阅读下文，完成文后各题。

“进化”不了的爱

孙君飞

进化论包含着残酷的丛林法则，也隐含着生命的自私自利性。一个生命个体要想很好地生存下去，必须要将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”，否则优胜劣汰的只能是自己。不过，人们在观察工蜂时，惊讶地发现，它们并未受到进化论的影响，它们混沌若当初，或者说它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，这使它们成为生命进化中的另类。

工蜂属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，因此它们自身没有繁殖能力。这种缺陷可怕而又不幸，然而工蜂对此无动于衷，甘愿终身携带着缺陷而生，从未奢望将自身进化得更完美更强悍。值得称道的是，工蜂的适应性反而很强大，它们拥有相当厉害的武器——毒刺，刺上长有倒钩，一旦“亮剑”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的双刃剑，在伤及侵害者的同时，自己的生命也面临着终结。

蜜蜂家族中令人难以置信的社会结构更加震惊着世人的心灵，在这里一切都那么井然有序，合乎“法则”，一切又那么一往情深，合乎“生命之爱”。蜜蜂的利他主义行为也许会让达尔文难以理解，失去繁殖能力却能够将各种特征和习性一代代传承下去的工蜂可能更让达尔文目瞪口呆吧。答案其实很简单，一切都源于蜜蜂与众不同的遗传结构。换言之，存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，只有它们才会驱使工蜂去鞠躬尽瘁地照顾其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命，甚至为对方牺牲自己，却无怨无悔。

蜂后产下的受精卵天生高贵，常常会孵化出雌性幼蜂，而延续高贵的办法只有一个：它们只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王浆之后，才能发育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后，否则它们在长大后依然属于工蜂——从出生时开始，便将生命献给蜂群、终日辛劳的工蜂！

由于小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，从身形外貌上看，彼此也几乎一模一样，这也许使工蜂顿感一阵甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然：站在我面前的，莫不是又一个“我”？我由此获得了新生，得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂养小蜂后的过程中，彼此的血缘关系升至最亲密最牢固。它们原本不是毫不相关的两个，而是见证生命延续、利他友爱的两个。因为相同的基因存活在它们的生命之中，工蜂在潜意识里将蜂后看得比自己的生命更为重要，为了对方、也为了另一个“我”和“我们”，它们可以在必要时完全放弃自己现实的生命及其未来。

（选自在《思维与智慧》有删节）

下列关于“工蜂”的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是

  A．作为生命个体，工蜂的生命隐含着自私自利性，要想不被淘汰，它必须将自己变得更优秀，学会“排他”。   

  B．工蜂之所以成为生命进化中的另类，是因为它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神，并未受到进化论的影响。   

  C．工蜂的适应性很强，尾部长有倒钩的毒刺是相当厉害的武器，在伤及侵害者的同时，工蜂的生命也意味着终结。   

  D．从出生开始，就为蜂群而终日辛劳的工蜂，能把各种特征和习性一代代传承下去，靠的是与众不同的遗传结构。

下列有关“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述，符合原文意思的一项是

  A．蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂，产下的受精卵天生高贵，孵化出雌性幼蜂，幼蜂长大以后就成为新一代蜂后。

  B．工蜂自身没有繁殖能力，属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂，即便能够产卵，也只是没有受精的卵，不能孵化幼蜂。

  C．存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强，它驱使工蜂分泌蜂王浆，鞠躬尽瘁地照顾和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。

  D．蜂后负责产卵，工蜂负责喂养幼蜂，因而小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同，身形外貌上也几乎一模一样。

下列根据原文信息所作的推断，不正确的一项是

  A．采粉、酿蜜、饲喂幼虫的工蜂是蜂群的主体，儿歌唱的“小蜜蜂，整天忙，采花蜜，酿蜜糖”，指的就是工蜂。

  B．蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序，合乎“法则”，合乎“生命之爱”，人类如果借鉴了这种社会结构．可能会更有利于社会和谐。

  C．为了蜂后和后代，工蜂不惜牺牲自己，是因为它们有奉献精神，潜意识里将蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。

  D．工蜂一生从事的是利他的事业，而不是优化自己的结构来繁衍后代，从这一点来看，    达尔文的进化论“适者生存”不科学。

第二节 阅读下列材料, 从所给的六个选项(A、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｅ、和F) 中，选出符合各小题要求的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

生肖在某种意义上可反映出人们的个性差异。阅读第61-65题中五个不同生肖的人物信息介绍和A至F关于六种不同生肖性格的介绍，并选出与每个人相应的生肖。

61. Johnny is a construction worker. He wor very hard to earn money and eventually earns more than the other workers. However, he is not welcomed by his companions because he always thin of himself first.

62. Tiffany is a middle school teacher who is very beautiful and clever. She can also be very romantic. She tries hard to plan her classes and make them lively and interesting. The students like her classes a lot.

63. Mr. White runs a trade company. However, his company is not doing very well because he is very sensitive

and stubborn. He has never listened to others’ opinions and just stic to his own ideas even if he is wrong.

