3.如图甲所示,一带电粒子以水平初速度v0(v0<)先后进入方向互相垂直的匀强电场和匀强磁场区域.已知电场方向竖直向下,两个区域的宽度相同且紧邻在一起.在带电粒子穿过电场和磁场的过程中(其所受重力忽略不计),电场和磁场对粒子所做的总功为W1;若将电场和磁场正交重叠,如图乙所示,粒子仍以水平初速度v0穿过重叠场区,在带电粒子穿过电场和磁场的过程中,电场和磁场对粒子所做的总功为W2.比较W1和W2,则( )
A.一定是W1>W2
B.一定是W1=W2
C.一定是W1<W2
D.可能是W1<W2,也可能是W1>W2 甲 乙
解析:磁场对粒子不做功,故W=qU.无论粒子带正电还是带负电,进入磁场时所受到的洛伦兹力的方向都与电场力的方向相反,故图乙中洛伦兹力使电荷向电场力方向的偏转位移变小,或者使电荷向电场力的反方向偏转,故W2<W1.
答案:A
2.如图所示,M、N两平行金属板间存在着正交的匀强电场和匀强磁场,一不计重力的带电粒子从O点以初速度v沿着和两板平行的方向射入场区后,做匀速直线运动,经过时间t1飞出场区;如果两板间只有电场,粒子仍以原来的速度v从O点进入电场,经过时间t2飞出电场;如果两板间只有磁场,粒子仍以原来的速度v从O点进入磁场,经过时间t3飞出磁场,则t1、t2、t3之间的关系为( )
A.t1=t2<t3 B.t2>t1>t3
C.t1=t2=t3 D.t1>t2=t3
解析:设板长为l,当两板间有正交的电场和磁场时,t1=;当两板间只有电场时,把粒子的受力和运动都沿水平和竖直方向分解,水平方向的分运动为匀速运动,故t2=;当两板间只有磁场时,粒子做圆周运动,速率保持不变,运动路程l′>l,故t3>.
答案:A
1.如图所示,空间存在着方向竖直向下的匀强电场E和垂直纸面向里的匀强磁场B,现有一个质量为m的带电液滴在竖直平面内做圆周运动,下列说法不正确的是( )
A.液滴在运动过程中的速率不变
B.液滴所带电荷一定为负电荷,电荷量大小为
C.液滴一定沿顺时针方向运动
D.液滴可以沿逆时针方向运动,也可以沿顺时针方向运动
解析:液滴能做圆周运动,说明它所受到的合外力等于洛伦兹力,qE=mg,F合=qvB,而洛伦兹力只改变带电粒子的运动方向,故选项A、B正确;又由左手定则可知,液滴应沿顺时针方向旋转,故选项C正确、D错误.
答案:D
23. makes the school famous is many students in this school have been admitted to famous universities.
A.What;because B.That;because C.Whether;that D.What;that
答案 D
22.Mr. Hopkins has not yet answered my question I can go with him to he calls the
Underground Treasure House next week.
A.that;which B.that;where C.whether;that D.whether;what
答案 D
21.The car manufacturer is much more productive.This year’s production is three times it was five years ago.
A.what B.that C.than D.as
答案 A
20.So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.
A.how B.what C.which D.that
答案 D
19.The news excited both the teachers and the students in our school we will move to the new
campus before the new term.
A.as B.while C.when D.that
答案 D
18.Do you have any idea computer plays such an important part in our daily life?
A.when is it that B.how it is that C.that it is what D.what it is that
答案 B
17.After five days’ climbing in the mountain,they reached they thought was the place they’d
been dreaming of.
A.that B.where C.which D.what
答案 D
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