3. used to 过去常做某事
[典例]
used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事,有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态,但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此,这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。
1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.
[短语归纳]
get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事,该词组有各种时态
be used to do sth.被用于做……
[练习] 选择正确的答案
1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus.
A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked
2). Wood _______________ paper and other things.
A. is used to make B. is used to making
C. used to make D. used to making
Keys:
1). A 2). A
2. stand for 代表;象征;表示
[典例]
1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。
2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.
我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。
[短语归纳]
stand by袖手旁观;无动于衷
stand by sb支持;帮助;忠于
stand out(from/as)显眼;突出
stand up站起;站立;起立
[练习] 中译英
1). 无论如何,我都支持你。
2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。
Keys:
1). I’ll stand by you whatever happens.
2). I condemn fascism and all it stands for.
1. take part in 参与;参加
[典例]
1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?
有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?
2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment?
你们会参与首次实验吗?
[短语归纳]
take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人;站在某……边
have a part to play能帮助;能在……中发挥作用
have/play a part(in sth)参与某事
for the most part多半;通常
[练习] 中译英
1). 他母亲总是护着他。
2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。
Keys: 1). His mother always takes his part.
2). She plays an active part in local politics.
5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得
[典例]
1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。
2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。
[重点用法]
deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做
[练习] 中译英
1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). She deserves a reward for her efforts.
2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment.
4. promise v. & n. 允诺;答应
[典例]
1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。
2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。
[重点用法]
promise to do sth.答应做某事
promise sb. sth.答应某人某事
promise +that 从句 答应……
make a promise许下诺言
keep a promise遵守诺言
carry out a promise履行诺言
break a promise违背诺言
[练习] 中译英
1). 我得让你遵守诺言。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise.
2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best.
3. bargain n.协议;廉价物;v.(与某人)讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判
[典例]
1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。
2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。
3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。
[重点用法]
make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议
bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人讨价还价
[练习] 中译英
1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 工会为缩短工作周而(与资方)讨价还价。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there.
2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week.
2. charge n. 费用;v. 指控;收费
[典例]
1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。
2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。
[重点用法]
in/under the charge of 在某人照看(掌管)下
in charge of处于控制或支配(某人[某事物])的地位:
[练习] 中译英
1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 这儿谁负责?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson.
2). Who's in charge here?
1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入;接纳,接受某人(入院入学等);承认,招认
[典例]
1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。
2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。
3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。
4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。
[重点用法]
admit (doing)sth.承认某事/做了某事
admit that +从句 承认……
[练习] 中译英
1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 不准那个人进来。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car.
2). That man is not to be admitted.
1. advertise
vt. 做广告; 登广告 |
advertisement
n. 广告 |
advertising n. 做广告(作定语) |
2. replace
v. 代替, 取代 |
replacement
n. 代替, 取代 |
replaceable adj. 可代替的; |
3. interview v. n. 面试,
面谈; 采访 |
interviewee (面试中)受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者 |
interviewer主持面试者; 接见者;
采访者 |
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) Cigarette ________ should be banned. (advertise) 2) They ________ their services on TV. (advertise) 3) If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an _________ in the local paper? (advertise) 4) They will find a ________ for Sue while she is ill (replace) 5) Can anything _________ a mother's love? (replace) 6) Can you find a _________ book? (replace) 7) We __________ 20 people for the job. (interview) 8) I've got an _________ with National Chemicals. (interview) Keys: 1) advertising 2) advertise 3) advertisement 4) replacement 5) replace 6) replaceable 7) interviewed 8) interview |
1. make sure/be sure/for sure |
[解释] make sure 意为“确保”“弄清楚”,后接介词短语或从句。 be sure 后接不定式时,意为“一定”“必定”“准会”;若跟of、about短语或从句时,作“肯定”“有把握”解释;to be sure 作插入语时,意为“的确”“诚然”。 for sure 意为“肯定的”“毫无问题地”。 |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Have you ________ of the time of the train? 2). _________ to write and tell me all the news. 3). She is not pretty, _______, but she is very clever. 4). She won’t lend me any money,and that’s _______. Keys: 1). made sure 2). Be sure 3). to be sure 4). for sure |
2. in charge of/in the charge of |
[解释] in charge of 表示“主管”,“看管”,“负责”。 in the charge of 表示“在……掌管之下;由……掌管” |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). He is _______ the school. 2). The school is _______ him. Keys: 1). in charge of 2). in/under the charge of |
3. compete / contest |
[解释] compete 表示“为了争得名次、奖金,合同等”,并不含有将对手征服的意思。 contest 所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛,也可以是有敌意的竞赛,旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等,此外还可以表示赢得选举。 |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). The children _________ against each other t reach the other end of the pool. 2). The soldiers ________ every inch of ground. Keys: 1). compete 2). contested |
4. basis / base / foundation |
[解释] basis 主要用作抽象或引申意义。 base 侧重指构成或支撑某一物体的基础,也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。 foundation 用于具体意义时,侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基,用作比喻意义时,与basis基本相同。 |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). All dams need sound _________. 2). The vase falls over a lot because the ________ is too small. 3). The ______ of her opinion is something she read in the magazine. Keys: 1). foundations 2). base 3). basis |
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