64. Peter is a middle school student. He is very popular with his classmates and has a lot of good friends because of his honesty. He never lies and is always ready to help others. His dream is to become a secret agent in the FBI.

65. Linda is a university student. She is very confident in herself. She is the chairman of the Student Union at school and has successfully organized many activities. She is determined to become a doctor after graduation.

A                                            B

 

C                                            D

 

E                                            F

 

语篇理解

　　Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes．To some extent（从某种程度上说） our intelligence（智力） is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius（天才） out of a child born with low intelligence．On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring（乏味的） environment（环境） will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings．Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether of not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment．This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways．

　　It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with．The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence．Thus if we take two unrelated people at random（随意地） from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different．If on the other hand we take two identical twins（双胞胎） they will very likely be as intelligent as each other．Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar（相同的） intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth．

　　Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments．We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring．We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates（表明） that environment as well as birth plays a part．This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other（联系）, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence．

1．The writer is in favor of the view that man's intelligence is given to him ______．

[　　]

A．at birth

B．through education

C．both at birth and through education

D．neither at birth nor through education

2．If a child is born with low intelligence, he can ______．

[　　]

A．never become a genius

B．still become a genius if he should be given special education

C．exceed（超过） his intelligence limits in rich surroundings

D．not reach his intelligence in his life

3．In the second paragraph “if we take two unrelated people at random from the population…” means if we ______．

[　　]

A．pick up any two persons

B．choose two persons who are relatives

C．take out two different persons

D．choose two persons with different intelligence

4．The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately is to show ______．

[　　]

A．the importance of their intelligence

B．the role of environment on intelligence

C．the importance of their positions

D．the part that birth plays

5．The best title of this passage can be ______．

[　　]

A．Surroundings

B．Intelligence

C．Dependence on Environment

D．Effect of Education

In Singapore, most of us love window-shopping while some others enjoy having a picnic at East Coast Park or Changi Beach on sunny days. Singaporeans are never bothered by the occasional thunderstorm. However, we know that if it rains for long continuous periods, there will be more serious effects. Just recently the main shopping street of Orchard Road was flooded and some part of Bukit Timah was impassable to traffic. People reacted by writing in to the newspaper to complain about this! We forget that other countries suffer much worse effects. Elsewhere, heavy tropical（热带的）storms often result in floods that ruin crops especially in Thailand and Malaysia. This in turn usually means that the price of rice and vegetables here in Singapore will rise because we import these products from them. If there is a typhoon or tsunami, thousands of lives are lost too. This happened in Indonesia and Phuket in Thailand in 2004 and it serves to remind us of how Mother Nature can cause great damage.

Weather patterns in general have changed dramatically in recent years. Scientists believe that global warming and the resulting melting of the polar ice-cap has caused the level of the ocean to rise. This in turn causes flooding of low-lying areas in countries where the land is rather flat and some parts of which is below water level. It is believed that human activities have caused Mother Nature to show her extreme anger, so it is now important that we really work together to cut down on harmful activities, for example, illegal logging（伐木）or irresponsible forest-burning to clear land for farming.

56.From Paragraph 1, we can see that most Singaporeans love________.

A. making complaints           B. going out for picnics

C. doing window-shopping    D. traveling along the coast

【答案】C

【解析】根据第一段第一句可知。

57.What will happen in Singapore if there are floods in its neighboring countries?

A. Heavy tropical storms will follow shortly.

B. The price of rice and vegetables will go up.

C. Many people will write in to the newspaper.

D. More rice and vegetables will be imported.

【答案】B

【解析】根据第一段倒数三，四句可知。热带风暴导致的洪水会毁掉庄稼，新加坡的蔬菜和大米是从这些国家进口的，所以会导致蔬菜，大米的价格上升。

58.The underlined word“it” in Paragraph 2 refers to___________.

A. the arrival of heavy tropical storms

B. the import of rice and vegetables

C. the rising price of rice and vegetables

D. the loss of lives in natural disasters

【答案】D

【解析】上句提到台风和海啸会导致成千上万的人死亡。这在2004年在印度尼西亚和泰国的普吉岛发生过。自然灾害到这人死亡这件事用来提醒我们大自然可以带来巨大损害。

59.Which of the following shows how the low-lying areas are flooded?

a. global warming

b. the rise in ocean level

c. harmful human activities

d. the flooding of low-lying areas

e. the melting of the polar ice-cap

A. c→a→e→b→d         B. a→c→e→b→d        

C. c→a→b→e→d         D. d→a→c→b→e

【答案】A

【解析】根据最后一段可知。

60.What should we do in order not to make Mother Nature angry?

A. Clear more land for farming.           B. Reduce harmful human activities.

C. Bring down the price of food.          D. Improve the quality of weather.

【答案】B

【解析】根据最后一段It is believed that human activities have caused Mother Nature to show her extreme anger, so it is now important that we really work together to cut down on harmful activities,“人们认为是人类的活动导致了大自然极端愤怒， 因此，现在我们真的应该团结合作减少有害活动。”