2. Mr. Li is one of ______ in the hospital.
A. most popular doctors B. the most popular doctors
C. most popular doctor D. the most popular doctor
1. There are forty ______ in our school.
A. women teachers B .teacher women C. woman teachers D. women teacher
3.名词+介词 / 介词+名词
key to, visit to, at home, in surprise, after class, for ever, on time, at last, at first, for example...
【名词】
[例1](1)?How far is your school from here?
?Not very far. It's about twenty ______ walk.
A. minute's B. minutes’ C. minutes D. minute
(2)It is about ______ from the school to my home.
A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes’ walk
C. ten minutes’ s walk D. ten minute’s walk
分析 上述两题考查名词所有格的构成及用法。由句意可知空格处所填内容是表示距离的名词,选项中的名词minute和walk存在所有关系,因此必须用名词的所有格。名词所有格的’s也可以加在一个短语之后,若该短语最后一个名词的词尾是-s,则只加“’’。如:an hour’s ride, two weeks’ time。因而(1)、(2)小题答案均为B。
[例2] Have you seen ______ at the foot of the hill?
A. any sheep B. some sheeps C. any sheeps D. some sheep
分析 此题考查名词复数的特殊例子。sheep的单复数同形;any一般用在疑问句和否定句里,some用在肯定句里。
答案为A
[例3]?Who is the man in the blue car?
?He is ______father.
A. Kate's and Mary's B. Kate and Mary's C. Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary
分析 本题考查名词所有格的构成及方法。两个并列的所有格,只给第二个名词加“’s”。
[例4] (哈尔滨市,2003)---Where is Tom?
--- He’ s left a saying that he has something important to do.
A. excuse B. message C. exercise D. news
分析 此题考查名词的用法,由a知道选项A、C、D不行,故选B。
答案 选B
解后反思 an excuse(一个借口),an exercise(一个练习)……,news(新闻)是不可数名词。
[例5] (天津市,2003)He had something to write down and asked me for
A. a paper B. some papers C. some pieces of papers D. a piece of paper
分析 此题考查不可数名词的用法。Paper作“纸”讲时是不可数名词,故A、B、C可排除。
答案:选D
解后反思 paper当“试卷”、“文件”讲时是可数名词。类似的词还有:fish,chicken等。
【代词】
[例1] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1)This isn’t _______ (I) book, it must be _______ (you).
2)Is there any milk in the bottle?
Yes, there is ______ (little).
分析 第1小题第一空要用形容词性物主代词my,用于修饰名词book,第二空则要用名词性物主代词yours,相当于your book。第2小题应用a little表示肯定:“有一点儿”。
[例2] There are many trees on________ of the road.
A. both side B. each sides C. both sides D. every side
分析 此题主要考查不定代词both, each和every的用法。both为“两者”(都)”,作定语时,其后接复数名词;作主语时,要用复数谓语动词。either为“两者中间的任何一个(的)”,作定语时,后接单数可数名词;作主语时,要用单数谓语动词。every意为“每个(的)”,作定语,只用于三者或三者以上。又因马路road(rive,street等)只有两侧,所以正确答案只能是C。
[例3] 1) “Help ______ to some mooncakes”, Han Meimei said to the twins.
A. you B. oneself C. yourself D. yourselves
2) ?Put on your clothes when you go out.
?Thank you. Mum. I can look after______.
A. me B.I C. ourselves D. myself
分析 这是一组考查反身代词用法的试题。反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语和同位语,不能单独使用、不能替代主格代词,但可用在主格代词后以加强语气。还常用于某些短语中,如:by oneself独自,enjoy oneself 玩得愉快,teach oneself 自学,help oneself to…随便吃(用)……等。因此上二题答案均为D。
例4] (广东省,2003)There is with my computer. It doesn’ t work.
A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong C. wrong something D. something wrong
分析 本题考查形容词与不定代词的位置关系,形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后,而anything用于否定句和疑问句,由It doesn’ t work知选D。
答案:D
解后反思 考虑词的使用范围并结合语境是解决本题的关键。
【冠词】
[例1] 选择填空
1)Give me_______, please.
