54. We learn from the last paragraph that iiS teaching children to say sorry　

A.　 the complexities involved should be ignored

B.　 parents need to set them a good example

C.　 their ages should be taken into account

D parents should be patient and tolerant

53. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”.

A. You have good reason to get upset

B. I apologize for hurting your feelings

C. I’m aware you’re upset , but I’m not to blame

D. I’m at fault for making you upset

十二.E

How to apologize properly is much more difficult than we think. Provided you want to teach your children to apologize, you must be good at saying sorry yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can make the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not make any sense.

These false apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not voice these false apologies.

But even when presented with examples of really being sorry, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that taking the biscuit without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.

52. If a mother adds “but” to an apology,________.

A. the child may feel that he owes her an apology

B. she knows that the child has been hurt

C. the child may find the apology easier to accept

D. she feels that she should have apologized

43. [答案]D

[试题解析]主旨大意题。根据文章第一段前3行The cash machine is 47 years old, but where was the birthplace of this world-beating invention? New York? Tokyo? No. The first ever cash machine was born in Enfield Town, north London. 可知本文主要讲述的是关于ATM的一些我们所不知道的事情。故D正确。

[长难句解析]

It was a Scottish inventor, John shepherd Barron, who realized the concept of a self-service machine that could be used 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to withdraw cash from one’s own bank account.

[翻译]正是一位苏格兰的发明家，John shepherd Barron他意识到一种自动服务的机器可以一天24小时、一周7天、天天都被使用，来从银行账户里取钱。

[分析]本句中有一个强调句型，It was a Scottish inventor, John shepherd Barron, who realized the concept of a self-service machine 。强调句子的主语a Scottish inventor, John shepherd Barron。句中还有一个定语从句that could be used 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to withdraw cash from one’s own bank account.修饰先行词a self-service machine。

42. [答案]B

[试题解析]细节题。根据第二段第6行Not surprisingly, ATMs get their busiest workouts on Fridays.

可知在星期五的时候，ATM是最忙的，也就是说人们最喜欢是在星期五使用ATM。故B正确。

41. [答案]C

[试题解析]推理题。根据第二段最后2行In the 1990s, banks began charging fees to use ATMs, a profitable move for them and an annoying one for consumers.可知在1990s，银行开始对ATM的使用收费了，说明之前在刚刚开始使用的时候是不收费的。故C正确。

40. [答案]B

[试题解析]推理题。根据第一段3,4,5行It was a Scottish inventor, John shepherd Barron, who realized the concept of a self-service machine that could be used 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to withdraw cash from one’s own bank account.可知是苏格拉人John shepherd Barron首先有了the concept of a self-service machine的概念。所以下句中的it就是指自动取款机的想法。故B正确。

42. What can we learn from the text? "

A.　　　 Americans under the age of 18 are not allowed to have an ATM card.

B.　　　 People are more likely to turn to ATMs for banking service on Fridays.

C.　　　 Criminals usually choose unsafe locations to steal customers' PINs.

D.　　　 The ATM crime rate in New York is much lower than that in other state

41. Which of the following is true about ATM?

A. It appeared earlier than the chocolate bar dispenser.

B. It was invented by a Scottish man in 1971.

C. It was at first free of charge for its consumers.

D. It was originally designed to deposit money.