第二节：读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）

阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150字左右的英语短文。

Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we come to realize that those challenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are, it is the same with the challenges that come with friendship.

When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two choices: we can try to beat if off, or we can decide that the thing presenting the challenges isn’t worth the trouble and call it quits. Although there are certainly times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most cases all that is needed is commitment and communication.

When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how painful or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to face it and work through instead of running away from it. Communication is making a space for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong. If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.” rather than “You hurt my feelings.” You are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.

In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are: small hurdles you need to jump or get through on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only serves to make us stronger. It’s all part of growing up. It happens to everyone, and some day you will look back on all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that’s a good thing.”

［写作内容］

以约30个词概括短文的要点；

然后以约120个词就“在生活或学习中如何面对挑战”这个主题发表看法，并包括如下要点：

①   在生活或学习上，你曾经遇到过什么比较大的挑战？

②   你是如何面对这个挑战的？你成功了吗？

③   对你面对挑战的经历，你有何感悟？

［写作要求］

1）可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的观点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，

但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2）题目自拟。

［评分标准］      概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.

The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”

The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.

It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.

The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.

While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable.

The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.”

1.When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it        .

A. faces danger                      B. has breeding rights

C. eats its competitor                                 D. leaves the group itself

2.The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to        .

A. the fish beaten up                B. the fish found out

C. the fish fattened up              D. the fish driven away

3.The experiment showed that the smaller fish        .

A. fought over a feast                                 B. went on diet willingly

C. preferred some extra food         D. challenged the boss fish

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. Fish dieting and human dieting.

B. Dieting and health.

C. Human dieting.

D. Fish dieting.

People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.

The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female, had breeding （繁殖） rights within the group,” explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are nonbreeding females, each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”

The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the evicted fish is then eaten up.

It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily, by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise, the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered, clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.

The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves, so keeping their competitors small.

While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr. Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical （等级的） societies remain stable.

The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature,” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that, while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females’ own ideal.”

1.When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor, it        .

2.The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragraph 3 refer to        .

3.The experiment showed that the smaller fish        .

4.What is the text mainly about?

在生活中，你或者你的朋友都有可能遭遇过这样的尴尬：年长的人不能理解或误解你们这一辈比较流行的文化现象，比如说：“快闪（flash mob）”。请你就此“generation gap”的现象由此展开想像或结合你的实际经历以第一人称写一篇英语短文。内容应包括：1. 你的这次被误解的具体经历；2、你当时的心情； 3、你如何向长辈解释清楚你的“古怪”行为。

注意：1、词数不少于120；

      2、不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

      3、“快闪”只是提供一个例子，你可以自由地选取任何“流行文化现象”进行描述

B sentences

1最近,几次有人在中国东北吉林省长白山的天池看见怪物,这使得怪物再次成为新闻.

2 他生称看见一个黑黑的,圆圆的动物在水中快速游动.

3 他们还认为,在世界其他地方的湖泊里也许有类似的生物.

4 他们说,水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物.

5 虽然没人很清楚的看到过怪物，但有关的信息从上世纪末就有了。

6 因为天气不错湖面很平静，李晓和说她和家人可以很清楚的观看怪物。

7 龙可以是和善的或凶猛的，他们能带来好运或引起死亡和破坏。

8 在中国文化中，龙是慷慨智慧的，虽然有点神不可测。

9 有一个比较盛行的说法：如果你在龙年出生，你就会聪明勇敢而且具有与生俱来的领袖资质。

10 为什么在世界不同的地方龙有不同的特征？一些专家认为这是由于神话的起源不同。