6.相互代词:用于表示相互关系的代词。 常用的有:each other, one another. 相互代词可以作宾语、定语。例如:
We should help each other.
The villagers have looked after one another these year.
相互代词后可以加’s,表示所有关系。 例如:
We put the presents in each other’s stocking.
5.疑问代词:用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。常用的有:who, what, which, whose, whom, 在句中常作主语、宾语、定语、表语。
作主语: What make you so happy?
作宾语: Who / Whom is your manager talking with?
在口语中, 作宾语时 who和whom可以通用,但在介词后面只能用whom.例如:
About whom they are talking just now?
作定语: Which subject do you like best?
作表语: What’s your mother.
4.指示代词:表示时间和空间远近关系的代词叫指示代词。见下表
这,这个 |
那,那个 |
这些 |
那些 |
this |
that |
these |
those |
指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。例如:
Those are my parents. ( 作主语)
Throw it like that. (作表语)
The toys little Tom likes are those in the basket. ( 作表语)
These pictures are drawn by an old blind man. ( 作定语)
注意:(1)前面刚刚提到过的东西, 常用that, those 表示。 例如:
I’m sorry to hear that.
( 2 )下文将要提到的事情, 可用these, this 表示, 起启下的作用。 例如:
Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first, then tie the tree to it.
3.反身带词:用来表示“某人自己”的代词称为反身代词。如下表所示:
词 义 数 |
我(们)自己 |
你(们)自己 |
他/ 她/ 它 自 己 / 他
们 自
己 |
||
单 数 |
myself |
yourself |
himself |
herself |
itself |
复 数 |
ourselves |
yourselves |
themselves |
(1)反身代词在句中常用宾语,主语或宾语的同位语。例如:
Her sister is too young to dress herself. (作宾语)
He himself is always making such mistakes. (主语同位语)
You’d better ask your wife herself. (宾语同位语)
(2) 反身代词可与其他词构成固定搭配,例如:
make oneself at home, teach oneself, learn by oneself, help oneself to…,etc
2.物主代词:表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词包括名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词。
词 义 类 型 |
我的 |
你的 |
他的 |
她的 |
它的 |
我们的 |
你们的 |
他/她/它们的 |
形容词性物主代词 |
my |
your |
his |
her |
its |
our |
your |
their |
名 词性物主代词 |
mine |
yours |
his |
hers |
its |
ours |
yours |
theirs |
(1)形容词性物主代词在句中具有形容词的特征。在句中作定语, 后面跟名词。例如:
To our surprise, he has passed the exam.
(2) 名词性的物主代词具有名词的特征, 在句中作主语、表语、宾语。例如:
May I use your bike? Mine is at school. (作主语)
Whose glasses are these? They are hers. ( 作表语)
My dictionary is lost. Can I use yours? (作宾语)
(3) 名词性物主代词可以与of 连用, 作定语。 例如:A friend of ours are waiting for us.
1. 人称代词:人称代词是指人的代词,有性、数、格的区别。表示“我” “你” “他” “我们” “你们” “他们”。请看下表:
数 格 人 称 |
单 数 |
复 数 |
||
主 格 |
宾 格 |
主 格 |
宾 格 |
|
第一人称 |
we |
me |
we |
us |
第二人称 |
you |
you |
you |
you |
第三人称 |
he |
him |
they |
them |
she
|
her
|
|||
it |
it |
(1)人称代词主格在句中作主语。例如:She is my English teacher.
(2)宾格在句中作宾语。例如:They don’t want me to go there alone.
Don’t worry. I can look after her.
(3)宾格还可以作宾格。特别是在口语中。例如:--- Who’s that? --- It’s me.
注意:①人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。例如:
You cannot go into the hall with slippers. 不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。
②人称代的主格作表语,一般都在正中的谈话中, 表示强调。例如:
It was he who took away the necklace. 是他拿走了那条项链。
③人称代词she可以用指代祖国、大地、月亮、轮船等。 例如:
The ship is leaving. She’s on her first trip to Boston. 轮船要起航了。 这时她第一次去波士顿。
We love our country, we hope she’ll be stronger and stronger. 我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她越来越强大。
④It作为人称代词时,可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等。 例如:
It is about 10 kilometres from here. 离这儿大约有10公里。
⑤It 还可用作形式主语或形式宾语,来代替由不定式,动词的-ing,形式或主语从句构成的真正的主语或宾语, 以避免句子头重脚轻。例如:
It is not easy to learn English well.
It is good for you taking a walk after supper.
I found it difficult to sleep.
⑥英语里当主语是并列的几个人时,人称代词的排列顺序和汉语不同, I 在最后, you 在最前;但是, 当受到批评或时承认错误时正好相反,I 在最前, you在最后。 例如:
You, he and I are all the winners.
I, Li lei and you are wrong. We should do more for the project.
1.a ,a, The the 2.an, a, a, The ,the, the 3. A, a, the the, the 4. an, a, a, the, a
代 词
知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
4. My friends live in _______ old house in _______ small village. There is _______ beautiful garden behind _______ house. I would like to have ______ garden like that.
3. There are two cars parked outside: ______ blue one and _______ grey one. _______ blue one is my neighbour’s; I don’t know who ______ owner of _______ grey one is.
2. I saw ______ accident this morning. ______ car crashed into ______ tree. ______ driver of ______ car wasn’t hurt but ______ car was badly damaged.
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