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66.Most of his spare time ____spent in reading.

A. are         B. were         C. was       D. have been

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65. Either you or I _____going to the teachers‘ office after class.

A. am          B. is          C. are       D. will

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64.Tom as well as two of his classmates _____invited to the party.

A. was         B. were         C. have been    D. had been

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63.Both the secretary and the manager _____agreed to attend the meeting.

A. has         B. have         C. are       D. was

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62.The secretary and manager ____very busy now.

A. is          B. are          C. was       D. were

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61.The old ____well looked after by the government in China.

A. is         B. are          C. has been    D. was

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1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English. A. am          B. is        C. are         D. be 2. The rich ____ not always happy. A. are          B. is        C. has         D. have 3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students. A. are          B. am         C. is          D. was 4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China. A. are studying     B. have studied   C. studies      D. study 5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home. A. am          B. is         C. are         D. be 6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters., A. are;are        B. am;am        C. am;are       D. is;is 7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party. A. wish         B. wishes      C. is like       D. like 8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants. A.was          B.is        C. would be      D.are 9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world. A.is          B.are        C.has          D.have 10. Every means ____ tried but without any result. A. have been      B.is to be     C.are to be      D. has been 11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule. A. was punished     B. punished     C. were punished    D. being punished 12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon. A.is          B.was        C.are         D.is being 13. The great writer and professor____. A. is an old man              B. are both old men C. is an old man and a young man      D. were two Chinese 14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are          B.is        C.has         D.have 15. A large number of students in our class____ girls. A. are          B. was       C. is         D. be 16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are. A. doesn' t change    B.don't change  ge     ged 17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English. A. is           B. are        C. was       D. were 18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published. A. has been        B.have been     C.was        D.is 19. A chemical works____ built there. A. is to being       B.have been    C. were to     D.has been 20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years. A.is;four         B.are;four     C.is;five      D.are;five 21 .The United States of America___one of the most developed countries in the world. A.is             B.are       C.was        D.were 22.He is the only one of die students who ____ elected. A. are           B.have        C.has        D.is 23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked. A.have           B.has       C. have been    D.has been 24.Many a man ____ come to help us. A.have           B.has       C.is         D.are 25."All____ present and all____ going on well," our monitor said. A.is;is          B.are;are     C.are;is       D.is;are 26. The police ____ the murderer everywhere  when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for             B. were searching for C. are searching for            D. were searching 27.Your trousers____ dirty. You must have____ washed. A.is;il        B.are; it        C.are; them     D.is; them 28.This pair of trousers ____ too long for him. A.is         B.be          C.are        D.were 29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table. A.is          B.are         C.has       D.have 30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four. A.is          B.are         C.get       D.equal 31 .Ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call. A.seems        B.seem         C.seemed      D.seemes 32.____of the money____ nm out. A. Three-fifth; has              B. Three-fifth; has been C. Three-fifths; has             D. Three-fifths; have 33. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively. A. are listening to              B. is listening to C.are listening                D. is listening 34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult. A.is          B.are          C.was       D.were 35. Between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building. A.stand        B.stands         C. standing    D.are 36. Large quantities of water ____ for irrigation. A. is needed      B. has -needed     C. are needed    D. need 37. That they were wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all. A. is         B.was         C.are        D.all 38.What we need____ good textbooks. A.is          B.are           C.have        D.has 39. What you said just now____ the matter we are discussing. A.have something to at             B. has something to do with C.had something to do with         D.has been something to do with 40. More than one member ____ against the plan. A. is        B.are          C.has       D.have 41. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet. A. has not decided             B. is not decided C. are not decided             D. have not decided 42. Half of the fruit ____ bad. A. are        B. has          C. is       D. have 43. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently? A. Have       B. Had          C. Has       D. Is 44. Mathematics ____ the language of science.   A. are       B. are going to be    C. is        D. is to be 45. My family ____ small.      A. is        B. were          C. are      D. makes 46. The following ____ some other examples.   A. are        B. is           C. was      D. were 47. They both have some friends; but his ____ more active. A. is        B. will be        C. was      D. are 48. Both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country. A. is        B. are           C. was      D. has 49. Early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.  A. are        B. is           C. were      D. was 50. To play basketball and to go swimming ___ useful for character-training. A. was        B. is           C. are       D. were 51. Either he or I ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening. A. is        B. am           C. are       D. be 52. ____ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening. A. is        B. am           C. are       D. be 53. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here. A. are        B. were          C. is       D. will 54. She as well as her brother ____ a League member.        A. are        B. were          C. will       D. is 55. His family ____ a big one. Now the family ____ watching TV. A. is, are      B. are, is        C. is, is      D. are, are 56. It is I who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow.        A. is         B. am           C. are       D. be 57. More than 60% of the students ____ the countryside.   A. is         B. are           C. is from     D. are from 58. Many a man ____ the novel.      A. has read      B. have read        C. is read     D. are read 59. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim this afternoon. A. is         B. was          C. are       D. were 60. Here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you. A. are         B. is           C. was       D. were

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2.前18号元素的原子结构的特殊性

   (1)原子核中无中子的原子1 H

   (2)最外层有1个电子的元素:H、Li、Na

   (3)最外层有2个电子的元素:Be、Mg、He

   (4)最外层电子数等于次外层电子数的元素:Be、Al。

   (5)最外层电子数是次外层电子数2倍的元素:C;是次外层电子数3倍的元素:O;是次外层电子数4倍的元素:Ne。

   (6)电子层数与最外层电子数相等的元素:H、Be、A1。·

   (7)电子总数为最外层电子数2倍的元素:Be。

   (8)次外层电子数是最外层电子数2倍的元素:S  :

   (9)内层电子数是最外层电子数2倍的元素:Li、P

   掌握了上述一些结构特点及规律可以迅速推断元素及其原子序数等。   ,

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1.核外有10个电子的微粒:

   (1)分子:Ne、HF、H20、NH3、CH4

   (2)阳离子:Mg2+、Na+、Al3+、NH4+、H30+

   (3)阴离子:N3-、O2-、F-、OH-、NH2-

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6.元素的性质与元素的原子核外电子排布的关系

  (1)稀有气体的不活泼性:稀有气体元素的原子最外层有8个电子(氦是2个电子),处于稳定结构,因此化学性质稳定,一般不跟其他物质发生化学反应。

  (2)非金属性与金属性(一般规律):

 
最外层电子数
得失电子趋势
元素的性质
金属元素
<4
较易失
金属性
非金属元素
>4
较易得
非金属性

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