1. 以一般过去时为主, 各种时态为辅, 合理地使用丰富多彩的动词时态是记叙文的首要语言特点。

记叙文是所有文体写作的基础。它是记叙人物的经历和事情发生、发展、变化过程的文章。

记叙文的写作要领：

1?内容完整，交代清楚文章的六大要素。

2?线索清楚，注意叙述的主要线索和次要线索，只有这样才能使文章有较强的条理性。

2.　　　 取材适当。对于一个事件来说，有很多相关的细节，不可能把它们都包括在一篇短文之中，所以在叙述的时候，一定要做到详略得当、取舍适当。这样一来，文章的主题就会更加突出，主次就会更加分明。

(三)记叙文的语言特点：

4.假如你居住的城市将开始老城改造工程，其中包括拆除具有历史意义的古老建筑。你们班对此展开讨论，请根据以下结果写一篇文章：

要求：词数150左右,文章的开头已给出，不计入词数　 参考词汇：载体 carrier 拆除 demolish

Our class recently has had a heated discussion about whether the historic old buildings should be demolished. Opinions vary from one to another.________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

2.误点点拨：①has改为have。

　　　　　　 ②在to后加上be。

　　　　　　 ③remains decided remains to be decided。

[范文]

June 3 ,2005

Dear Editor ,

　　　 Recently ,our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of my classmates are in favor of the move. They say large crowds of tourists to the zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moved, animals will have more space and better living conditions in the suburbs. However ,other students are against the idea, saying that the Beijing Zoo, built in 1906, has a history of 100 years ,and is well –known at home and abroad .So it should remain where it is .What’s more ,moving may cause the death of some animals. To move or not, this is a big decision which has to be made by people in Beijing.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours truly,

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Li Hua

[即学即练]

1.总体评价：文章结构严谨，条理清晰，作者也使用到了不少高级句型。但是，由于动词时态错误较多(-3分)，且出现了比较大的语态错误，导致文章得分降低。时态错误有两处：Some for the move offered the following reasons.中的offered应该改为offer，There was no doubt that…中的was改为is。

3．参考词汇： 郊区-suburb

June 3, 2005

Dear Editor ,

　　　 Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

[学生习作]

June 3, 2005

Dear Editor ,

　　　 Recently, our class have had a heated discussion about whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Opinions are divided on it. Some for the move offered the following reasons. On one hand, too many tourists(-2分)①has led to the present heavy traffic jams. On the other hand, the suburb(-2分) ②is bound to a deal place for the animals to live in with better environment. However, other students against the idea also have their sound reasons. There was no doubt that the Beijing Zoo which was built in as early as 1906, is known at home and abroad. To make things worse, some animals will suffer death easily as a result of the move. In a word, it(-2分) ③remains decided about the decision.(得分档次：第四档16分)

[习作评析]

2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

4.议论文不同类型模板：

1).不同观点列举型(选择型)：

There is a widespread concern over the issue that　 作文题目　 . But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. Some people think that 　观点一. In their views, there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, 　原因一 . Furthermore, in the second place, 原因二 .

People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that 观点二 . In their point of view, on the one hand, 原因一 . On the other hand, 原因二 . Therefore, there is no doubt that　 观点二 .

As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that 观点一或二 . It is not only because ____　　　 , but also because　　　　　　 . The more　　　　　 , the more　　　　 　./ On when we… can we do__________.

2).权衡利弊型：

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)　 作文题目　 .In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in 题目议题 . Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspect as follows. Firstly, 优点一 . And secondly, 优点二 . Just as a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides and　 讨论议题 is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, 缺点一 . In addition, 缺点二 . To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 讨论议题 into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we definitely make a better use of the 讨论议题 .

3).问题与建议：

In recent days, we have to face a problem that ____________.

解决方法：With the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it. By doing _____________, we can___________. What’s the most important is that_____________.

结论: In a word, it is clear/obvious that _____________. Only when ________ can we________.

[真题体验]

(2005，全国Ⅱ)假设你是李华，最近国内一家英文报纸正在讨论北京动物园是否应迁出市区。以下是你所在班级讨论的情况。请你给该报写一封信，反映讨论结果。

注意：1．词数100字左右，信的开头已为你写好。

3. 议论文常用的逻辑联系词语包括：in my opinion, personally, for the sake of, clearly, obviously, surely, undoubtedly, hence, moreover, besides, in addition, what’s more, additionally, furthermore,　 first(ly), to begin with, second (ly), last(ly), first of　 all, most important of all, on the other hand, worse still, on the contrary, as a result / consequence, consequently , generally speaking, last but not the least(最后但并不是最不重要的一点; 最后的一项要点是)　 in short, all in all, in conclusion, in brief 等。

2. 议论文的语言特点：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

1) 时态的使用相对比较广泛，根据行文的需要可以使用任何时态;　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2) 主动语态、陈述句式为主，被动语态和虚拟语气在议论文中也经常使用;　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　3) 恰当地使用过渡词语和一些固定句型。