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    65．What would be the best title for the text? A．The First Facial Transplantation B．Debate on the Ethics of Face Transplants C．Face Transplants―No Longer Science Fantasy D．Let’s Face It Everybody is happy as his pay rises. Yet pleasure at your own can disappear if you learn that a fellow worker has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he is known as being lazy, you might even be quite cross. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human , with the underlying belief that other animals would not be able to have this finely developed sense of sadness. But a study by Sarah Brosnan of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviors of some kind of female brown monkeys. They look smart. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food happily. Above all, like female human beings, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services than males.Such characteristics make them perfect subjects for Doctor Brosnan’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens-some rocks, for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for pieces of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate and connected rooms, so that each other could observe what the other is getting in return for its rock, they became quite different.In the world of monkeys, grapes are excellent goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was not willing to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either shook her own token at the researcher, or refused to accept the cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other room (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to bring about dissatisfaction in a female monkey.The researches suggest that these monkeys, like humans, are guided by social senses. In the wild, they are co-operative and group-living. Such co-operation is likely to be firm only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of anger when unfairly treated, it seems, are not the nature of human beings alone. Refusing a smaller reward completely makes these feelings clear to other animals of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness developed independently in monkeys and humans, or whether it comes from the common roots that they had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 【查看更多】

     

    题目列表(包括答案和解析)

           Full face transplants are no longer science fiction fantasy, a leading surgeon has said, adding that they are technically feasible（可行的）but ethically complex.

           Peter Butler from London’s Royal Free Hospital called for a debate on the ethics of such an operation made possible by new drugs which stop the body’s immune（免疫的）system rejecting a transplanted face. “It is not ‘Can we do it?’ but ‘Should we do it?’” he told the BBC．“The technical part is not complex, but I don’t think that’s going to be the very great difficulty. The ethical and moral debate is obviously going to have to take place before the first facial transplantation.”

          The British Association of Plastic Surgeons will discuss the microsurgical procedure (微型外科技术), which could give new skin, bone, noses, chin, lips and ears from deceased donors to patients disfigured（毁容）by accidents, burns or cancer. But surgeons could have trouble finding enough willing donors. Butler said his survey of doctors, nurses and members of the public showed most would accept a face transplant but few were willing to donate their own after dying.

           Despite a number of ethical concerns, Christine Piff, who founded the charity Let’s Face It after suffering a rare facial cancer 25 years ago, welcomed the possibility of face transplants. She rejected the idea that the procedure would mean people would end up living with a dead person’s face. “There are so many people without faces, I have half a face… but we are all so much more than just a face… you don’t take on their personality. You are still you,” she told reporters. “If we can donate other organs of the body, then why not the face? I can’t see anything wrong with it.”

     

    61．The underlined word “deceased” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “        ”.

           A．living              B．dead              C．disabled         D．dying

    62．When Christine Piff says “There are so many people without faces…”, she refers to the people who _________.

           A．are dishonorable and shameless

           B．disagree with the full face transplant

           C．are seriously injured by an accident

           D．are disfigured by accidents, burns and cancer

    63．According to the passage, what makes it possible to carry out a facial transplantation?

           A．Drugs are available to stop the body’s immune system rejecting a transplanted face.

           B．It’s morally practical, though technically complex.

           C．Most people accept the idea of face transplants.

           D．There are some people who are willing to donate their faces after dying.

    64．What is implied but not stated in the passage?

           A．Christine Piff has been the first lucky patient to receive a face transplant.

           B．Surgeons have difficulty finding enough willing donors.

           C．The main difficulty with the operation lies in the matter of ethics and morality.

           D．Nobody other than Christine Piff is quite in favor of the donation of organs.

    65．What would be the best title for the text?

           A．The First Facial Transplantation

           B．Debate on the Ethics of Face Transplants

           C．Face Transplants―No Longer Science Fantasy

           D．Let’s Face It

    查看答案和解析>>

    　　Full face transplants are no longer science fiction fantasy(幻想)，a leading surgeon has said, adding that they are technically feasible(可行的)but ethically(道德的)complex．

    　　Peter Butler from London’s Royal Free Hospital called for a debate on the ethics of such an operation made possible by new drugs which stop the body’s immune system(免疫系统)rejecting a transplanted face．“It is not ‘can we do it?’ but ‘should we do it?’” he told the BBC．“The technical part is not complex, but I don’t think that’s going to be the very great difficulty…．The ethical and moral debate is obviously going to have to take place before the first facial transplantation．”

