1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90米。

[解释]1. so...that 如此……以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句，如：

She was so angry that she couldn’ t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。

辨析：so...that与such...that：

so...that与such...that意思一致，that均引导结果状从句，但是so为副词，such为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。

① so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句

She is so good a teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。

② such + adj. + 复名 + that从句或such + a(n) + 单名+ that从句

She is such a good teacher that we all love her. 她是一位如此好老师以致于我们都爱她。

They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes. 他们是如此淘气以致于经常犯错误。

提示：在so十much／many／little／few + n. +that从句结构中，little当“少”讲，接在so之后，但当little当“小”讲时，应接在such之后。如：

They are such little children that they can’ t look after themselves.他们是那么小的孩子还不能自理。

Our team played so well that we won the game. = Our team played well enough to win the game.

我们的球队踢得真好，结果赢得了比赛。

[解释]2. some measuring over 90 metres 是独立主格结构：

独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为、方式或伴随情况。其构成：名词(代词) + 现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语，如：

(1) 作时间状语 The meeting over, they left the hall.

(2) 作原因状语 My watch having been lost, I didn’t know what time it was.

(3) 作条件状语 Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.

(4) 描述伴随行为或补充说明 Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.

[练习] 根据句子意思完成句子或翻译。

1). She is _______ lovely a girl _______ all pf us like very much.

2). They are _______ little worms _______we can’ t see them with our eyes.

3). The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.

4). Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.

5). He came into the room, his ears _______ _______ _______ (冻得发紫).

6). He came out of the library, a book _______ _______ _______ (夹在胳膊下).

答案：1). so; that　 2). such; that　　 3). finished　　 4). permitting　　 5). his ears red with cold　 6). under his arm.

6. as far as 远到，直到；至于

[典例]

1). I’ ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我陪你走到邮局。

2). I’ ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已读到第三章了。

[短语归纳] far短语：

as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知　 　　　　　 　　　　　　 as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得

as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言　　　 far from sth 毫不；一点也不； 远非

So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。

[练习] 用far的短语填空。

1). _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.

2). The problem is _______ _______ _______ (绝非易事).

3). We’ ll go by train ______ ______ ______ (直到) London, and then take a bus.

答案：1). As far as I’ m concerned　 　　2). far from easy 　　3). as far as

5. in the distance 在远处；在远方

[典例]

1). We can see the mountain in the distance. 我们从远处就可以看到那座山。

2). Night fell. The hills in the distance turned dark blue. 夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。

[短语归纳] distance短语：

at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些　　　　　　　　　　　　 from a distance从远方

keep a distance别靠近　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 keep sb. at a distance对某人保持疏远

[练习] 用distance的短语或介词填空。

1). We can see a windmill ______ the distance.

2). The picture looks better ______ a distance.

3). He was asked many times to join the party, but he always ______ ______ ______.

答案： 1). in　 　　2). at 　　3). kept his distance

4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋

[典例]

1). He has a gift for music. 他有音乐天才。

2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages. 你有学外语的天赋。

[重点用法]

have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对……有天赋；有做某事的才能

a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人　　 　 a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人

[练习] 翻译句子。

1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。

__________________________________________________________________________________

2). 我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。

__________________________________________________________________________________

答案：1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories.　 　　2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher.

3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见　　　　　

[典例]

He was happy to catch sight of an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。

[短语归纳] sight短语：

lose sight of 看不见；不再看见 　　　　　　　　　　 keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离　

at (the) sight of 一看到(就)　　　　　　　　　 in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内

out of sight 看不见；在视线外　　　　　　　　 have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差

[练习] 用sight的短语填空。

1). ______ ______ ______ his mother, the boy stopped crying.

2). She watched the train until it went ______ ______ ______.

3). I ______ ______ ______ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I ______ _______ ______ him.

4). Be sure to ______ ______ ______ your luggage while you’ re at the airport.

答案：1). At the sight of　　　 　 2). out of sight　 3). caught sight of; lost sight of　 4). keep sight of

2. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；(使)安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等

[典例]

1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。

2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麽时候结婚过上安定生活?

[短语归纳] 与settle相关的短语：

settle down to… 使某人安下心来做……　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 settle (down) in ... 在……定居下来

settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题

[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。

1). Something is disturbing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心来) his work.

2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.

3). They have finally ______ _______ ______ Canada.

答案：1). settle down to work　 　2). doing　 　3). settled down in 　　

1. rather than... 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿

[典例]

1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。

2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price与其让蔬菜烂掉，他半价把它们卖掉。

[重点用法]

do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A

A rather than B 是A而不是B

would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做B

prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做B

would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事

注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。

[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。

1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.　　

2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.

3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.

4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ______ throw them away, though many are useless.

5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).

6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_____________________________________________

答案：1). rather than　　 2). ride; to ride　　　　　　 3). hadn’ t come 　　4). rather than　　 5). rather than; is to blame

6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street.

8. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记　 impression n.[c]印象；感想 　impressive adj.给人印象深刻的

[典例]

1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。

2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。

[重点用法]

impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物　

make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 给……一个印象

have/get the impression that 有……的印象

[练习] 用impress的短语或介词填空。

1). Father _______ _______ me the value of hard work.

2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.

3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.

4). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.

答案：1). impressed; on 　2). impressed; with　　 3). made; impression upon　　 4). had the impression that　

7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.(令人)可怕的

[典例]

1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。

2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。

[重点用法]

be terrified at/by sth. 被某事(物)恐吓　　 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事(物)

[练习] 用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。

1). She ______ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.

2). She was terrified ______ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.

3). It was a ______ experience.

答案：1). was terrified that 　2). at 　　3). terrifying

6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近

[典例]

1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。

2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的妈妈住在附近。

[重点用法]

nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：

There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.