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3.__________________________? (What)

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2.__________________________? (When)

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1.__________________________? (When)

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3. 本单元出现的被动语态

 Who was it / were they invented by?

 它(它们)是由谁发明的?

 It was / They were  invented by … + sb.

 它(它们)是由……发明的。

 When was it / were they invented by?

 它(它们)是什么时候被发明出来的?

 It was / They were  invented … + time

 它(它们)是……被发明出来的。

 What is it / are they  used for?

 它(它们)有什么用途呢?

 It is / They are   used for + doing sth.

 它(它们)被用来……。

 任务Ⅱ.  请用下列词汇编几组特殊疑问句。(用被动语态)

 electric slippers, adjustable heels, tea, microwave ovens, potato chips

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2. 主、被动时态对照表:

时态/动词形式
主动态
被动态
一般现在时
keeps
is kept
现在进行时
is keeping
is being kept
一般过去时
kept
was kept
过去进行时
was keeping
was being kept
现在完成时
has kept
has been kept
过去完成时
had kept
had been kept
一般将来时
will keep
will be kept
虚拟语气
would keep
would be kept

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1.把主动态变成被动态的方法是把动词to be变成原来的主动态动词的时态,再加上主动态里动词的过去分词。

 主动态: Bell invented telephones.  贝尔发明了电话机。

 在这个主动态句子中,时态是一般过去时,所以,变成被动态时,首先要把to be 变成它的一般过去时形式,即:was / were。然后加上主动态里的动词的过去分词形式。于是就变成了:

 Telephones were invented by Bell.  电话机被贝尔发明了。

 注意进行时态的被动态。这种语态有时似乎难以使用,因为它要求用to be的现在进行时,这种形式在其他方面用得不多。

 主动态:They are repairing the bridge.

   他们正在修桥。

 被动态:The bridge is being repaired by them.

   桥正在被他们修理。

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the names of inventions
when
who
be used for
gun powder
Tang Dynasty
don’t know
exploding, war, fireworks
compass
War Dynasty
Chinese people
knowing the direction
printing
one thousand ,three hundred years ago
Bi Sheng
printing
paper making
one thousand  eight hundred years ago
Cai Lun
recording information

答案:一、1-5invention adjustable mistake century throwing

6-10 mixed notice produced metal camera

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20. This is my new pen. It _______me 18 yuan.

A. cost    B. spent    C. paid     D. took

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19. ______, where is the post office near here?

  A. In the way   B. On the way   C. By the way   D. To the way

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