3. His family __________ going to have a long journey.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
2. Three years __________ not a long time.
A. is B. are C. has D. be
1. You and I __________ of the same age.
A. am B. are C. be D. is
(1) 集体名词看作整体时,谓语动词用单数,看作各个成员时,谓语用复数。 例如:His family isn’t large His family are all fond of music.
(2) 有些名词如news, maths, physics等虽然常有词尾“s”但定义上是单数,谓语动词要用单数 例如:The news is wonderful. Physics is an interesting subject.
(3) 由数词+表示重量、里程、时间、金钱等名词所构成的复数名词主语,是当作一个整体看待的,后面用单数动词。
例如:Five minutes is too short.
Ten dollars is enough.
(4) 主语后面跟有介词with或together with 引导的短语时,谓语动词一般与前面的主语的人称和数一致。
例如:The teacher together with ten students is doing an experiment in the lab.
(5) 主语前有every或each修饰时,无论有几个主语,谓语动词用单数。
例如:Every teacher and every student in our school has been to the Century Park.
第三节 巩固练习
例1 |
判断改错: (1) Each of them have an apple. A B C D (2) Maths are a difficult subject. A B C D (3) The football team is playing very hard. A B C D (4) What he said are very clear. A B C D |
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答案: |
C B B
C |
提示: |
(1)have改为has。因为each of做主语,谓语动词用单数。(2)应改为is,因为maths并非复数。(3)is要改为are,这里team表示队员,谓语动词用复数。(4)改为is,what he said是主语从句。谓语动词要用单数。 |
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例2 |
用所给词的适当形式填空: (1) with my parents __________(be) going to Beijing for summer holiday. (2) Neither I nor he __________(like) football. (3) Five yuan __________(be) enough to pay for a meal. (4) The number of students in our school __________(be) over two thousand. |
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答案: |
am, likes, is, is |
提示: |
(1)主语后接with或together with引起的短语时,其人称单复数的概念不变。(2)neither…nor等结构连接主语时,谓语动词与邻近的一个一致。(3)表示时间金钱等概念的名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数。(4)the number of指……的数量,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 |
谓语动词的人称单复数和最近的主语保持一致。There be, Here be句型中动词的单复数必须与后置的主语保持一致。当be后面的主语有两个或两个以上的并列成分时,be动词往往与最临近的一个部分一致。
例如:There is an orange, two apples and many bananas on the table.
There are two books and a dictionary on the desk.
两个做主语的名词或代词由either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also等连接时,谓语动词用靠近原则。
例如:Neither you nor I am right.
Not only the students but also the teacher is going to attend the meeting.
但如果用as well as连接两个主语用靠前原则
例如:Mary as well as Bob is my friend.
第二节 实战演练
主语形式是单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词根据意义要用复数,反之主语形式为复数,但意义为单数,谓语动词也用单数。如表示一笔钱,一段时间,一定重量时,这些单位虽是复数形式,但谓语动词是单数形式。
例如:It seems to me that five years is so short a time.
Two hundred dollars was spent on the books.
有些集体名词,如family, group, class等作主语时,作为整体看待,谓语动词要用单数,就其中一个个成员而言,谓语要用复数。
例如:My family is a happy one.
My family are watching TV.
一个句子的主语是单数时,谓语动词也应是单数形式,主语是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。例如:
Learning English is very important.
学习英语是很重要的。
The girl together with her two sisters has left for Nanjing.
Both Bob and Tom are my friends.
但如果并列的主语指的是同一个人,同一类物,谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:A singer and dancer is going to attend our meeting.
由and连接的并列单数主语前,如果分别有each, every等修饰时,谓语要用单数。
例如:Every boy and every girl was given a present.
Each word and each phrase in the dictionary is important.
• 1。为使语气委婉有意不说出动作者。2。不知道或不必指明动作的发出者。
• 3。要强调动作的承受者。4。为了修辞的需要。
只要求理解的其它几种形式
现在进行: am/is/are+being +vt.p.p.
一般将来时: will be+ vt.p.p.
现在完成时: have/has +been+ vt.p.p.
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