A. a cup tea B. two cup of tea C. two cup D. two cups of tea
2)The teacher passed me _____ paper.
A. a piece B. a piece of C. piece of D. a pair of
第1小题主要考查学生对可数名词与不可数名词的掌握情况,tea是不可数名词,不能用数量词直接修饰,但可以用容器表示量,表容器的名词可变为复数形式,即可以说two cups of tea,此题选D。第2小题答案选B。paper一词是不可数的,要表示“一张纸”,英语应为a piece of paper,不能说a paper。
[例2] _____ delicious food you have cooked!
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
分析 不定冠词表示数量,类似“-”,修饰单数可数名词。不可数名词前不可用a、an修饰。在感叹句“What a/an+ adj.+ n.+(主+谓)!”结构中,名词必是单数可数名词。若是不可数名词应用“What+ adj.+ n.+(主+谓)!”结构。句中food是不可数名词,故答案为D。
[例3] (1)We always have______ rice for ______lunch.
A. /; / B. the; / C. /; a D. the; the
(2)It’s half past four in the afternoon. The students are playing _____ basketball now.
A. / B. an C. a D. the
分析 下列情况不用任何冠词:1)专用名词(John、England)、物质名词(food,rice,water)等前;2)一日三餐的名词前;3)在表示球类运动的名词前。因此第(1)小题正确答案应为A;第(2)小题答案为A。
[例4] (天津市,2003)---What’ s the matter with you?
----I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed
A.a, / B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the]
分析 本题考查冠词的用法和习惯表达。躺在床上译为stay in bed,而感冒译为catch cold或catch a cold,但cold有形容词修饰时则a不可省略。
答案:选A
【数词】
[例1] 1) ______ books must he-produced for the children.
A. Many thousands B. Many thousands of
C. Many thousand of D. Many thousand
2) We've planted ______ trees in the centre of our city this year.
A. hundred B. tow hundreds C. hundred of D .hundreds of
分析本题考查数词的用法。当 thousand或 hundred做数词时,前面一般加数来修饰,其本身没有数的变化,且后不跟of。当它们做名词时,其复数形式为thousands和hundreds,且构成thousands of和hundreds of,后接可数名词的复数形式。
答案分别为 B、D
[例2] About ____ of the workers in the clothes factory are women.
A. third fifths B. third fifth C. three fifths D. three fifth
分析 此题主要考查英语的分数表示法。分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,分母的序数词后需加“s”。例如:1/3 one third;2/3:two thirds. 通过分析A、B、D三项均错,答案为C。
[例3] July is ________ month of the year.
A. seven B. the seventh C. eight D. the eighth
序数词用来表示数目的顺序,七月份是一年中的第七个月,第七个月的正确表达为the seventh month,所以此题的正确答案为B。
例4] (重庆市,2003)My favourite is getting stamps. I need before I have 2500 ones.
A. more one B. any more C. one more D. more than
分析 此题考查数词与more相结合的用法,数词+more表示还有(要)……,在此正好符合题意。
答案:选C
解后反思 more than是“多于”之意,any more用于否定句表示“不再”。
【形容词、副词】
[例1] In the exam, the ______ you are, the ______ mistakes you'll make.
A. careful; little B. more careful; less
C. more careful; few D. more careful; fewer
分析 “the+比较级……,the+比较级……”这个句型结构的意思是“越……就越……”或“愈是……则愈是……”。此结构中的比较级可以是形容词,也可以是副词。
答案D
[例2] I’m not sure whether Mary can sing ________ Mabel.
A. as well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as better as
分析 此题考查了两个知识点:(1)副词和形容词用法的区别:(2)as…as句式。句中谓语动词是行为动词,应选副词。B、C项应排除. as…as中间应用副词或形容词原级,所以答案应为A。
[例3] Let’s hope the things can get______.
A. better and better B. well and well C. good and good D. best and best
分析 答案为A。两个比较级并列在一起,表示“越来越……”之意,此句主要考查比较级特殊句型“more and more”结构,该句式表示持续不断变化,其动词常是become, be, get, grew等,又如:Spring has come. It is getting warmer and warmer.
