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19.  age (n.) 年龄

at the age of 在…岁时

when he was three years old=at the age of three (在他三岁的时候)

词组①:the aged (年长的人)

词组②:stone age (石器时代)

词组③:information age (信息时代)

ERA=age 纪元

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18.  against (prep.) 反对

反义词:for (prep.) 赞同

例句:Some are for it, while others are against it.(一些人赞同它, 然而一些人反对它。)

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17.  Africa (n.) 非洲 → African (adj.)非洲的

Asia (n.) 亚洲 → Asian (adj.) 亚洲的

Europe (n.) 欧洲 → European (adj.) 欧洲的

Euro 欧元

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16.  afraid (adj.) 害怕

be afraid of  (客观) 害怕, 担心(某事)

be afraid to do  (主观) 不愿意去做某事

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15.  advice (n.) 建议

a piece of advice 一个建议

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14.  advantage (n.)优势, 优点

反义词:disadvantage (n.) 缺点, 劣势

advantages and disadvantages 优势和劣势

词组①:A has advantages over B  A比B有…优势

词组②:take advantage of every chance 利用每次机会

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13.  adopt (v.) 采纳, 领养

adopted (adj.) 被收养的, 被采用的, 孤苦伶仃的

adoptive (adj.) 收养关系的, 采用的, 好心的

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12.  add (v.) 增加

add to 增加了

例①  :The unexpected storm added to the difficulties in Shanghai.

(这个突如其来的暴风雪给上海雪上加霜。)

例②  :This stamp has added to the album.(这张邮票给邮册增色不少。)

add sth. to 给…加上…

add a brick to the wall 给墙加上一块砖

add up to 数量总计为…

例句:The number of the students here adds up to sixty.(这里所有的学生加起来有60人。)

addition (n.) 增加(物)

in addition to=besides 除了…还有

except 除去(同类)

except for 除去(不同类)

例①  :This composition was written very well except for some spelling mistakes.

(这篇作文除了一些拼写错误以外都非常好。) <spelling mistakes, composition不同类>

例②  :This coat fits her except for its color.

(除了颜色以外这件外套很适合她。)  <color, coat不同类>

例③  :Shanghai is a good city except for its weather.(除了天气以外, 上海是一个好城市。)

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11.  act (v.) 表演 (n.) 演技

action (n.) 措施, 举措

take immediate action to do sth. 对…立刻采取措施

actor, actress (n.) 男演员, 女演员

active (adj.) 积极的

take an active part in 积极参与

actively (adv.) 积极地

activity (n.) 活动

take part in activities in or after class 课内和课后积极参加活动

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10.  across (prep.) 在…的对面  (adv.) 横过

walk across the street 横穿马路    sail across the ocean 横跨大洋

区别:cross (v.) 穿过  cross the street 穿马路

across & through :前者是平面穿过,后者是立体空间内的穿过。

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