    　　The British Association of Plastic Surgeons(整形外科医生)will discuss the microsurgical procedure(微型外科技术)，which could give new skin, bone, nose, chin, lips and ears from deceased donors(捐赠人)to patients disfigured损伤外貌by accidents, burns or cancer．But surgeons could have trouble finding enough willing donors．Butlers said his survey of doctors, nurses and members of the public showed most would accept a face transplant but few were willing to donate their own after dying．

    　　Despite a number of ethical concerns, Christine Piff, who founded the charity．Let’s face it after suffering a rare facial cancer 25 years ago, welcomed the possibility of face transplants．She rejected the idea that the procedure would mean people would end up living with a dead person’s face．“There are so many people without faces, I have half a face…, but we are all so much more than just a face…, you don’t take on their personality．You are still you,” she told reporters．“If we can donate other organs of the body then why not the face．I can’t see anything wrong with it．”

    (1)

    The underlined word “deceased” in the third paragraph probably means ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    willing

    B．

    dead

    C．

    diseased

    D．

    dying

    (2)

    When Christine Piff says “There are so many people without faces…”, she refers to the people ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    who are dishonorable and shameless

    B．

    who have got their faces transplanted

    C．

    who are seriously injured by accident

    D．

    who are disfigured by accidents, burns and cancer

    (3)

    According to the passage, what makes it likely to carry out a facial transplantation?

    [　　]

    A．

    Drugs are available to stop the body’s immune system rejecting a transplanted face．

    B．

    It’s morally practical, though technically complex．

    C．

    Most people accept the idea of face transplants．

    D．

    The British Association of Plastic Surgeons has performed the operation．

    (4)

    What would be the best title for the text?

    [　　]

    A．

    First Facial Transplantation

    B．

    Debate on the Ethics of Face Transplant

    C．

    Let’s Face It

    D．

    Face Transplant No Longer Science Fiction

    查看答案和解析>>

    Full face transplants are no longer science fiction fantasy, a leading surgeon has said, adding that they are technically feasible（可行的）but ethically complex.

           Peter Butler from London’s Royal Free Hospital called for a debate on the ethics of such an operation made possible by new drugs which stop the body’s immune（免疫的）system rejecting a transplanted face. “It is not ‘Can we do it?’ but ‘Should we do it?’” he told the BBC．“The technical part is not complex, but I don’t think that’s going to be the very great difficulty. The ethical and moral debate is obviously going to have to take place before the first facial transplantation.”

          The British Association of Plastic Surgeons will discuss the microsurgical procedure (微型外科技术), which could give new skin, bone, noses, chin, lips and ears from deceased donors to patients disfigured（毁容）by accidents, burns or cancer. But surgeons could have trouble finding enough willing donors. Butler said his survey of doctors, nurses and members of the public showed most would accept a face transplant but few were willing to donate their own after dying.

           Despite a number of ethical concerns, Christine Piff, who founded the charity Let’s Face It after suffering a rare facial cancer 25 years ago, welcomed the possibility of face transplants. She rejected the idea that the procedure would mean people would end up living with a dead person’s face. “There are so many people without faces, I have half a face… but we are all so much more than just a face… you don’t take on their personality. You are still you,” she told reporters. “If we can donate other organs of the body, then why not the face? I can’t see anything wrong with it.”

    1．The underlined word “deceased” in the third paragraph can be replaced by “        ”.

           A．living              B．dead              C．disabled         D．dying

    2．When Christine Piff says “There are so many people without faces…”, she refers to the people

           who _________.

           A．are dishonorable and shameless

           B．disagree with the full face transplant

           C．are seriously injured by an accident

           D．are disfigured by accidents, burns and cancer

    100080
     
    3．According to the passage, what makes it possible to carry out a facial transplantation?

           A．Drugs are available to stop the body’s immune system rejecting a transplanted face.

           B．It’s morally practical, though technically complex.

           C．Most people accept the idea of face transplants.

           D．There are some people who are willing to donate their faces after dying.

    4．What is implied but not stated in the passage?

           A．Christine Piff has been the first lucky patient to receive a face transplant.

           B．Surgeons have difficulty finding enough willing donors.

           C．The main difficulty with the operation lies in the matter of ethics and morality.

           D．Nobody other than Christine Piff is quite in favor of the donation of organs.

    5．What would be the best title for the text?

           A．The First Facial Transplantation

           B．Debate on the Ethics of Face Transplants

           C．Face Transplants—No Longer Science Fantasy

           D．Let’s Face It

    查看答案和解析>>


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