Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.
Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.
“Many ecosystems have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive (入侵的) species,” Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO's forestry department, said at the launch of the report.
The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.
“The remaining populations become surrounded in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding (近亲交配) problems ... and at the end these species may disappear,” he added.
Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.
The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of native species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.
Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.
The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to dealing with climate change such as mangroves(红树林), inland waters, forests, savannahs(非洲大草原) and grasslands.
The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was limited.
The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.
It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.
【小题1】What does the author tell us in Paragraph 2?

Several animal species including gorillas in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if the impact of climate change and extreme weather on their habitats is not addressed, a UN report showed on Sunday.

Launched on the sidelines of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and excessive land use have damaged the habitats of certain species, especially in Africa.

“Many ecosystems have already been stressed by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, unsustainable management practices and even invasive (入侵的) species,” Eduardo Rojas-Briales, assistant director general at the FAO's forestry department, said at the launch of the report.

The most affected areas include mountains, isolated islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to migrate elsewhere and create new habitats.

“The remaining populations become surrounded in very small ecosystems, they have inbreeding (近亲交配) problems ... and at the end these species may disappear,” he added.

Other examples of affected animals included elephants in Mali, lions in the Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi.

The report said an estimated 20-30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant proportion of native species may become extinct by 2050 as a consequence.

Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.

The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to dealing with climate change such as mangroves(红树林), inland waters, forests, savannahs(非洲大草原) and grasslands.

The FAO also called for the creation of migration corridors for animals in areas where their movement was limited.

The organization said while more resources were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed.

It also urged local communities to develop projects that mitigate the impact of climate change on wildlife, naming eco-tourism activities as an example.

1.What does the author tell us in Paragraph 2?

A．The theme of global climate negotiations in Durban.

B．The subject of research done by Eduardo Rojas.

C．Causes of damage done to ecosystems.

D．Harmful effects of damage done to ecosystems.

2.Why are animals living in mountains, islands and coastal areas most affected?

A．They are frequently attacked by invasive species and infectious diseases.

B．They have difficulty finding enough food for survival.

C．They can hardly find mates to produce their young.

D．They have little chance of moving to other places.

3.To avoid extinction of some animal species, the UNFAO suggested all the following ways EXCEPT ______.

A．restoring damaged ecosystems

B．limiting world population growth

C．creating movement channels for animals

D．urging governments and local communities to take action

4.What does the underlined word “mitigate” in the last paragraph mean?

A．increase or further improve something.

B．Make full use of something.

C．Make something become less serious.

D．Move from one place to another.

5.What would serve as the best title for the passage?

A．Animals at risk due to climate change.

B．Global warming and its consequences.

C．Climate change and ecotourism.

D．Solutions to animal distinction.

Part Three: Reading Comprehension (30 points)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For eahc of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best acoording to the information given in the passage.
（A）
More Americans are turning to charm school to gain an advantage over competitors in a job market stricken by the longest economic slowdown since the Great Depression.
Etiquette (礼节) trainers report business growing from clients who believe that good manners could be the key selling point that helps them get hired or keeps them off the unemployment line.
“People are prepared to do whatever it takes to keep their job”, said Gloria Starr, an adviser on image, etiquette and communications in North Carolina. Starr, who says business is up 40 percent in the past year at her school, said people were “realizing that it takes more than just ability and knowledge” to keep or win a job.
Peggy Newfield, who has been teaching etiquette for 30 years and runs a charm school, said business was “booming.” “When the economy is down etiquette training will always be up. They’re focusing on ‘What I can do to survive, I really have to keep up my game because the competition is keen.’”
Proper business manners, however, extend far beyond greeting or thanking a would-be employer. Etiquette classes deal with the basics of presentation in an interview, including what to say and how to dress.
“It’s so much more than writing the thank-you note at the end,” Newfield said. “It’s about walking in for the job interview, every hair is in place, your clothes are perfectly pressed, your shoes are polished, you’re groomed to the nines, you speak the part, and your English is correct.”
It’s great that we have seen this renewal in etiquette and manners and self respect.
Studies have shown that 85 percent of the reason a person gets a job, keeps a job and moves up is related to their personal skills. There are very few jobs out there where your manners, where your socials skills, are not a big piece of being successful. If you have manners you can walk into any business or social situation.
Teaching etiquette has become a tougher task. Some people point to bad public behavior by athletes and celebrities (名人) as a factor in ruining good manners in U.S. society. Hotel owner Paris Hilton, actress Lindsay Lohan and singer Britney Spears are among those who have been charged with setting a poor example, especially for children and adolescents. Hilton is infamous （声名狼藉的）for a sex tape that became an Internet hit, Lohan has long been gossip stuff due to her quarrels with the law and Spears was photographed partying without underwear.
56. The writer wants to tell the readers___________.
A. the etiquette training in America          B. the ways to avoid failure
C. good manners count in keeping a job        D. how to keep business up
57. From the passage we learn that the charm school____________.
A. helps those who are unemployed       B. deals with moral problems     
C. becomes more popular with people     D. does good to the economy
58. The underlined sentence “you’re groomed to the nines” probably means “you’re_________.”
A. dressed in the best way              B. fully understood
C. greeted with good manners          D. very concerned  
59. We can infer from the last paragraph that__________.
A. Good examples contribute to etiquette teaching
B. good public behavior doesn’t exist any more
C. teaching etiquette has become a tougher task
D. some famous people don’t have good manners
60．Which of the following can you NOT learn in Peggy Newfield’s charm school?
A.  How to dress in a job interview.
B.  How to hack into the company centeral database.
C.  How to maintain an edge over other competitors in the job market..
D.  How to improve your communicative skills with your collegues.

