68．In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned

　EXCEPT　　　 .　 A．saving employees’ money　 B．making employees more attractive

　　　 C．improving employees’ motivation　　　　　　 D．making employees happier

D

BUS SERVICE

New York City-Brennan, New Jersey

(Trip time: 30 minutes each way)

Timetable

●Buses leave the Railway Station, New York 7:00 am and every half-hour thereafter(此后)until1 11:30 pm (7days a week).

●Buses leave Brennan Station 20 minutes before and after every hour from 6:20 am to 10:40(7days a week).

●Evening rush hours(5:00 pm to 7:00 pm)buses leave the Railway Station, New York every 15minutes(Monday-Friday).

●Holidays: buses leave every hour on the hour time, each direction.

　　　 All tickets must be bought at Window 12, the Railway Station, New York, or at the Brennan Station Window before boarding buses.

67．According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　　 A．Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.

　　　 B．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 90s.

　　　 C．“Dress-down Friday”was first given as a favor from employers.

　　　 D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.

66．According to this passage, which of the following statements is FALSE?

　　　 A．Many employees don’t like a conservative dress code.

　　　 B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive.

　　　 C．A casual clothes code is welcomed by young employees.

　　　 D．All the employers in the U. S. are for casual office wear.

65．David Smith wears casual clothes now, because　　　 .

　　　 A．they make him feel at ease when working　 B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes

　　　 C．he looks handsome in casual clothes　　 D．he no longer works for any company

64．David Smith refers to himself as having been“a clothes addict,”because　　　 .

　　　 A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt　　 B．he couldn’t stand a clean appearance

　　　 C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time　 D．he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes

63．From the passage we know the success of a training programme lies in　　　 .

　　　 A．the training methods and the quality of the training staff

　　　 B．the performance of the trainees in the programme

　　　 C．the places where the training programmes take place

　　　 D．the way to evaluate the training programme

C

　　　 Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day.“I was a clothes addict”he jokes.“I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and a sports shirt-to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie.“I am working harder than ever.”David says,“and I need to feel comfortable.”

　　　 More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday(but only on Friday).This became known as“dress-down Friday”or“casual Friday”.“What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.”said business consultant Maisly Jones.

　　　 Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes?One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code.” “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company,“so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative(保守的)dress code.”Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale(心境，士气). Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative influence on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,”one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”

62．The best title for the passage might be　　　 .

　　　 A．Staff training and its evaluation　　 B．A successful training programme

　　　 C．How to describe and specify a job　 D．The importance of training the staff

61．According to passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　　 A．As there exist weak points in different departments of a firm, the training of its staff is

highly necessary.

　　　 B．A training specification is based on the information collected from a job description and a job specification.

　　　 C．Training in using skills and learning about skills usually do not happen at the same time.

　　　 D．It’s easier to evaluate management training than to evaluate the training of workers and technicians.

60．To be successful in our training programme, we must understand the difference between　　

　　　　　　　　　 　.

A．a job description and a job specification　　 B．what is taught, and how it is taught

C．the costs and the quality of the programme　 D．the training contents and training in using

59．What is the source of the suggestions for fighting shyness?

　　　 A．The author of the article.　　　　　 B．Shy men and women.

　　　 C．doctors and psychologists　　　　　 D．Popular entertainers.

B

As we know, it is very important that a firm should pay attention to the training of its staff as there exist many weak points in its various departments. Staff training must have a purpose, which I defined(解释) when a firm considers its training needs, which are in turn based on job descriptions and job specifications.

A job description should give details of the performance that is required for a particular job, and a job specification should give information about the behaviour, knowledge and skills that are expected of an employee who works in it. When all of this has been collected, it is possible to make a training specification. This specifies that the training department must teach for the successful performance of the job, and also the best methods to use in the training period.

There are many different training methods, and there are advantages and disadvantages of all of them. Successful training performances depend on an understanding of the difference between learning about skills and training in using them. It is frequently said that　 learning about skills takes place “off the job” in classroom, but training in using these skills takes place “on the job,” by means of such activities as practice in the workshop.

It’s always difficult to evaluate the costs of a training programme. The success of such a programme depends not only on the methods used but also on the quality of the staff who do the training. The evaluation of management training is much more complex than that.