(05·上海D篇)

Equipped only with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinch(红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.

Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird, are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches (雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.

“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest,” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book—A Bird in the Bush: a Social History of Birdwatching—which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.

Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend. Last summer, BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success. It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.

Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera—a golden-winged songbird from North America—to be seen in Britain. He put a message out on the network service Birdline, and next day  3,000 birdwatchers proved the full pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to www.birdline.co.uk or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.

“Multimillion-pound spending on binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine, “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”

76. The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “_______”.

   A. affected        B. shared       C. satisfied        D. narrowed

77. What happened after the message of seeing a Vermivora chrysoptera was put on the network?

   A. Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent.

   B. Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird.

   C. Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details.

   D. Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird.

78. Which of the following CANNOT be true according to the passage?

   A. Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching.

   B. The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching.

   C. Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers.

   D. The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment.

79. The passage mainly tells us about ________ in UK.

   A. the history of birdwatching            B. a growing passion for birdwatching

   C. the impact of media on birdwatching    D. birdwatching as a popular expensive sport

 (05·上海A篇)

You either have it, or you don’t—a sense of direction, that is. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose themselves in the next street?

Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use is, we lose it.

“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Director of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”

Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:

●If you are using a map, turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.

●If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route.

●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.

Now you need never get lost again!

65. Scientists believe that_______.

A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.

B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older

C. people never lose their sense of direction

D. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth

66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?

   A. They never have a sense of direction without maps

   B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction

   C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around

   D. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.

67. If you leave your bike in a strange place, you should ________.

   A. tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolen

   B. draw a map of the route to help remember where it is

   C. avoid taking the same route when you come back to it

   D. remember something easily recognizable on the route

68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.

   A. ask policemen for directions.

   B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourself

   C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs

   D. count the number of landmarks that you see

 (05·上海C篇)

Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.5 billion people lack basic sanitation.(卫生设备)

The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.

Consider these facts:

●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.

●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water., and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.

●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.

Here are three ways you can help:

1)      Write Congress

Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.

2)      Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization

Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.

3)      Support nonprofit water organizations

Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows: some organizations are large, other small-scale, some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.

72. The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that________.

   A. poverty can result in water-borne diseases

   B. people have no access to clean drinking water

   C. women’s rights are denied in some developing countries

   D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern

73. The intended readers of the passage are________.

A. Americans                       B. overseas sponsors

C. Congressmen                     D. U.S.-based water organizations

74. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to _________.

   A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries

   B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups

   C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem

   D. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations

75. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?

   A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.

   B. A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.

   C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.

   D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.

　　　 into use in April. 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns (05’ 上海)

　　 A. Put　 B. Putting　 C. Having put　 D. Being put

 

 (05·上海B篇)

“Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please,” said Bill Williams, the manager. “this was Kim's first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory.

“Kim,” began Bill Williams, “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions.”

“But,” replied Kim, “I have always completed every assignment you have given me. Mr. Williams.”

“I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. I need more input from you—more feedback on how things are going. I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything is fine.”

“But,” said Kim, “I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”

“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me.”

“Yes. I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say…Bill.”

“Good, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.”

“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will…Bill.”

69. Kim is the sort of employee who_______.

   A. does not speak out his own ideas            B. is not devoted to the job

   C. laughs too much over work                D. can not finish his work on time

70. The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “_____”.

   A. full of respect                           B. too confident and rude

   C. lacking in experience                      D. too shy and quiet