.

*Collect one AIR MILE for every ￡20 of spending that appears on your statement（结算单）.

(This does not include foreign currency or traveller’s cheques bought,interest and other charges.)

64.If you carry the Servicecard or the Cashcard,        .

A.you can use it to guarantee things as you wish

B.you can draw your money from cash machines conveniently

C.you can spend as much money as you like without a limit

D.you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK

65.If you withdraw ￡200 from a cash machine abroad,you will be charged        .

A.￡4                             B.￡4.5                     C.￡5.25                   D.￡5.3

66.Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?

A.You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.

B.You will be charged some interest beyond two months.

C.You can use the card in any shop across the world.

D.You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller’s cheques.

67.The purpose of the passage is to show you how to        .

A.play your cards right                      B.use your cards abroad

C.draw cash with your cards                  D.pay for goods with your cards

 (08·福建D篇)

The global energy crisis is approaching.What can we do?Here are some steps you can take.

Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid（电网）.Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage,a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort.Clean or replace filters monthly or as needed.

For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners,look for the ENERGY STAR,the federal government’s symbol for energy efficiency.For central air,purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio(SEER).

Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air.When used with air conditioning,fans allow you to raise the thermostat（恒温器） and cut costs.Ceiling fans cool people,not rooms,so before you leave,turn off the ceiling fan.

Let a programmable thermostat“remember for you”to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent.You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.

Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort,make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.

Cut your air conditioning load,and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.

Close blinds or shades on south- and west- facing windows during the day,fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.

Turn off everything not in use:lights,TVs,computers.And use fluorescent bulbs（荧光灯），which provide bright,warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy,producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs（白炽灯）.

Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle.If you drive 12,500 miles a year,switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.

Carpool.The average U.S.commuter（乘车上班族）could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg—assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.

68.According to the passage,the thermostat is used to        .

A.make rooms quieter                                   B.control room temperature

C.turn off the air conditioner                   D.reduce room air pollution

69.We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages        .

A.planting leafy trees around your home

B.turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your house

C.keeping your south-facing windows open during the day

D.using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs

70.According to the passage,you can save fuel by        .

A.using energy-efficient ceiling fans

B.sharing cars with others on workdays

C.turning off everything not in use

D.reducing 10% of your car trips every year

71.This passage is mainly about        .

A.energy-saving tips                                  B.fuel-saving tips

C.do it yourself tips                                D.environment-protecting tips

 (08·福建E篇)

A new study has found no evidence that sunscreen,commonly used to reduce the risk of skin cancer,actually increases the risk.

Researchers from the University of Iowa based their findings on a review of 18 earlier studies that looked at the association between sunscreen use and melanoma（黑素瘤）.They said that  they  found flaws in studies that had reported associ-

ations between sunscreen use and higher risk of melanoma.

Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun,sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer,which is increasing in incidence（发生率）faster than any other cancer in the United States.

But questions have been raised about sunscreen and whether it may have the opposite effect,perhaps by allowing people to remain exposed to the sun longer without burning.

The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account that those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles（雀斑），for example—are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result,it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.

The studies,which generally relied on volunteers to recall their sunscreen use, were also unable to prove how well the products had been applied,said the new study.

72.The underlined word“flaws”in the 2nd paragraph most probably means        .

A.evidences                    B.facts                         C.faults                     D.failures

73.People with fair skin and freckles        .

A.seldom use sunscreen                                   B.are more in danger of skin cancer

C.can be free from the harm of the sun          D.often expose themselves to the sun

74.We can learn from the passage that        .

A.sunscreen users get skin cancer more often

B.the volunteers have proved the effect of sunscreen

C.the new study was based on the experiences of volunteers

D.the number of skin cancer patients is increasing in America

75.Which of the following can be the best title for this passage?

A.Sunscreen to Prevent Skin Cancer                 B.Sunscreen to Increase Skin Cancer

C.Skin Cancer Caused by Sunscreen                 D.Skin Cancer Caused by Freckles

 (08·福建A篇)

After the Summer Olympics are over,when all the athletes and viewers have gone home and the television audience has switched off,another group of athletes and fans will arrive at the host city,and another competition will begin.These are the Paralympics,the games for athletes with a disability.But in Beijing in 2008,for the first time,one of the greatest paralympians will not be taking part.

She is a British athlete by the name of Tanni Grey-Thompson.Born with spina bifida（脊椎裂）which left her paralysed from the waist down,Tanni used a wheelchair from the age of 7.At first,she was not keen on sport,apart from horse riding,which gave her a sense of freedom.But in her teens,she started taking sports more seriously.She tried swimming,basketball and tennis.Eventually she found athletics, and never looked back.

Indeed,Tanni’s athletic career took off.In 1984,when she was 15,she pulled off a surprise victory in the 100 metres at the Junior National Wheelchair Games.

In 1988,Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul.She won bronze in the 400 metres.Even greater success followed at the 1992 Barcelona Paralympics.Tanni won gold in the 100,200,400 and 800 metres relay,setting two world records in the process.In the same year she achieved the first of her six London Wheelchair Marathon victories.

Tanni’s enduring success has been part motivation(动机），part preparation.“The training I do that enables me to be a good sprinter(短跑运动员）,enables me to be good at a marathon too.I train 50 weeks of the year and that keeps me prepared for whatever distance I went to race...I am still competing at a very high level,but as I get older things get harder and I want to retire before I fall apart.”

Indeed Tanni retired finally after the Visa Paralympic World Cup in 2007.Her wish is to coach young athletes for Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.

In spite of ups and downs,she never takes her fate lying down.In her splendid life,she has won an amazing eleven gold medals,four silvers and one bronze in a series of Paralympics—a top level athletic career covering two decades.She has won the London Wheelchair Marathon six times,more than any other competitor,and she has set over thirty world records.

What advice does she have for young athletes?“Work hard at your studies,and then train,train and train again.”

56.Which of the following sports did Tanni like before thirteen?

A.Basketball.            B.Swimming.                C.Tennis.               D.Horse riding.

57.When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?

A.In 1984.               B.In 1988.                    C.In 1992.                    D.In 2007.

58.The underlined word “that” in the 5th paragraph refers to        .

A.fifty weeks’ training                      

B.being a good sprinter

C.training almost every day                  

D.part motivation and part preparation

59.What’s the right order of the events related to Tanni?

a.She works as a coach.

b.She took up athletics.

c.She won four gold medals in Barcelona.

d.She competed in her first Paralympic Games.

e.She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.

A.b,d,c,e,a                     B.a,d,b,c,e                    C.a,d,c,e,b                    D.b,d,a,e,c

60.What can we learn from Tanni’s success?

A.Union is strength.                     B.Never too late to learn.

C.Well begun is half done.               D.No pains,no gains.