16．(3分)答：                                                                   

15．(4分) 答：(1)                                              

(2)                                              

14．(6分)答：                                                                   

13．(4分)答：                                                                   

12．(4分)答：                                                                   

11．(4分)答：                                                                   

10．(4分)答：                                                                   

9．(4分)译文：                                                                 

8．(3分)答：                                                                   

7．(4分)答：问题(1)                                                            

问题(2)