例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950. A had died B died C dead D is dead 解析:该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前,但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态,而用一般过去时态。
例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents. A is looked B has looked for C is being looked for D has been looked
解析:该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中,介词不能省,否则就变成了不及物动词短语,而不能用于被动语态的句子中。
(五)动词虚拟语气
时/式 |
一般 |
进行 |
完成 |
现在 |
am
is given
are |
am
is being
are |
has
been given
have |
过去 |
was
given
were |
was
being given were |
had been given |
将来 |
shall
be given
will |
|
shall
have been given
will |
过去将来 |
should
be given
would |
|
should
have been given
would |
英语语法知识难点(二)
(四)动词时态、语态
(6) however 然而,可是 Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go. (7) neither…nor 既不…也不 Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you. (8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且… He not only sings well, but also dances well. (9) or 或者,否则 Hurry up, or you'll be late. Are you a worker or a doctor? (10) so 因此,所以 It's getting late, so I must go. (11) although 虽然 Although it was late, they went on working. (12) as soon as 一 …就 I'll tell him as soon as I see him. (13) because 因为 He didn't go to school, because he was ill. (14)unless 除非,如果不 I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow. (15)until 直到… He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构) He stayed there until eleven. (16)while 当…时候,而 (表示对比) While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词) My pen is red while his is blue. (17)for 因为 He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的) (18)since自从… I have lived here since my uncle left. (19)hardly… when 一… 就 I had hardly got to the station when the train left. (20)as far as 就… 来说 As far as I know, that country is very small. You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)
(三) 连词
(二) 介词
22. (本题15分)
由题意得.
(I)
4分
(II)讨论:(1)当时,
的零点
;
(2)当时,
的零点
,不合题意; 4分
(3)当时,
(4)当时,
综上所述,
7分
(II)另解:在区间
上存在零点,等价于
在区间
上有解,
也等价于直线与曲线
有公共点,
作图可得 . 7分
或者:又等价于当时
,求值域:
. 7分
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21.(本题15分)
(Ⅰ),由OP⊥PQ,得
=0,
由,得得cosa =
,
a < –2或a >2. 7分
(Ⅱ)(向量坐标法)当a= –1时, ,
![]() (第21题) |
当,即
时,取等号.
又在
上是减函数,
.
8分
另解:(余弦定理法).如图, ,
设,则
,
又在
上是减函数,
,
此时,
8分
20.(本题14分)(Ⅰ)在等差数列中,由
得,
又由,得
,
联立解得 , 3分
则数列的通项公式为
.
3分
(Ⅱ),
∴ ……(1)
…(2)
(1)、(2)两式相减,
得 8分
19.(本题14分)
(Ⅰ),其最小正周期是
,
又当,即
时,
取得最小值
,
所以函数的最小值是
,此时
的集合为
.
7分
(Ⅱ)
.
函数
是偶函数. 7分
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