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3.    used to   过去常做某事

[典例]

used to, would这两个词语都可以表示过去常做某事,有时可以换用。但used to do强调过去习惯性的行为或状态,但是现在没有这种行为或状态了。因此,这个短语的内涵是今昔对比。

1). There used to be only low and dirty houses in our village.

[短语归纳]

get/be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于某物/做某事,该词组有各种时态

be used to do sth.被用于做……

[练习] 选择正确的答案

1). Jack is used to ___________ to school, but today he came by bus.

A. walk             B. walking           C. walks            D. walked

2). Wood _______________ paper and other things.

A. is used to make                          B. is used to making

C. used to make                        D. used to making

Keys:

1). A    2). A

试题详情

2. stand for 代表;象征;表示

[典例]

1). The sign X stands for an unknown number. 符号X表示一个未知数。

2). My mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.

  我妈妈主张对待一切孩子都要慈爱。

[短语归纳]

stand by袖手旁观;无动于衷

stand by sb支持;帮助;忠于

stand out(from/as)显眼;突出

stand up站起;站立;起立

 [练习] 中译英

1). 无论如何,我都支持你。

2). 我谴责法西斯主义及其代表的一切。

Keys:

1). I’ll stand by you whatever happens.

2). I condemn fascism and all it stands for.

试题详情

1. take part in 参与;参加

[典例]

1). How many countries took part in the last Olympic Games?

   有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会?

2). Are you going to take part in the first experiment?

   你们会参与首次实验吗?

[短语归纳]

take one's part(在辩论中)支持某人;站在某……边

have a part to play能帮助;能在……中发挥作用

have/play a part(in sth)参与某事   

for the most part多半;通常

[练习] 中译英

1). 他母亲总是护着他。

2). 她积极参与地方政治活动。

Keys: 1). His mother always takes his part.

   2). She plays an active part in local politics.

试题详情

5. deserve vt. & vi. 应得; 值得

[典例]

1). The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。

2). They deserve to be sent to prison. 他们应该入狱。

[重点用法]

deserve doing = deserve to be done值得做

[练习] 中译英

1). 她积极努力, 应得到奖赏。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2).如果你做错事就应受到惩罚。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:  1). She deserves a reward for her efforts.       

2). If you do wrong, you deserve punishing / to be punished / punishment.

试题详情

4. promise v. & n. 允诺;答应

[典例]

1). I told him the truth under a promise of secrecy. 我在他答应保守秘密之后把真相告诉了他。

2). She promised me (that) she would be punctual. 她向我保证一定准时。

[重点用法]

promise to do sth.答应做某事

promise sb. sth.答应某人某事

promise +that 从句 答应……

make a promise许下诺言

keep a promise遵守诺言

carry out a promise履行诺言

break a promise违背诺言

[练习] 中译英

1). 我得让你遵守诺言。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 我不能保证做到, 但我一定尽力而为。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). I shall keep you/hold you to your promise. 

2). I can't promise, but I'll do my best.

 

试题详情

3. bargain n.协议;廉价物;v.(与某人)讨价还价; 洽谈成交条件; 谈判

[典例]

1). If you promote our goods, we will give you a good discount as our part of the bargain. 若你方经销我们的货物, 我方愿给予你相当大的优惠作为回报。

2). It's a bargain. 这可是便宜货。

3). Never pay the advertised price for a car; always try to bargain. 千万不要照牌价购买汽车, 总得讲讲价才是。

[重点用法]

make a bargain with sb about/over/for sth 就某事与某人达成协议

bargain with sb about/over/for sth  就某事与某人讨价还价

[练习] 中译英

1). 你做了一笔很上算的交易。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 工会为缩短工作周而(与资方)讨价还价。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). You've got a good bargain there.  

2). The unions bargained (with management) for a shorter working week.

 

试题详情

2. charge n. 费用;v. 指控;收费

[典例]

1). All goods are delivered free of charge. 一切物品免费送货。

2). He was charged with murder. 他被控犯谋杀罪。

[重点用法]

in/under the charge of 在某人照看(掌管)下

in charge of处于控制或支配(某人[某事物])的地位:

[练习] 中译英

1). 这些病人由威尔逊医生治疗。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 这儿谁负责?

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). These patients are under the charge of Dr Wilson.       

2). Who's in charge here?

试题详情

1. admit vt. & vi. 许可某人/物进入;接纳,接受某人(入院入学等);承认,招认

[典例]

1). The school admits sixty new boys and girls every year. 这所学校每年招收六十名男女新生。

2). He was admitted to hospital with minor burns. 他因轻度烧伤而入院。

3). I admit (that) you have a point. 我承认你有理。

4). George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。

[重点用法]

admit (doing)sth.承认某事/做了某事

admit that +从句  承认……

[练习] 中译英

1). 他招认偷了那辆汽车。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 不准那个人进来。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). He admitted having stolen the car. 

2). That man is not to be admitted.      

试题详情

1. advertise vt. 做广告; 登广告
advertisement n. 广告
advertising n. 做广告(作定语)
2. replace v. 代替, 取代
replacement n. 代替, 取代
 replaceable adj. 可代替的;
3. interview v. n. 面试, 面谈; 采访
interviewee    (面试中)受审核者; 被接见者; 被采访者
interviewer主持面试者; 接见者; 采访者
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1)   Cigarette ________ should be banned. (advertise)
2)  They ________ their services on TV. (advertise)
3)  If you want to sell your old sofa, why not put an _________ in the local paper? (advertise)
4)  They will find a ________ for Sue while she is ill (replace)
5)  Can anything _________ a mother's love? (replace)
6)   Can you find a _________ book? (replace)
7)  We __________ 20 people for the job. (interview)
8)   I've got an _________ with National Chemicals. (interview)
Keys:  1) advertising   2) advertise       3) advertisement          4) replacement
5) replace     6) replaceable     7) interviewed           8) interview

试题详情

1. make sure/be sure/for sure
[解释]
make sure 意为“确保”“弄清楚”,后接介词短语或从句。
be sure 后接不定式时,意为“一定”“必定”“准会”;若跟of、about短语或从句时,作“肯定”“有把握”解释;to be sure 作插入语时,意为“的确”“诚然”。
for sure 意为“肯定的”“毫无问题地”。
 [练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Have you ________ of the time of the train?
2). _________ to write and tell me all the news.
3). She is not pretty, _______, but she is very clever.
4). She won’t lend me any money,and that’s _______.
Keys:  1). made sure     2). Be sure       3). to be sure   4). for sure
2. in charge of/in the charge of
[解释]
in charge of 表示“主管”,“看管”,“负责”。
in the charge of 表示“在……掌管之下;由……掌管”
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). He is _______ the school.
2). The school is _______ him.
Keys:   1). in charge of  2). in/under the charge of 
3. compete / contest
[解释]
compete   表示“为了争得名次、奖金,合同等”,并不含有将对手征服的意思。
contest   所表示的竞赛可以是友谊赛,也可以是有敌意的竞赛,旨在比试技能、能力、力气、耐力等,此外还可以表示赢得选举。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The children _________ against each other t reach the other end of the pool.
2). The soldiers ________ every inch of ground.
Keys: 1). compete     2). contested     
4. basis / base / foundation
[解释]
basis     主要用作抽象或引申意义。
base       侧重指构成或支撑某一物体的基础,也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。
foundation 用于具体意义时,侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基,用作比喻意义时,与basis基本相同。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). All dams need sound _________.
2). The vase falls over a lot because the ________ is too small.
3). The ______ of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
Keys: 1). foundations    2). base       3). basis

试题详情


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