5% of deaths caused by road accidents occur in the first few minutes after a crash. Up to 85% of these deaths could be prevented if first aid was given.

The first person on the scene of an accident will almost certainly be another road user. So as a driver your knowledge of first aid could make a real difference to someone in the event of a road accident.

Make safe: Make sure you stay safe: ①keep off the road. If you need to stop coming cars, signal to them from the pavement(人行道). Wear fluorescent reflective(荧光反射) clothing, flashing lights, etc. Don’t smoke!

*If you are in a car and you come across an accident, first park safely and turn off the engine before you get out to help.

Call for help: Dial 999 (or ②112) for the emergency services. If there is no phone nearby, ask help and send two people ③in opposite directions. Remain calm.

Do not allow smoking or offer food or drink to casualties(伤亡人员) as this could hamper(妨碍) medical treatment.

Calling 999 (112): Do this as soon as you can or get someone else to do it. You will need to tell the emergency services:

·where you are

·what has happened (describe the accident)

·how many people are injured(受伤)

·whether they are breathing(呼吸) or bleeding(流血).

Then you will know what to do while you wait for an ambulance to arrive.

任务（一）翻译：

1. ①keep off the road　　　

_______________________________

2. ③in opposite directions　
_______________________________

任务（二）选择：

(　 ) 3. ②112 is a number for ______.

　　 A. only patients　 B. emergency services　 C. the police

(　 ) 4. How many things do you need to tell the emergency services？

　　 A. 1.　　　　　　　　　 B. 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. 4.

任务（三）用英语回答问题：

5. Why aren’t we allowed to offer food or drink to casualties?

_______________________________

Asking for information or help is a very common and necessary activity, especially when we visit a foreign country. So knowing how to ask for information politely is important. In English, "Where are the restrooms?" and "Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?" are similar requests—both are correct English, but the first could sound rude. It’s important to use correct language, but sometimes this alone is not enough—we need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.
In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people. The expressions you use might depend on whom you are speaking to or how well you know them. If you say to your teacher, "Where is my book?" this will sound rude. But if you say, "Excuse me, Mr West. Do you know where my book is?" your question will sound much more polite. On the other hand, it might be alright to say "Where is my book?" in some situations, perhaps with people you know well.
And you would not usually say, "Peter, lend me your pen. " A very direct order like this can sound rude in English. Usually in English polite questions are longer and include extra language, such as "Could you please...?" or "Can I ask...?" It sounds more polite to say, "Peter, could you please lend me your pen?" Sometimes we might even need to spend some time leading in to a question or request. For example, if you stop a stranger in the street, we might first say, "Excuse me. I wonder if you can help me. " or "I’m sorry to trouble you but," before asking them for help.
It might seem that speaking politely is more difficult than being direct, and in a way this may be true. However, in order not to offend people, learning about the language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary. And doing this will also help you become better at English, or any other language you wish to speak.
【小题1】 It’s important to know how to_     _in English when we visit a foreign country.
【小题2】 When you talk with different people, you need to__       _.
【小题3】 Extra words are used to help__      ___.
【小题4】._      _is as important as learning language structure.
【小题5】 How do you say " Don’t smoke here. " politely? "_         __*

Grygori Pilikian spent his 114th birthday the other day and some reporters visited him to find out the secret of a long life.
“The secret of a long life is happiness,” Grygori said. “If you are happy, you will live a long time.”
“Are you married?” a reporter asked. “Yes,” Grygori answered. “I married my third wife when I was 102. If you are happily married, you will live better. But for(要是没有) my third wife, I would have died years ago.”
“What about smoking and drinking?” another reporter asked. “Yes, they are important,” Grygori said. “Don’t smoke at all and you will feel well. Drink two glasses of wine a day and you will be healthy and happy.”
【小题1】Some reporters visited Grygori because          .

--Could you please _____ in the room?

     --Oh, I’m sorry.

      A. not smoking  B. not smoke      C. not to smoke   D. don’t smoke