B

Charles Dickens (1812-1870), the great nineteenth century English novelist, was born near Portsmouth. His father ran heavily into debt and when he was twelve, he had to go and work in a factory for making boot polish. The only formal education he received was a two-year schooling at a school for poor children. In fact, he had to teach himself all he knew. He worked for a time as junior clerk in a lawyer’s office. After that, he worked as a reporter in the law courts, and later in parliament, for London newspapers. His career as a writer of fiction began in 1833 with short stories and essays in periodicals, and in 1837 his comic novel The Pickwick Papers made him the most popular author at his time in England.

He was a great observer of people and their places because he was attracted by life and conditions in mid-nineteenth century London. He wrote 19 novels all his life and in many of them, Dickens gave a realistic picture of all classes of England society, showing deep sympathy for the poor and unfortunate, exposing the injustice and inhumanity of the bourgeoisie.

Many of his novels like Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Nicholas Nickleby, Great Expectations, A Tale of Two Cities and so on drew attention to the unsatisfactory social conditions that existed in England over a hundred years ago.

Dickens criticized capitalist society from the point of view of bourgeois humanism. He wished to see improvement in the living conditions of the poor, but failed to find any effective means to achieve that end.

46. Dickens only received a little formal education because______.

A. he wanted to teach himself

B. he wanted to work and made a lot of money

C. he was too poor to afford any more formal education

D. he wanted some working experiences to be a novelist

47. According to Dickens, the society at his time in England was________.

A. just 　　 B. poor 　　　 C. comfortable 　 D. unsatisfying

48. Which of the following novel made Dickens the most popular writer at his time in England?

A. Oliver Twist　　　　　 B. The Pickwick Papers　

C. A Tale of Two Cities　　 D. Great Expectations

49. According to the passage, which of the following about Dickens is true?

A. He didn’t go to school at all.

B. He only wrote about poor people and showed deep sympathy for them.

C. He began to write fictions when he was 21years old.

D. He found some effective ways to improve the living conditions of the poor.

50. It can be inferred from the passage that________.

A. Dickens had a miserable childhood

B. Dickens tried many different jobs before he became a professional writer

C. Dickens wrote many novels but only some of them are popular

D. Dickens criticized capitalist society and helped to improve the living conditions of the poor

A

What should you think about when trying to find your career? You are probably better at some school subjects than others. These may show strengths that you can use in your work. A boy who is good at mathematics can use that in an engineering career. A girl who spells well and likes English may be good at office work. So it is important to know the subjects you do well in at school. On the other hand, you may not have any specially strong subjects but your records show a general satisfactory standard. Although not all subjects can be used directly in a job, they may have indirect value. A knowledge of history is not required for most jobs but if history is one of your good subjects you will have learned to remember facts and details. This is an ability that can be useful in many jobs.

Your school may have taught you skills, such as typing or technical drawing, which you can use in your work.. You may be good at metalwork or cookery and look for a job where you can improve these skills. If you have had a part-time job on Saturdays or in the summer, think what you gained from it. If nothing else, you may have learned how to get to work on time, to follow instructions and to get on with older workers. You may have learned to give correct change in a shop, for example. Just as important, you may become interested in a particular industry or career you see from the inside in a part-time job.

Facing your weak points is also part of knowing yourself. You may be all thumbs when you handle tools; perhaps you are a poor speller or cannot add up a column of figures. It is better to face any weakness than to pretend they do not exist. Your school record, for instance, may not be too good, yet it is an important part of your background. You should not be apologetic(认错的) about it but instead recognize that you will have a chance of a fresh start at work.

41．What is the passage mainly about?

A．The importance of working hard at school.

B．Choosing a career according to one’s strengths.

C．How to face one’s weakness.

D．The value of school work.

42. The writer thinks that a student have a part-time job is probably ___.

A. a good way to find out his weak points

B. one of the best ways of earning extra money

C. of great use for his work in the future

D. a waste of time he could have spent on study

43．From the passage we learn that if a student’s school performance is not good, he _______.

A．should pay more attention to learning skills and developing abilities

B．will be regretful about his bad results

C．may also do well in his future work

D．should restart his study in school

44. The underlined phrase “be all thumbs” (in para. 3) probably means “_______”.

A. be clumsy at doing things

B. be skillful in doing things

C. be not interested in certain things　　　　　

D. be easily bored in doing things

45．From the last paragraph we know one should _________.

