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3.    His family __________ going to have a long journey.

A. has       B. have      C. is        D. are

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2.    Three years __________ not a long time.

A. is        B. are       C. has       D. be

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1.    You and I __________ of the same age.

A. am       B. are       C. be        D. is

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(1)    集体名词看作整体时,谓语动词用单数,看作各个成员时,谓语用复数。 例如:His family isn’t large     His family are all fond of music.

(2)    有些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然常有词尾“s”但定义上是单数,谓语动词要用单数 例如:The news is wonderful.     Physics is an interesting subject.

(3)    由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语,是当作一个整体看待的,后面用单数动词。

例如:Five minutes is too short.

    Ten dollars is enough.

(4)    主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时,谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。

例如:The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.

(5)    主语前有every或each修饰时,无论有几个主语,谓语动词用单数。

例如:Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.

第三节 巩固练习

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例1
判断改错:
(1)   Each of them have an apple.
 A    B  C   D
 
(2)   Maths are a difficult subject.
   A  B   C   D
(3)   The football team is playing very hard.
      A    B  C     D
(4)   What he said are very clear.
     A   B  C   D
 
答案:
C  B  B  C
提示:
(1)have改为has。因为each of做主语,谓语动词用单数。(2)应改为is,因为maths并非复数。(3)is要改为are,这里team表示队员,谓语动词用复数。(4)改为is,what he said是主语从句。谓语动词要用单数。
例2
用所给词的适当形式填空:
(1) with my parents __________(be) going to Beijing for summer holiday.
(2) Neither I nor he __________(like) football.
(3)   Five yuan __________(be) enough to pay for a meal.
(4) The number of students in our school __________(be) over two thousand.
 
答案:
am, likes, is, is
提示:
(1)主语后接with或together with引起的短语时,其人称单复数的概念不变。(2)neither…nor等结构连接主语时,谓语动词与邻近的一个一致。(3)表示时间金钱等概念的名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。(4)the number of指……的数量,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

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   谓语动词的人称单复数和最近的主语保持一致。There be, Here be句型中动词的单复数必须与后置的主语保持一致。当be后面的主语有两个或两个以上的并列成分时,be动词往往与最临近的一个部分一致。

例如:There is an orange, two apples and many bananas on the table.

There are two books and a dictionary on the desk.

两个做主语的名词或代词由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also等连接时,谓语动词用靠近原则。

例如:Neither you nor I am right.

Not only the students but also the teacher is going to attend the meeting.

    但如果用as well as连接两个主语用靠前原则

例如:Mary as well as Bob is my friend.

第二节 实战演练

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   主语形式是单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词根据意义要用复数,反之主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词也用单数。如表示一笔钱,一段时间,一定重量时,这些单位虽是复数形式,但谓语动词是单数形式。

例如:It seems to me that five years is so short a time.

Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.

有些集体名词,如family, group, class等作主语时,作为整体看待,谓语动词要用单数,就其中一个个成员而言,谓语要用复数。

例如:My family is a happy one.

My family are watching TV.

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一个句子的主语是单数时,谓语动词也应是单数形式,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:

Learning English is very important.

学习英语是很重要的。

The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.

Both Bob and Tom are my friends.

但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人,同一类物,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如:A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.

由and连接的并列单数主语前,如果分别有each, every等修饰时,谓语要用单数。

例如:Every boy and every girl was given a present.

Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.

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•     1。为使语气委婉有意不说出动作者。2。不知道或不必指明动作的发出者。

•     3。要强调动作的承受者。4。为了修辞的需要。

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只要求理解的其它几种形式

现在进行:  am/is/are+being +vt.p.p.

一般将来时:   will be+ vt.p.p.

现在完成时:  have/has +been+ vt.p.p.

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