According to an official report on youth violence（暴力）, “The greatest danger to the lives of children is not disease or food shortage, but violence”. Why aren’t students taught to manage conflict（冲突）the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?

First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school students shows that most violence between students begin with small things. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can then lead to a fight. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.

Once students realize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of staying calm（平静的）. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words only make things worse. On the other hand, soft words can put out the fire before it is out of control.

After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key way to help: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without getting in a word. Afterwards, the listener can ask some questions to make the speaker’s position clear. Then the two people should change roles.

Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to work out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what both sides are trying to deal with. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the problem becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.

There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn’t mean there needs to be violence. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution（解决）is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.

56. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The lives of school children.     

B. The causes of fights in schools.

C. How to explain youth violence. 

D. How to deal with school conflicts.

57. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A. A small conflict can lead to violence.

B. Students seem to lose their temper easily.

C. Violence is more likely to happen at lunchtime.

D. The eating habit of a student often causes a fight.

58. Why do students need to ask themselves the questions in Paragraph 5?

A. To make clear what the real problem is.

B. To find out who should take responsibility.

C. To show more considerations for both sides.

D. To work out how to stop the shouting match.

59. What’s the writer’s purpose for writing this passage?

A. To tell the latest studies on school violence.

B. To teach students different skills for school life.

C. To describe some problems in school education.

D. To suggest teaching conflict management in schools.

Will you have to do a lot of homework every evening? Will your English classes be interesting? Who will teach you? Maybe you have lots of questions before school starts. Well, I want to give you some good advice about these questions.

First, keep calm(平静). Don't worry about all the questions you have. Put your heart into learning, and you will certainly find something you are interested in.

Second, try your best to finish your homework quickly. Don't spend a lot of time on it. Do as much reading and writing in English as possible. Don't stay up(熬夜) late, or you won't be able to study well the next day

Third, invent your own study methods instead of copying or repeating others'. If you can remember new words in your way, tell your teachers you don’t want to study new words by copying them again and again. If you are sure you can pass the tests well, I think your teachers will agree with you. And they can give some interesting work to do.

The school is really a good place for us to learn in. Believe in your teachers and yourself

(　 )51. The writer writes this article to　　　 　　　　

　　　 A. ask students not to do their homework

　　　 B. tell students what a good teacher and a good school are

　　　 C. give students some good ways of learning

　　　 D. ask the students not to listen to the teacher carefully

(　 )52. How many pieces of advice does the writer give?

　　　 A. Three　　 B. Four　　 C. Five　　 D. Six

(　 )53. What does the writer say about students' homework?

　　　 A. They should spend much time on it

　　　 B. Do the homework as quickiy as possible

　　　 C. They should do more reading or writing in English

　　　 D. They should stay up late doing their homework

(　 )54. What's the third piece of advice about?

　　　A. Study in your own way　　

　　　 B. How to get high marks

　　　 C. How to get on well with the teachers

　　　 D. What kind of schoolwork is better for students

(　 )55. According to the passage, students should believe in　　 　　　　

　　　 A. themselves and their parents　 　 B. their parents and teachers

　　　 C. their classmates and their friends D. themselves and their teachers

Do you hope to do a lot of homework every evening? Are you interested in your English classes? Who do you want to teach you? Maybe you have lots of questions in your mind before school starts.

Well, I want to give you some good advice on these problems.

First, keep calm(平静). Don’t worry about all the problems you have. Put your heart into learning, and you can find something you are interested in. Do it actively.

Second, try your best to finish your homework quickly. Don’t spend a lot of time on it. Do more reading or writing in English. Think about the problems you have and solve them at once. Don’t stay up(熬夜) late, or you can’t study well the next day.

Third, invent something instead of copying or repeating. If you can remember the words in your way, you can tell your teachers you don’t like the way of copying them again and again. Be sure, you must pass the test. I think your teachers will agree with you. And they can give you some interesting work to do.

