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3. come into being形成;产生(不可用于被动语态或进行时态)

[典例]

Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being.千百万年前,恐龙就在地球上生活,比人类的出现要早得多。

[短语归纳]

come into effect实施      come into use投入使用

come into power上台执政

[练习]用 come的相关词汇填空

1). When did the world _________?

2). The new seat-belt regulations __________ last week.

3). When did this word ___________?

Keys: 1). come into being   2). came into effect   3). come into use

试题详情

2. die out(指物种)死光;灭绝, 火慢慢熄灭

[典例]

1). The moth's habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. 这种蛾子因栖息地正受到破坏, 几乎绝种了。

[短语归纳]

die away减弱(以至觉察不到);淡化       die down逐渐降低;减弱

be dying 垂死的                        be dying for/to do sth.渴望

die of 死于(饥饿;病)                 die from死于(外界引起的)

die hard很难改变;顽固

[练习] 用die 构成的词组填空

1). The noise of the car ________ in the distance.

2). The old traditions are _________.

3). The man _________ a wound

4). I'm ________ something to eat.

Keys: 1). died away  2). dying out  3). died from  4). dying for 

试题详情

词组

1. pay attention to 注意

[典例]

1). Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请注意我说的话。

2). She turned her attention to a new problem. 她把注意力转移到一个新问题上。

[短语归纳]

catch sb's attention  吸引某人的注意draw attention to sth. 注意某事物

give one's attention to  注意…… 

[练习] 中译英

1). 报纸的大标题引起他的注意。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 她要我注意报告中的一处错误。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). A newspaper headline caught his attention.

   2). She drew my attention to an error in the report.

 

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5. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 宽容; 恩惠; 幸运

[典例]

1). They showed mercy to their enemies. 他们对敌人很仁慈。

2). It's a mercy she wasn't hurt in the accident. 她在事故中未受伤, 真幸运。

[重点用法]

at the mercy of sb/sth任由某人[某事物]摆布或控制

have mercy on / upon对……有怜悯心

[练习] 中译英

1). 那只船在暴风雨中失去控制

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 可怜可怜我们吧。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). The ship was at the mercy of the storm.       

2). Have mercy on us!

试题详情

4. distant n. (空间或时间)远隔的, 遥远的

[典例]

1). The airport is about ten miles distant from the city. 机场距离城市大约十英里远。

2). She is a distant cousin of mine. 她是我的远房表妹。

[重点用法]

be distant with / towards with sb. 对……冷淡

[练习] 中译英

1). 这两种学说之间没有什么关联。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 她对妈妈总是很冷淡。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:  1). There is a distant connection between the two theories.

      2). She is always distant with her mother.

试题详情

3. hunt vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜索

[典例]

1). Wolves hunt in packs. 狼是成群猎食的。

2). Police are hunting an escaped criminal. 警方正在追捕逃犯。

[重点用法]

hunt for 试图找到(某物[某人])

hunt after 探求;追求

[练习] 中译英

1). 我在寻找一本失去的书。

2). 许多人一生追求成名,但一无所获。

Keys: 1). I am hunting for a lost book.

     2). Many people hunt after fame in their lives but never find it.

 

试题详情

2. relief n. (痛苦﹑ 困苦﹑ 忧虑等的)减轻或解除

[典例]

1). The drug gives some relief from pain. 这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。

2). I breathed/heaved a sigh of relief when I heard he was safe. 我听到他平安的消息时才松了一口气。

[重点用法]

(much) to one’s relief 使某人大为放心;使某人深感宽慰

[练习] 中译英

1). 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 见到你在这儿也就放心了。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). To my great relief/Much to my relief, I wasn't late. 

2). It's a great relief to find you here.

试题详情

1. wild adj. 野生的, 野的, 未驯化的;无居民的, 荒凉的

[典例]

1). He enjoys filming wild animals. 他喜欢拍摄野生动物。

2). We walked into a wild mountain region. 我们走进荒无人烟的山区。

[重点用法]

be wild about sth/sb(对某事物[某人])极热心或热爱

be wild with… 因……而发狂

[练习] 中译英

1). 群众欣喜若狂。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

2). 孩子们都特别喜欢这个新计算机。

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). The crowd went wild with delight.       

2). The children are wild about the new computer.

试题详情

1. power n. 能力
powerful adj. 强有力的; 力量大的
powerfully adv. 强有力地; 力量大地
2. appreciate v. 理解并欣赏; 赏识; 高度评价
appreciation n. 欣赏; 感激
 appreciative adj. 有欣赏力的; 表示赏识的; 感激的
3. succeed v.  成功; 做成; 达到目的
success  n.  成功; 成就; 成名; 发财; 胜利; 达到目的
successful adj.  获得成功的; 取得成效的; 达到目的的
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1)  I will do everything in my ________ to help you. (power)
2)  He is very _________ built. (power)
3) Elephants have _________ legs. (power)
4) She shows little or no ________ of good music. (dusk)
5) Your help was greatly _________. (dusk    )
6) I'm most _________ of your generosity.  (add)
7)  He wasn't a ________ as a teacher. (add)
8)   If at first you don't ________, try, try again. (add)
9)  My final attempt to fix it was __________.
Keys:  1) power    2) powerfully     3) powerful          4) appreciation
    5) appreciated   6) appreciative           7) success           8) succeed
  9) successful

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1. contain / include
[解释]
contain强调主语含有某种成分或装有某物。如:
include强调主语包含的人或物是主语的一部分。所以include常译为“包括”。including…“包括……”,是十分常见的表达形式。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The list ________ his name.
2). Beer __________ alcohol.
Keys:  1). included      2). contains      
2. reserve / keep / preserve
[解释]
reserve  正式用词,指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。
keep   最常用词,指长时间牢固地保持合伙保存。
preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Will you _______ these documents for us?
2). In summer, large crops of fruit may be ________ by freezing.
3). All the front seats are _________ for foreign guests.
Keys:   1). keep    2).preserved   3). reserved
3. reduce / decrease
[解释]
reduce  强调在“数量、大小,程度或强度”方面下降或减少。
decrease 侧重强调“稳定地,逐渐地,不断地”减少
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). The workers _______ their wage demands.
2). Lack of success _________ confidence.
Keys: 1). reduced     2). decreased     
4. fierce / wild / violent
[解释]
fierce  指人或兽的凶猛残酷。
wild  既可指自然界的荒芜,未被驯化状态,又指人的无法无天,不文明的野蛮行为。
violent 指人时侧重极为不安、异常激动,暗含有暴力行为;也指破坏性的或不可控制的自然力量。
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). She is afraid of his _________ looks.
2). Who was that _________ old lady?
3). _______ criminals like that are a danger to society.
Keys: 1). wild    2). fierce     3). violent

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