1.议论文亦称说理文、论说文，是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据、和论证是不可缺少的三要素。　　　　　

3.下面表格是某地区居民近10年的消费变化，请根据要求写一篇文章，要求要求描述变化并得出结论，词数150左右。

	1998	2000	2003	2007
Food , drink and clothing	40%	35%	30%	25%
Transport and recreation	10%	15%	20%	25%
Education and housing	30%	35%	38%	40%
others	20%	15%	12%	10%

2.　　　 误点点拨：①改为it’s convenient for them, convenient的主语不可为人。

　　　　　　 ②them改为themselves。

　　　　　　 ③改为for example。注意后面应加上逗号，such as后面不能接句子。

画龙点睛：文章的第一段由于数据的堆砌使得句式单调，如40% have QQs.可改为the rate doubled。可将In 2006, about 50% of them owned QQs, and in 2007, 60% of them had QQs. 整合为一句，Likewise, it rose from about 50% in 2006 to 60% in 2007. 这样修改使句子更加简洁，避免了重复。

[范文]

As is shown in the chart, the rate of students who owned QQs increased in the past four years from 2004 to 2007. Back in 2004, only 20% of them have QQs; one year later, the rate becomes twice larger; compared with about 50% in 2006, the rate in 2007 rose to 60%. Clearly, it is tending to increase.

In my opinion, the increase can be accounted for two factors. For one thing, the widespread use of the Internet makes it convenient for students to communicate with each other. For another, QQ provides all kinds of entertainments, such as playing games and enjoying music. What’s more, QQ has gradually become the main means for the public to know the latest news. Personally, students should make proper use of and not be addicted to QQ, and only so can it serve its purpose beautifully.

[即学即练]

1.　　　 总体评价：本文是一篇叙议结合的短文，要点基本齐全。作者首先简要描述了变化，并在第二段就QQ流行的原因做了说明，最后提出建议。此外，本文作者合理使用了一些关联词和过度词语，使文章前后连贯，内容紧凑，过渡自然，提高了文章的得分档次。但是由于第一段过于单调，减去2分，加上出现一些明显的词语用法错误，使得文章失分不少。

4.图表作文的写作模板

As is shown in the table (or in the picture), ___________ dropped from ___________ in 1994 to ___________ in 1996___________ According to the figures given in the table, ___________ has great increased (or decreased) in the past … years (or decades), reaching ___________ in 1996.　 From the table we can also see that there has been a sharp decline (or rise) in …　　 It is clear that …

　　　 There are at least two good reasons for ___________ For one thing, ___________. Let’s have an example to illustrate the great increase in ___________.For another thing, ___________ is due to the fact that ___________. In addition, ___________ is responsible for ___________.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ___________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.

As far as I am concerned, ___________. So my conclusion is that ___________. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

[真题体验]

(请根据对某校2004-2007年这段时间学生中拥有QQ号人数的调查写一篇文章，要求描述变化并得出结论，词数150左右。

[学生习作]

With the development of the Internet, nowadays many students own QQs. According to the chart, in 2004, only 20% of the students had QQs, but in 2005, 40% had QQs. In 2006, about 50% of them owned QQs, and in 2007, 60% of them had QQs.

So there is no doubt that QQ has been very popular among middle school students. There are many reasons for that. First, (-2分)①they are very convenient to communicate with each other. Second, they can entertain (-1分)②them through QQ, (-2分)③such as they can play games, enjoy music and even watch TV. QQ’s functions are becoming more and more. As a result, it has even provided the latest news especially entertainment, so they needn’t read newspapers. Personally, students should make proper use of and not be addicted to QQ, and then it can serve its purpose beautifully. (得分档次：第四档，18分)

[习作评析]

3.归纳总结或发表看法。常用短语和句型: in a word, in short, It’s clear from the chart that…， We can draw the conclusion that …， We can learn/know that…等。

2.分析数据见的主要差异及趋势，可采用分类式或对比式，并阐明理由。

1) 写好图表作文的关键是记住一些常用的词和短语。例如：

描述图表变化趋势的词语：

上升：increase/ rise/ go up/ shoot up；下降：decrease/ reduce/ come down/ decline/ drop/ fall； 快：quickly/ rapidly/ sharply/ dramatically； 慢：slowly/ gradually/ slightly；持续不变：level off/ remain steady/ remain unchanged

常用句型：在表格描述中常用as-clause。如： As is shown in…；As can be seen from…。

表达比较与对比法常用句式与词语：

There are a lot of similarities between … and…；…is similar to…；similarly, likewise, in comparison, just like;

The difference between … and … lies in…；on the contrary, in contrast, on the other hand

分析原因的词语：

lead to, result in, cause, be responsible for, account for, contribute to

表示一段时间始末的词组：

between 1986 and 1990; during/over the period from 1986 to 1990…

2) 重点要突出：在行文过程中要注意，不要盲目地引用过多的或全部的表格上数据，不要做毫无目的、没有主次的数据的堆砌。除了可以直接引用有代表性的关键数字外，应该有目的地进行简单的计算，指出增减的百分比、倍数或绝对数字来。

1.开门见山地点明该该图表所反映的主题。经常使用的词汇有：table, chart, figure, graph, describe, tell, show, represent等。

3.参考词汇： 莲花峰 Lotus Flower Peak 温泉 hot spring 好客的 hospitable

Dear Lijun,

This is my first time to visit Mountain Huangshan. __________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

If possible, I advise you to experience its unique beauty by yourself.

Yours,

Wanglin

三 描述图表

[写作指导]

高考中的图表作文要求考生在对图表中相关数据进行仔细说明、分析、比较的基础上，归纳出数据的增减变量，从而总结出图表所反映的主题、意向、趋势和潜在含义，继而从中推导出合乎逻辑的结论和看法。考生可从以下三个方面着手：

4. ……

注意：1.词数150左右，信的格式及开头以为你写好(不记入总词数)。