When next year’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall, they will be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost (教务长) of Yale, who will become Oxford’s vice-chancellor –– a position equal to university president in America.
Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel (人员) tend to head in only one direction: Outward from America.
The chief reason is that American schools don’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board finally picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a particularly American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.
Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators (管理人员), and has made hiring committees hungry for Americans.
In the past few years, well-known schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2011, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen (监督) “ a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position”.
Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective (视角) on established practices

1. 1.

   What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the text?

   1. A.
      Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S
   2. B.
      More international students are being admitted to American universities
   3. C.
      University presidents are paying more attention to fund-raising
   4. D.
      A lot of activists are being hired as administrators
2. 2.

   What do we learn about European universities from the text?

   1. A.
      The tuition they charge has been rising considerably
   2. B.
      They are strengthening their position by globalization
   3. C.
      Their operation is under strict government control
   4. D.
      Most of their money comes from the government
3. 3.

   In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?

   1. A.
      They can improve the university’s image
   2. B.
      They will bring with them more international personnel
   3. C.
      They will view a lot of things from a new angle
   4. D.
      They can set up new academic subjects
4. 4.

   Which of the following would make the best title of the text?

   1. A.
      High Education Globalization
   2. B.
      Global Headhunting in Higher Education
   3. C.
      Global Higher Education Cooperation
   4. D.
      Universal Higher Education Development

My Fellow Americans,
I have recently been told that I am one of the millions of Americans who will be suffered from Alzheimer’s Disease (老年痴呆症).
Upon learning this news, Nancy & I had to decide whether as private citizens we would  36  this a private matter or we would make this news known in a  37  way.
In the past Nancy suffered from breast cancer  38  I had my cancer surgeries (外科手术). We found that after we told it to the public, we were able to  39  public awareness(意识). We were happy that  40   many more people went to have a test. They were treated in early stages and able to  41  to normal, healthy lives.
So now, we feel it is  42   to share it with you. In opening our hearts, we hope this might promote greater  43  of this condition. Perhaps it will encourage a clearer understanding of the individuals and families who are  44   by it.
At the moment I feel just fine. I’d  45   to live the remainder of the years God gives me on this earth doing the things I have  46  done. I will continue to share  47    journey with my beloved Nancy and my family. I plan to enjoy the great outdoors and stay in touch  48   my friends and supporters.
Unfortunately, as Alzheimer’s Disease  49 , the family often suffers a lot. I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this   50  experience. When the time comes I am confident that with your help she will   51  it with faith and courage.
At last, let me thank you, the American people for giving me the great honor of  52   me to serve as your President. When the Lord calls me home,  53  that may be, I will leave with the greatest love for this country of ours and endless optimism (乐观) for its future.
I now begin this  54  that will lead me into the sunset of my life. I know that for America there will always be a bright   55  ahead.
Thank you my friends. May God always bless you.
Sincerely,
Ronald Reagan

Women, as all research suggests, are far more critical of their appearance than men. Most of them are likely to feel dissatisfied with their reflection in the mirror.
It is quite possible that men looking in the mirror are either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women---if anything, they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness. Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.
Why are women so much more self-critical than men? Because women are judged more on their appearance than men, and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible. Women are continually bombarded (轰炸) with images of the “ideal” face. And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV, magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.  It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.
Also, most women trying to achieve the impossible standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century. In 1917, the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone. Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average women, now they weigh 23% less. The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population---and that’s just in terms of weight and size. If you want the ideal shape, face etc., it’s probably more like 1%

1. 1.

   The passage is mainly to ______.

   1. A.
      compare different views on beauty between women and men
   2. B.
      tell us that standards of female beauty are very high
   3. C.
      explain why women are more critical of their appearance than men
   4. D.
      show us that women pay more attention to their appearance than men
2. 2.

   Which of the following is NOT the reason why women are more critical of their appearance?

   1. A.
      People pay more attention to their appearance than men’s
   2. B.
      The criterion (标准；准则) used to judge women’s beauty is more critical and less changeable
   3. C.
      Idealized images of female beauty are constantly shown in different media
   4. D.
      Women tend to pursue perfection by nature
3. 3.

   Which statement is true about men?

   1. A.
      Few men will feel pleased when they are looking themselves in the mirror
   2. B.
      Men looking in the mirror usually ignore the flaws in their appearance
   3. C.
      It is likely that men will consider themselves more attractive than they really are
   4. D.
      Men don’t care about their body image
4. 4.

   Nowadays, if an average woman weighs 110 pounds, then a physically perfect woman should weigh about ______.

   1. A.
      85 pounds
   2. B.
      101 pounds
   3. C.
      90 pounds
   4. D.
      135 pounds
5. 5.

   What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

   1. A.
      Most women try to achieve the standards of beauty
   2. B.
      The standards of female beauty. in the past were more easily achieved than today
   3. C.
      Women are more unrealistic in their pursuit of beauty than men
   4. D.
      Less than 5% of the female population can achieve the current media ideal for women

“Sesame Street”has been called the longest street in the world．That is  16  the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the  17  ．The program became one of  18  biggest exports soon after it went on the  19  in New York in 1968．In the United States more than six million children watch the program  20  ．The viewers include more than half the nation's preschool children，21   every kind of economic，racial and geographical  22  ．

“Sesame Street” uses songs，stories，jokes and pictures to give children a basic  23  of numbers, work and human relations．Although some educators object to certain elements in the program，parents  24  it highly．Many teachers also consider it a great help，though some  25  found that problems arise when first graders who have  26  with“Sesame Street”are in the same class with children who haven't watched the program．

Why has“Sesame Street” been much more    27   than any other children's show? Many reasons have been  28  ．People mention the  29  theories of its creators，the support by both government and private business，and the  30 use of a variety of TV tricks．  31  an equally important reason is that mothers watch“Sesame Street”  32  their children．This is partly because  33   adult stars often appear on it．But the 34  reason may be that it  35  every child watching it feel able to learn，and he wants to learn more．

  It is difficult to imagine what life will be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions(感觉、知觉), the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.

  Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only “remembering” things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.

  Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices from storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”―ready for instant use. An average U. S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction(部分、片断) of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.

The use of words is the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person’s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.

66. According to the passage, memory is considered to be ________.

A. the basis for decision making and problem solving

B. an ability to store experiences of future use

C. an intelligence typically possessed by human beings

D. the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words

67. The comparison made between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a human being shows that ________.

A. the computer’s memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenager’s

B. the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller than an adult human being’s

C. the computer’s memory’s capacity is much smaller even than a teenager’s

D. both A and B

68. The whole passage implies that _______.

A. only human beings have problem-solving intelligence

B. a person’s memory is different from a computer’s in every aspect

C. animals are able to solve only very simple problems

D. animals solve problems by instincts rather than intelligence

69. The phrase “in terms of” in the last sentence can best be replaced by ________

A. in connection with                         B. expressed by

C. consisting                                     D. by means of

70. The topic of the passage is __________.

A. What would life be like without memory?

B. Memory is of vital importance to life.

C. How is a person’s memory different from an animal’s or a computer’s?

D. What is contained in memory?