2.may和might的用法

（1）表示许可或请求许可，may=can, might=could

May/Can I come in ?Yes,you may/can.No,you mustn’t.

（2）may be和maybe

He may be at home.=Maybe he is at home.

1.can/could的用法

（1）.表示能力

Can you drive a car ?No,I can’t .

She can speak English and French.

He could swim when he was five.

（2）.表示许可或请求许可，could比can语气更委婉客气，而且could并不是can的过去时，could和can没有时间上的差别。

Can I help you ?

Could you lend me your bike?

考点4、情态动词

情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，认为可能、应当、必要等。情态动词有自己的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须加动词原形构成合成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有：can/could,may/might, must ,need ,should ,used to,had better等。

This factory was opened in 2002.

do/does/did

构成一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句

Do you often get up early?

He didn’t go to school yesterday.

构成否定的祈使句（do）

Don’t play football in the street.

have/has/had

跟动词的过去分词一起构成完成时态

He has gong to America.

She said she had kept the book for two weeks.

will/shall

跟动词的原形一起构成一般将来时

What shall we do tomorrow?

I’ll go fishing next Sunday.

would/should

跟动词的原形一起构成过去将来时

I didn’t know if she would come.

I wondered if I should go

考点3、助动词

助动词本身没有次词义，不能单独做谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定、疑问、时态、语态等语法形式，或用来加强语气。常用的助动词有be(am/is/are/,was,were),  do/does/did ,  have/has/had ,shall / will,

would/should等.

助动词

用    法

示     例

Be(am/is/are/was/were)

助动词be+现在分词构成进行时态

We’re having an English lesson.

She was writing when I left.

助动词be+过去分词构成被动语态

English is spoken by many people.

考点2、连系动词

连系动词本 身具有一定意义，表示某人或某事物的状态或特征。连系动词不能单独做谓语，其后可接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语作表语。

She looked tired,but she soon felt better.

He always seems very quiet,but sometimes he makes trouble.

She looks like her sister.

Keep quiet.

连系动词

词  义

示     例

be

是

It is sunny today.

become

成为  变得

The boy became interested in science.

get

变得

The days get longer.

turn

变得

The trees turn green in spring.

grow

成长，变得

The world population is growing faster and faster

keep

保持

You must look after yourself and keep healthy.

seem

似乎，好象

She seems much better now.

feel

感到，摸起来

She feels terrible now.

look

看起来

The flower looks very beautiful.

smell

闻起来

The fish smells nice.

sound

听起来

The song sounds wonderful

taste

尝起来

The cake tastes good.

注意

含连系动词（除be外）的句子变疑问句时一定要借助do , does , did

考点1、行为动词

行为动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词后面跟宾语意思才完整，不及物动词后面不跟宾语意思也完整，但很多动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。

He studies English well.

He studies hard.

Father often reads newspapers after supper.

When I came in ,he was reading .

考点7、其他特殊表达法

1).基数词前加every，表示“每一段时间或每一段……”

每10天/每隔9天 every ten days/every tenth day

每四周/每隔3周every four weeks/every fourth week

2).表示年代或岁数时，用逢十的基数词的复数形式。

This took place in the 1960s.这件事发生在20世纪60年代

He is in his early twenties.他有20出头。

in the 30’s(thirties)在30年代

注意：“十几岁”要用 in one’s teens .

3).表示比例可用 in ,out of

one in ten十个中的一个

one in a thousand千万次中的一次

考点6、编号表示法

1).用序数词表示，the+序数词+名词。

第五页the fifth page      第十二课the twelfth lesson

第二次世界大战the Second World War

2).用基数词表示，名词+基数词（第一个字母要大写）

202房间Room 202         第十页Page Ten

第一课Lesson One  第十六中学the No.16 Middle School

考点5、时刻的表示法

1).用基数词，按顺序读。

6:00   six (o’clock)       3:45 three forty-five

2).在半小时内，包括半小时（半小时用half表示，一刻钟用a quarter表示），可以用介词past。past之前为分钟数，之后为钟点数。

6:15  fifteen(a quarter) past six   12:30 half past twelve

3).在半小时以上，不包括半小时，可以用介词to，to之前为分钟数，之后为下一个钟点数，表示“差几分到几点”。

7:45 a quarter to eight       10:50  ten to eleven