[例4] (甘肃省,2003)I am I want a piece of bread
A. full B. hungry C. tired D. thirsty
分析 此题在语境中考查形容词的用法。由后句意“我要一块面包”说名与“饿”有关,故选B。
答案:选B。
[例5] (天津市,2003)In our city,it’ s in July, nut it is even in August.
A. hotter, hottest B. hot, hot C. hotter, hot D. hot, hotter
分析 此题考查形容词及比较级的用法。前空应填原级,后空有even修饰要用比较级,故选D。
答案:选D
解后反思 如下几个形容词的比较级和最高级要双写最后的辅音字母再加-er或-est。big-bigger-biggest,hot-hotter-hottest,fat-fatter-fattest,thin-thinner-thinnest,wet-wetter-wettest。简记为:大(big),热(hot),湿纸(wet),谁(肥,fat)瘦(thin)?(利用谐音记)
[例6] (山西省太原市,2002)The little girl likes animals. When she heard I would take her to the zoo, she looked at me.
A. happy B. happily C. angry D. angrily
分析 由句意知C、D可以排除,又此句中look at是行为动词而不是连系动词,故选B
答案:B
解后反思 形容词和副词都具有修饰作用,但是各自修饰的对象不同,形容词修饰名词,作定语,或在连系动词后作表语。而副词修饰行为动词,形容词或副词作状语。
【介词】
[例1] 用正确的介词填空。
1)The little girl is looking________ her mother.
2)Thank you ________ your help.
3)Don't read ________ bed.
4)Tom comes ________ the USA.
第1小题要填for,因为look for是一个固定词组,表示寻找的行为。第 2小题填 for,既可说 Thanks for…也可以说 Thank you for…,for后接名词。第3小题填 in。表示“在床上”in bed,一般不说 on bed。第 4小题come from一个固定短语,意思相当于be from,表示“来自…”。
[例2] China lies_______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
A. in; on B. to; to C. to; in D. in; to
解析 表示方位的介词in, on, to意义各不相同。在范围内的地方用in。China属于Asia范围内,故先用in;不在范围内的地方用to,若两地相连,则要用介词on, China和Japan不属同一范围且有海相隔,故选择to。因此答案为D。
【名词】
选择正确答案
2.形容词+介词,如:
afraid of, full of, angry with, strict with, busy with, good at, good/bad for, late for, sorry for, ready for, famous for, polite to, far from...
1.动词+介词,如:
listen to, laugh at, write to, hear from, get to, look at, shout at, shout to, knock at, look for, look at, ask for, wait for, get on, get to, put on, turn on, operate on, take off, turn off, learn from, worry about ...
6.表示“用”的with,by,in的用法
with多指用工具,用身体的部位或器官;by表示使用的方法、手段;in指使用某种语言。如:
We see with our eyes.
We go there by bike.
Please say it out in English.
He cut it open with a knife.
介词的省略
表示时间介词at, on, in 的省略
(1) 在 next, last, this, these, today, yesterday, tomorrow, one, every, each, all等词前,一般不用 at, in, on.
(2) 在某些名词词组前,可以省略(也可不省)如: (on) that day, (in)the year before last
常见搭配
5.over与above(under与below)
over,above都表示“在……的上面”,over表示“正上方”,而above只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”。above还可表示温度、水位等“高于”,over还可表示“越过……”。over的反义词是under,above的反义词是below.例如:
There is a bridge over the river
Our plane flew above the clouds.
4.表示时间的before与by的用法区别
before与by都可表示“在……之前”,但by含有“不迟于……”、“到……为止”的意思。如果by后是将来的时间,则与将来时连用,若by后是过去的时间,则与过去完成时连用。
3.表示“一段时间”的for与since的用法区别
for后面接时间段,since之后接时间点。
2. 表示地点的at,in,on的用法区别
(1) at通常指小地方,in一般指大地方。
(2) at 所指范围不太明确,in指“在……里”。
(3) in指在内部,on指“在……之上”。
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