A．make full use of one’s own weak points

B．study harder for a new school record

C．apologize for one’s own school record

D．face one’s own weak points bravely

35.(18分)在质量为的小车上, 竖直固定着一个质量为，高、总电阻、 匝矩形线圈，且小车与线圈的水平长度相同。现线圈和小车一起在光滑的水平面上运动，速度为，随后穿过与线圈平面垂直，磁感应强度的水平有界匀强磁场，方向垂直纸面向里，如图(1)所示。已知小车运动(包括线圈)的速度随车的位移变化的图象如图(2)所示。求:

(1)小车的水平长度和磁场的宽度

(2)小车的位移时线圈中的电流大小以及此时小车的加速度

(3)在线圈进入磁场的过程中通过线圈某一截面的电量

(4)线圈和小车通过磁场的过程中线圈电阻的发热量

34．(18分)如图所示，质量为1kg的物体静置于水平面上，现对物体施以水平方向的恒定拉力，1s末将拉力撤去，物体运动的图象如图所示，试求：

(1)滑动摩擦力的大小；

(2)拉力的大小；

(3)在0~3s内滑动摩擦力做的功。

33.(1)(7分)某实验小组想测量木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功．装置如图，一木块放

在粗糙的水平长木板上，右侧栓有一细线，跨过固定在木板边缘的滑轮与重物连接，木块左侧与穿过打点计时器的纸带相连，长木板固定在水平实验台上．实验时，木块在重物牵引下向右运动，重物落地后，木块继续向右做匀减速运动，下图给出了重物落地后打点计时器打出的纸带，系列小黑点是计数点，每相邻两计数点间还有4个点(图中未标出 )，计数点间的距离

如图所示．打点计时器所用交流电频率

为50Hz，不计纸带与木块间的拉力．

①可以判断纸带的　　　 (左或右端)与木块连接．根据纸带提供的数据计算打点计时器在打下A点和B点时木块的速度v_A ＝ ___________m/s，v_B＝　 ___________ m/s．(结果保留两位有效数字)

　 　②要测量在AB段木板对木块的摩擦力所做的功W_AB，还需要的实验器材是　　　 ，还应测量的物理量是　　　　 ．(填入所选实验器材和物理量前的字母)

　　　 A．木板的长度l　　　 　B．木块的质量m₁　　　 　C．木板的质量m₂　

　D．重物质量m₃　　　　 E．木块运动的时间t　 　　F．AB段的距离l_AB

　G．天平　　　　　 　　　H．秒表　　　　　　　 　J．弹簧秤

(2)(13分)如图甲是“测电池的电动势和内阻”的实验电路，如果采用新电池进行实验，实验时会发现，当滑动变阻器在阻值较大的范围内调节时，①电压表___________(变化大，变化小) 原因是：____________，从而影响测量值的精确性．为了较精确地测量一节新电池的内阻，可用以下给定的器材和一些导线来完成实验，器材：量程3V的理想电压表V，量程0.6A的电流表A(具有一定内阻)，定值电阻R₀(R₀＝1.50Ω)，滑动变阻器R₁(0 ~ 10Ω)，滑动变阻器R₂(0 ~ 200Ω)，开关S．

②实验电路原理图如图乙，加接电阻R₀有两方面的作用，一是方便实验操作和数据测量，二是________________________________________________．

③为方便实验调节且能较准确地进行测量，滑动变阻器应选用　　　　 (填R₁或 R₂)．

④用笔画线代替导线在图丙中完成实物连接图．

⑤实验中，改变滑动变阻器的阻值，测出当电流表读数为I₁时，电压表读数为U₁；当电流表读数为I₂时，电压表读数为U₂．则新电池内阻的表达式r =　　　　　　 ．(用I₁、I₂、U₁、U₂和R₀表示)

32、(16分)多沙唑嗪盐酸盐是一种用于治疗高血压的药物。多沙唑嗪的合成路线如下：

(1)写出D中两种含氧官能团的名称：　　　 　和　　　 　。

(2)写出满足下列条件的D的一种同分异构体的结构简式　　 　　　　　　。

　　　 ①苯的衍生物，且苯环上的一取代产物只有两种；②与Na₂CO₃溶液反应放出气体；

　　　 ③水解后的产物才能与FeCl₃ 溶液发生显色反应。

(3)E→F的反应中还可能生成一种有机副产物，该副产物的结构简式为　　　　 　。

(4)由F制备多沙唑嗪的反应中要加入试剂X(C₁₀H₁₀N₃O₂Cl)，X的结构简式为　　 　。

(5)苯乙酸乙酯是一种常见的合成香料。请设计合理的方案以苯甲醛和乙醇为原料合成

　　　 苯乙酸乙酯(用合成路线流程图表示，并注明反应条件)。

　　　 提示：①R－Br+Na→R－CN+NaBr ；②合成过程中无机试剂任选；

　　　 ③合成路线流程图示例如下：

CH₃CH₂OH H₂C＝CH₂　　　　　　 BrH₂C－CH₂Br