4. What is the main idea of this passage?

　 A. We should balance work with rest.

B. The Sabbath gives us permission to rest.

C. It is silly for anyone to say “I am busy.”

D. We should be available to our family and friends.

[答案]A

[思路分析]此题考查主旨、要义。全文都在探讨休息对我们的好处。

3. Some people feel guilty when taking time to rest because they _______.

A. think that taking a rest means lacking ambitions

B. fail to realize that rest is an essential part of life

C. fail to realize that religions force them to rest

D. think that taking a rest means being lazy

[答案]B

[思路分析]此题考查细节理解。由最后一段第一句可知，休息和放松是我们生理和精神的需要，可是我们强烈的成功欲望使我们在休息的时候感到内疚。

2. According to Paragraph 4, a successful person is one who is believed to _______.

A. be able to work without stress

B. be more talented than other people

C. be more important than anyone else

D. be busying working without time to rest

[答案]D

[思路分析]此题考查细节理解。第四段最后一句话可知，我们越忙碌，就说明我们对他人越重要；忙得没有时间和朋友、家人聚会，没有时间娱乐放松，才是成功的生活。由此可知D正确。

1. The “alarm” in the first paragraph refers to “_______”.

　 A. a signal of stress

B. a warning of danger

C. a sign of age

D. a spread of disease

[答案]B

[思路分析]此题考查猜测词义。由第一段第二句中的“wear himself out and die an early death”他筋疲力尽而过早死去，可推知。

1. (2008·湖北卷)D

词数：353　 体裁：议论文　 难度：4　 文章标题：腾出时间休息Spare Time to Rest

One morning a few years ago, Harvard President Neil Rudenstine overslept. For this busy man, it was a sort of alarm: after years of non-stop hard work, he might wear himself out and die an early death.

Only after a week’s leave—— during which he read novels, listened to music and walked with his wife on a beach—— was Rudenstine able to return to work.

In our modern life, we have lost the rhythm between action and rest. Amazingly, within this world there is a universal but silly saying: “I am so busy.”

We say this to one another as if our tireless efforts were a talent by nature and an ability to successfully deal with stress. The busier we are, the more important we seem to ourselves and, we imagine, to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family, and to be unable to find time to relax—— this has become the model of a successful life.

Because we do no rest, we lose our way. We miss the guide telling us where to go, the food providing us with strength, the quiet giving us wisdom.

How have we allowed this to happen? I believe it is this: we have forgotten the Sabbath, the day of the week—— for followers of some religions—— for rest and praying. It is a day when we are not supposed to work, a time when we devote ourselves to enjoying and celebrating what is beautiful. It is a good time to bless our children and loved ones, give thanks, share meals, walk and sleep. It is a time for us to take a rest, to put our work aside, trusting that there are larger forces at work taking care of the world.

Rest is s spiritual and biological need; however, in our strong ambition to be successful and care for our many responsibilities, we may feel terribly guilty when we take time to rest. The Sabbath gives us permission to stop work. In fact, “Remember the Sabbath” is more than simply permission to rest; it is a rule to obey and a principle to follow.

18.(四川卷)用波长为的紫外线照射钨的表面，释放出来的光电子中最大的动能是4.7。由此可知，钨的极限频率是(普朗克常量h=6.63·s)，光速c=3.0/s，结果取两位有效数字)

A．5.5Hz　 B .7.9Hz　 C . 9.8Hz　　 D .1.2Hz

答案：B

[解析]根据光电效应方程，在恰好发生光电效应时最大出动能为0有，且，综合化简得

Hz

16.(浙江卷) 在光电效应实验中，飞飞同学用同一光电管在不同实验条件下得到了三条光电流与电压之间的关系曲线(甲光、乙光、丙光)，如图所示。则可判断出

A. 甲光的频率大于乙光的频率

B. 乙光的波长大于丙光的波长

C. 乙光对应的截止频率大于丙光的截止频率

D. 甲光对应的光电子最大初动能大于丙光的光电子最大初动能

答案：B

37．(山东卷)[物理-物理3-4] (4分)(2)如图所示，一段横截面为正方形的玻璃棒，中间部分弯成四分之一圆弧形状，一细束单色光由MN端面的中点垂直射入，恰好能在弧面EF上发生全反射，然后垂直PQ端面射出。

①求该玻璃棒的折射率。

②若将入射光向N端平移，当第一次射到弧面EF上时______(填“能”“不能”或“无法确定能否”)发生全反射。

解析：(2)①如图，临界角C=45°，

②入射角大于临界角，能。

19.(福建卷)(1)(6分)某同学利用“插针法”测定玻璃的折射率，所用的玻璃砖两面平行，正确操作后，作出的光路图及测出的相关角度如图所示，①此玻璃的折射率计算式为n=________(用图中的θ₁、θ₂ 表示)；②如果有几块宽度大小不同的平行玻璃砖可供选择，为了减小误差，应选用宽度______________________．(填“大”或“小”)的玻璃砖采测量。

解析：

(1)①(或)　　 ②大

12.(江苏卷)[选做题]C.(选修模块3-5)(12分)

(1)研究光电效应电路如图所示，用频率相同、强度不同的光分别照射密封真空管的钠极板(阴极K)，钠极板发射出的光电子被阳极A吸收，在电路中形成光电流。下列光电流I与A\K之间的电压的关系图象中，正确的是　　 .

(2)钠金属中的电子吸收光子的能量，从金属表面逸出，这就是光电子。光电子从金属表面逸出的过程中，其动量的大小___▲____(选填“增大、“减小”或“不变”)， 原因是___▲____。

(3)已知氢原子处在第一、第二激发态的能级分别为-3.4eV和-1.51eV， 金属钠的截止频率为Hz, 普朗克常量h=Js.请通过计算判断，氢原子从第二激发态跃迁到第一激发态过程中发出的光照射金属钠板， 能否发生光电效应。

[解析](1)选C 本题考查光电效应规律

(2)减小；光电子受到金属表面层中力的阻碍作用(或需要克服逸出功)

(3)氢原子放出的光子能量,带入数据的

金属钠的逸出功，带入数据得

因为，所以不能发生光电效应。