45. C　 细节理解题。由最后一段They also produce seeds at a much younger age and a higher rate than their bigger counterparts可知C项正确。

44. B　 词义猜测题。this指代文中larger plant species monopolize sunlight, water and other resources, limiting the number of smaller plant species that can exist around them这一观点。

43. A　 主旨大意题。结合文章第一段及最后一段可知，本文主要是讲述科学家的新发现：低矮植物比高大植物更有优势。

42. A　 推理判断题。由最后一段第三句In American cultures, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.可知，父母们之所以不喜欢summer school这个词的原因是因为他们珍惜孩子自由的权利。故选A。

41. A　 细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句可知家境不好的学生在暑假之后会落后于其他学生。故选A。

40. C　 细节理解题。由第三段第一句中…the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.可知，year-round学校的学生与传统学校的学生的在校学习时间是一样的。故选C。

39. D　 细节理解题。由文章第一段…it means that the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget.可知，学生们暑假离开学校的时间越长忘记的知识就越多，从而影响正常的学习。

38. B　 观点态度题。本文属于新闻报道，作者客观公正地报道了事实，因此B项正确。

Ⅲ.36. C 细节理解题，由文中的Four Taiwanese tourists were killed instantly, including one man and three women, and of the 15 injured, 14 were Taiwanese tourists.可知并非所有受伤的游客都是台湾人，A项不对；由around 440 kilometers away from Changchun可知出事地点离长春很远，故B项不对；由Five of them were hurt seriously, but their injuries were not life threatening.可知D项不对；由Moreover, the injured tourists were mostly elderly.可知C项正确。

37. A　 词义猜测题。由文章第二段首句可知，该公共汽车与小汽车相撞后翻了，故A项正确。

35. A　 我那位在睡觉的邻座的哲理是对的：如果你在火车上有座位，别动！