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1. struggle vi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力

[典例]

1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。

2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。

[词语归纳]

struggle for 为……而斗争                struggle with / against与……作斗争

struggle to do sth.努力做某事              straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来

a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗

[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。

1). They are ________ (为……而斗争) the position

2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the Japanese.(介词)

3). The fox struggled ________ (escape).

4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (挣扎着站起来) and dragged slowly ahead.

Keys: 1). struggling for    2). with; against   3). to escape   4). struggled to his feet

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III 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿;欲望
hungry adj. 饥饿的
 
2. expand v.使变大;伸展
expansion n.[u,c]扩大;扩展
 
3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意
达到要求;满足需要
satisfied adj. 对……表示满意
satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的
satisfaction n. 满意
4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)
免费的(地)  vt. 解放
freedom n.自由
 
5. equip vt.&vi. 配备;装备
equipment n.[u] 装备;设备
 
6. discover vt.发现,找到
discovery n.被发现的事物,发现
discoverer n. 发现者
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). In some poor African areas, many children died of ________ (hungry) every year.
2). The basic needs of the world population should ________ (satisfy) first.
3). The survey found that men got greater ________ (satisfy) from caring for their families than they did from work.
4). The rapid ________ (expand) of cities can cause social and economic problems.
5). We were told to keep all our sports ________ (equip) in the lockers downstairs.
6). The people there enjoy complete ________ (free) of speech.
7). The ________ (discover) of electricity was Franklin.
8). Like many ________ (discover), atomic power can be used for good or evil.
Keys: 1). hunger  2). be sarisfied    3). satisfaction  4). expansion   5). equipment      6). freedom  7). discoverer   8). discoveries

IV 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

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I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. expand / extend / spread / stretch  
2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession
词形
变化
1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿;欲望
hungry adj. 饥饿的
 
2. expand v.使变大;伸展
expansion n.[u,c]扩大;扩展
 
3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意
达到要求;满足需要
satisfied adj. 对……
表示满意
satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的
satisfaction n. 满意
4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)
免费的(地)  vt. 解放
freedom n.自由
 
5. equip vt.&vi. 配备;装备
equipment n.[u] 装备;设备
 
6. discover vt.发现,找到
discovery n.被发现的事物,发现
discoverer n. 发现者
重点
单词
1. struggle vi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力 
2. equip vt.&vi. 配备;装备 
3. regret (regretted) vt. (对……)遗憾;惋惜 n.[c,u] 遗憾;惋惜
4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少;减缩 
5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力);聚焦  n.[c,u] 焦点;中心点
6. comment vi.&vt. 表达意见;作出评论 n.[c,u] 评论;议论
重点
词组
1. thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为 (有时作反语)
2. rid sb./sth. of 使某人某物摆脱
3. be satisfied with 对……表示满足或满意
4. would rather 宁愿……
5. build up 逐渐建立;逐渐增强体质;积累;开发
6. lead to 导致;造成(后果);通往
7. keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响/伤害);使……不含(有害物) 
重点句子
1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
重点语法
V-ing 的基本用法(见语法部分)

II 词语辨析  (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1. expand / extend / spread / stretch
[解释]   
expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张
extend 强调向某一方向的延长
spread 指消息,疾病,瘟疫等的传播、蔓延,也指把某物铺开,把胳膊张开
stretch 指手掌,手臂,腰,腿,颈由曲变直,由短变长的伸展或伸出,多与out连用
[练习]用expand,extend,spread,stretch的适当形式填空。
1). The man _______ the information around.
2). The empire _______ its country in the 16th century.
3). The road builders worked hard to _______ the high way.
4). She _______ out her hands to meet me.
5). The project will _______ the city’ s telephone network to cover 1000000 users.
Keys: 1). spread   2). expanded   3). extend   4). stretch   5). expand
2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession
[解释]
occupation指一个人经常担任的工作,不论是否领取工资。
job非正式用语,指一份固定的赚钱工作,不论是否需要技术和特殊训练。
work多用来指工作本身,平常我们每做一件事无论大小,都可以称为work。
employment 指受雇于他人,领取工资谋生计,并且比较固定的工作。
career 指职业、事业;指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业,带有崇高色彩。
profession 指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任,带有专业性质的工作,多为创造性的脑力劳动。
[练习]用occupation,job,work,employment,career,profession的适当形式填空。
1). She has a good ________ in the bank.
2). She is an architect by ________.
3). She abandoned her stage ________.
4). Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find ________.
5). Please write down your name, ________ and address here in the form.
Keys: 1). job  2). profession/occupation  3). career   4). employment  5). occupation

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20.我国每个节日都是一道独特的风景线,请用下面两个节日,仿照例句,各用一句话表现它们的特点。要求:内容符合节日特点,富有文采。(6分)

例:重阳节:拄杖登山,老夫聊发少年狂。

清明节:___________________  ______              ________

中秋节:                               

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15.古诗文默写(每空1分,共6分)

  (1)古文默写(必须默写)

①惟江上之清风,与山间之明月,耳得之而为声,目遇之而成色,       ,

         。是造物者之无尽藏也,而吾与子之所共适。 (苏轼《赤壁赋》)

      ,        ,所以游目骋怀,足以极视听之娱,信可乐也。

                         (王羲之《兰亭集序》)

  (2)古诗默写(任选一首默写)

③羁鸟恋旧林,池鱼思故渊。             。(陶渊明《归园田居》)

④淇水汤汤,渐车帷裳。        ,         。(《诗经·氓》)

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