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12.(10年四川卷)丝绸之路是汉代中外交流的见证。图7中①所示中国通往南亚、中亚的交通要冲是

 A.葱岭   B.玉门关   C.大宛   D.安息

[答案]:A

[解析]:从于阗往西出国境应是“葱岭”,而玉门关在阳关以北,C、D两项在国外。

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27.(10年新课标卷)表2 明代洪武至弘治年间(1368--1505)徽州祁门土地买卖契约情况表

时间
使用通货类别及契约张数
洪武年间至永乐年间
宝钞23、银1、布1
宣德年间至景泰年间
宝钞4、银27、布42、稻谷4
天顺年间至弘治年间
银52、稻谷1

 表2反映了

A.宝钞在民间的信用降低      B.社会经济大幅度衰退

C.生活资料均可作为支付手段    D.白银始终是主要流通货币

解析:此题考查学生获取和解读的能力。通过对图表的解读,故选A。

(10年四川卷)农耕文化塑造了中国传统社会的基本面貌,影响深远。回答16-17题。 16.“重农抑商”的观念与政策对中国传统社会产生了重要影响。下列理解错误的是

A.重农抑商政策并不禁止商人追求利润

B.重农抑商观念是中国农耕社会的产物

C.重农抑商政策提升了战国时秦国国力

D.重农抑商观念在明清时期已基本瓦解

[答案]:D

[解析]:D项错在“基本瓦解”,应为“受到一定冲击”(资本主义萌芽及早期民主启蒙思想)。

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13.(10年广东卷) 北魏均田制实行后,文献中出现了“庄园”一词,指被圈占的成片土地。唐代均田制实行后,“庄园”一词的使用更普遍。这反映了均田制实施后

A. 井田制得以恢复      B.不存在土地私有现象

C. 仍存在土地集中现象    D. 庄园由中央直接管理

[解析]C 庄园指被圈占的成片土地,证明仍存在土地集中现象。(疑:“庄园”一词,是不是北魏之后出现的?汉代的豪强地主没有庄园么?)

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10.Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy    .

    A.would have been saved                 B.had been saved

    C.will be saved                        D.was saved

答案: A

考点:本题考查虚拟语气。

解析:根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气,原形是:If I had known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy    .故选择A。句意为:如果我早知道这个电脑程序,就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。

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34. --The weather has been very hot and dry.

   --Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables  .

    A. wouldn't die          B. didn't die

    C. hadn't died          D. wouldn't have died

答案:D

考点:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。

解析:第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了,现在的情况就好的多了!我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨,所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldn't have died.

If+ had done,主句为couldn’t/ shouldn't/ wouldn't have done.

(10浙江)

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76. Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention ________ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)

答案:(should) be discussed

考点:虚拟语气

解析:“insist”引导的宾语从句要用虚拟,从句结构是 “should”(可省略)加动词原形,主语 “problem” 是要“被讨论”。

(10北京)

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15. If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. 

A. take  B. had taken   C. took   D. have taken

答案:B.

解析:考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语,根据主句的谓语动词形式might have arrived可知题干是与过去事实相反,故所填部分用had+过去分词形式,选B。

(10湖北)

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34. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.

A. focus    B. focused     C. would  focus   D. had focused

答案:选B

解析:would rather后应用虚拟语气,表示与现在时间相反,用动词的过去式

(陕西)

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15. John went to the hospital alone. If he       me about it, I would have gone with him.

A. should tell   B. tells    C. told    D. had told  

答案:D.

考点:考查虚拟语气。

句意:约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话,我会跟他一起去的。

解析:前一句是陈述语气,说明动发生在过去,而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构,应该用had +过去分词。

(10江苏)

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29. If he      my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

   A. followed       B. should follow      C. had followed       D. would follow   答案:C

考点:考查虚拟语气。

解析:根据“wouldn’t have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故选C项。

(10天津)

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