School is really a good place for us to learn. Believe in your teachers and yourself. You are the best one and you can do everything well.

(   )61. The writer writes this article in order to (为了) ______.

A. ask students not to do their homework

B. give students some good ways of learning

C. ask the students not to listen to the teacher carefully

D. tell students what a good teacher and a good school are

(   ) 62. How many pieces of advice does the writer give us?

A. Three          B. Four                 C. Five         D. Six

(   ) 63. What does the writer tell students to do about their homework?

A. They should spend much time on it.         

B. Do the homework quickly.

C. They should do more reading or writing in English.

D. They should stay up late doing their home-work.

(   ) 64. What’s the third piece of advice about?

A. Study in your own way.            B. How to get high marks.

C. How to get on well with the teachers.             

D. What kind of schoolwork is better for students.

(   )65. According to (根据) the passage, students should believe in ______.

A. themselves and their parents              B. their parents and teachers

C. their classmates and their friends              D. themselves and their teachers

Do you ever feel like you are just running from one activity to another? In school, do you rush from one subject to another?

When things happen so fast, it is easy to get lost of what you are doing or learning. It is important to stop yourself every now and then to think about what you’ve been doing or learning.

Self reflection means slowing down and calming (使平静) yourself, including calming your mind. By being calm and going slowly, you give your brain a chance to think about what it has already received. Some people prefer to do these self reflections only in their mind. Others keep a diary or written notes. Either method works, depending on your own personal learning.

School textbooks are divided into units of study. This makes it easier for someone to begin self reflection. Look for time when you complete a unit of study in the subjects you are learning, such as math, science and art. Sometimes you know the unit is over because there is some kind of test. Use these natural breaks to stop and do self reflection.

Find a quiet place. You can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something early and the other students are still working. If you are going to take notes, take out paper or your reflection diary. Write down some notes on the new things that you learned in the unit. Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some connections.

Next, think about things that you are not sure of. Maybe you learned a new way to work out a math problem, but you’re not sure when to use it. Writing down your questions will help you remember to look for answers the next time you are working with the same topic.

Self reflection is important for a successful student. If you have never taken the time to do self reflection, try it now.

53. We do self reflection to ____.

A. have more activities and subjects

B. make things happen faster and better

C. think about what we have learned

D. let our brain have a good rest

54. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Taking notes is necessary when we do self reflection.

B. It’s a good time to do self refection when we finish a unit.

C. Self reflection should be done after class in the school.

D. It’s easy for us to find answers when we do self reflection.

55. What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Self Reflection in Mind or Taking Notes?

B. Self Reflection Makes You A Better Learner

C. Why Not Try These Steps of Self Reflection?

D. Find A Good Time and Place for Self Reflection

Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage

Exam time is the most stressful (最有压力的) period of the year. You've worked all the term on your classes and now it's the time to prove what you have learned. With so much at stake, it is easy to get stressed about your exams. However, with the right amount or hard work and focus you can pass your tests    1!

When I was in school, I used to get very stressed over my examinations. So did my friends. Some people stopped eating and others ate too much! Some     2 and others burned themselves out! The most important thing to remember when studying is not to panic! Take the middle path---stay calm, eat healthy food and get your rest. Stressing out and _3___yourself too hard is just as dangerous as not studying enough. A tired, overworked brain is just as useless as a stupid, empty one!

So, what do you do? Set aside a time each day for study and a time For __4 . You may have less time to relax than usual, but you still need to let your brain rest for a few moments. Get plenty of sleep. If you are_ 5  , information will not stick in your memory. Finally, eat healthy food that fuels your body and mind.

It does no good to look at your exams like the rest of your life   6  them. Instead, just view them as another obstacle (障碍物) you will overcome. You have overcome all kinds of obstacles in your life so far. With the right amount of work and focus, you will pass your examinations with flying colors! High school is right around the corner.