Part Three: Reading Comprehension (30 points)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For eahc of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best acoording to the information given in the passage.

（A）

More Americans are turning to charm school to gain an advantage over competitors in a job market stricken by the longest economic slowdown since the Great Depression.

Etiquette (礼节) trainers report business growing from clients who believe that good manners could be the key selling point that helps them get hired or keeps them off the unemployment line.

“People are prepared to do whatever it takes to keep their job”, said Gloria Starr, an adviser on image, etiquette and communications in North Carolina. Starr, who says business is up 40 percent in the past year at her school, said people were “realizing that it takes more than just ability and knowledge” to keep or win a job.

Peggy Newfield, who has been teaching etiquette for 30 years and runs a charm school, said business was “booming.” “When the economy is down etiquette training will always be up. They’re focusing on ‘What I can do to survive, I really have to keep up my game because the competition is keen.’”

Proper business manners, however, extend far beyond greeting or thanking a would-be employer. Etiquette classes deal with the basics of presentation in an interview, including what to say and how to dress.

“It’s so much more than writing the thank-you note at the end,” Newfield said. “It’s about walking in for the job interview, every hair is in place, your clothes are perfectly pressed, your shoes are polished, you’re groomed to the nines, you speak the part, and your English is correct.”

It’s great that we have seen this renewal in etiquette and manners and self respect.

Studies have shown that 85 percent of the reason a person gets a job, keeps a job and moves up is related to their personal skills. There are very few jobs out there where your manners, where your socials skills, are not a big piece of being successful. If you have manners you can walk into any business or social situation.

Teaching etiquette has become a tougher task. Some people point to bad public behavior by athletes and celebrities (名人) as a factor in ruining good manners in U.S. society. Hotel owner Paris Hilton, actress Lindsay Lohan and singer Britney Spears are among those who have been charged with setting a poor example, especially for children and adolescents. Hilton is infamous （声名狼藉的）for a sex tape that became an Internet hit, Lohan has long been gossip stuff due to her quarrels with the law and Spears was photographed partying without underwear.

56. The writer wants to tell the readers___________.

   A. the etiquette training in America           B. the ways to avoid failure

   C. good manners count in keeping a job        D. how to keep business up

57. From the passage we learn that the charm school____________.

   A. helps those who are unemployed       B. deals with moral problems     

   C. becomes more popular with people     D. does good to the economy

58. The underlined sentence “you’re groomed to the nines” probably means “you’re_________.”

   A. dressed in the best way              B. fully understood

   C. greeted with good manners           D. very concerned  

59. We can infer from the last paragraph that__________.

   A. Good examples contribute to etiquette teaching

   B. good public behavior doesn’t exist any more

   C. teaching etiquette has become a tougher task

   D. some famous people don’t have good manners

 60．Which of the following can you NOT learn in Peggy Newfield’s charm school?

      A.  How to dress in a job interview.

      B.  How to hack into the company centeral database.

      C.  How to maintain an edge over other competitors in the job market..

      D.  How to improve your communicative skills with your collegues.