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2.ask sb. to do sth.                  请某人做某事 

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1.at the party                       在晚会上 

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4. 动词时态和代词等的变动

 (1). 某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:

直接引语           间接引语

today          that day

now          then, at that moment

yesterday           the day before

the day before yesterday         two days before

tomorrow                 the next day / the following day

the day after tomorrow          two days after, / in two days

next week/ month etc       the next week/month etc

last week/ month etc          the week / month etc. before

here            there

this           that

these          those

come            go 

bring              take

(2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下: 现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时 

一般现在时     →一般过去时;

现在进行时     →过去进行时; 

一般将来时     →过去将来时; 

现在完成时     →过去完成时; 

Unit 5  If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time! 

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3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。如:

 Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary. ”      杰克说:“玛丽,明天请到我家来。”

     →Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。

 The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.”       老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。”

     →The teacher told the students to stop talking.        老师让学生们不要说话了。

 “Don’t touch anything.” He said.                     “不要碰任何东西。”他说。

     →He told us not to touch anything.             他对我们说不要碰任何东西。

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2. 疑问句的间接引语

 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种:

(1).一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时, 由whether或if 引导。 如:

 “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问。

 →Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。

 “Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked.  

    那个老人问:“你能告诉我去医院的路吗?

 →The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital.  

    那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。

(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导。如:

 “Which room do you live in?” He asked. “           你住哪个房间?”他问我。

 →He asked me which room I lived in.                他问我住哪个房间。

 “What do you think of the film?” She asked.            她问“你怎么看这部电影?”

 →She asked her friend what she thought of the film  .    她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。

(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if …or引导。 如:

 “Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked.   妈妈问:“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”

→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。

“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked. 

“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问。

 →Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 

凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。

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1.陈述句的间接引语:陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略。

 “I want the blue one.” he told us.             “我想要兰色的。” 他说。

  →He told us that he wanted the blue one.     他说他想要兰色的。

 She said to me, “You can’t do anything now.”         她对我说:“此刻你无法做任何事情。”

→She told me that I couldn’t do anything then.     她对我说那时我无法做任何事。

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2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化。 如:

 She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.

 He said,“These books are mine.”   →He said that those books were his.

(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。

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1. 时态的变化:直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变 

一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如:

 Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”

 →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.

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23.  What are some things that happen on soap operas? 

本单元语法讲解 

直接引语和间接引语 

(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。   

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22.  A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C’s answer to A. 

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