17.Beat　 & Hit & Strike 都有 打 击 敲 的意思。

　beat 表示 连续不断地打击；尤其指心脏的跳动。 　hit表示 撞击(尤指一次性的)或命中(目标)。 　strike除了与hit同义外，还可以理解为划(火柴)；给人深刻印象等。 　The man looked dead but his heart was still beating. 　He hit the ball so hard that it went over the wall. 　She struck (or: hit) him hard on the head with a vase. 　He went in, struck a match and lit a candle to give light. 　The foreigner was deeply stricken by the beauty of the Guilin.

16.be about to & be to do & be going to do 将要做某事

　be about to = be just going to do，意思是即将马上就要去做。在由这个短语构成的句子中一般不可再加上表示时间的状语(如at once, next) 　I am about to leave for Shanghai. 　be to do主要表示安排或计划要在将来做的事情，它还可以表示命令等语气，相当于should, must 等。可以同将来的时间状语连用。 　The US President Bill Clinton is to visit Japan next week. 　be going to do 一般可以和be to do换用，它在通常情况下表示计划 安排或准备去做某事的意向，但并不一定马上去做。它一般都与时间状语连用；此外，它还可以用来表示某种推断或可能性。 　What are you going to do for your holiday? 　It's going to rain soon, look at those black clouds.

15.answer for & answer to

　Do you think parents should have to answer for their children's behavior? 　You will have to answer for your wrongdoing one day. 　answer for是 对……负责 、因……(错误)而负责 的意思。 　This is the answer to the question. 　That answers precisely to our need. 　answer to是 适应，符合 和 与……一致 等意思。

14.good at & good with

　good at 指 擅长于 善于某一科目 某种业余消遣或某种活动，其后接名词或动名词。 　He is good at maths. 　We are not only good at destroying the old world. We are also good at building the new one. 　good with 通常指 善于使用 处理某物或对待某人，其后通常接表示工具，人体器官或人的名词。 　He was good with his hands and heads. 　He is good with these tools. 　She understands children, so she is good with them.

13.Gone & lost & missing

　gone表示 丢了 没了，含有一去不复返的意味，在句中可作表语和补语，但不能做定语。 　My fever is gone, but I still have a cough. 　She looked down at her dress and found her necklace gone. 　lost 表示 丢失，含有失去后难以回归的意味，在句中可作定语，表语和补语。 　The parents found the lost child at last. 　His elder brother was lost at sea. 　missing表示 失踪了 不见了，强调某人或某物不在原处，在句中可作定语，表语和补语。 　My dictionary is missing. 　The police are trying their best to find the missing school-girl.

12.apply for & apply to

　apply for　 申请 请求。 　I want to apply for the position. 　apply to可以表示 敷上 涂上。 　Apply some medicine to his wound. 　还可表示 努力 专心，相当于devote…to。 　God, I promise I will apply my life to you.

11.Select & Elect

　select指在广泛的范围中进行有斟酌的精选，淘汰的意味较重，其后须跟名词或代词作宾语。 　Most of the delegates to the conference are selected from advanced workers. 　It is difficult to select good materials for middle school students to read. 　elect的最普通意思是通过正式手续或投票形式的选举，其后须跟人或职称名词作宾语，亦可跟名词+名词，名词+as短语，名词+不定式短语的复合结构。 　We elected him monitor. 　They elected Jimmy Carter (as) President. 　They elected him to take part in the competition.

10.fairly, quite, rather 都用来说明形容词和副词的程度。

Fairly 相当 还算，是这一组词中语气最轻的一个。 　Quite 相当 或多或少地 在某种程度上，语气比fairly稍强。 　Rather 相当 有点 颇，语气最强。 　fairly只用于修饰褒义的形容词和副词。 　She is fairly clever. 　rather主要用于贬义 　rather poor/bad/stupid/ugly 　也可用在某些褒义的形容词和副词前，具有比fairly更强烈的褒义。 　相当于very: rather good/ well/pretty /clever。 　若在没有褒贬意义的词前用fairly，表示说话人赞同。 　若用rather，则表示不赞同。 　She is fairly tall for her age. 　She is rather tall for her age. 　rather可与too及比较级连用，而fairly和quite则不可。 　My mother is rather better today. 　quite和rather还可和动词连用，fairly则不可和动词连用。 　This does not quite satisfy me. 　I don't quite follow you. 　They rather expected to win the match. 　I rather like her. 　quite和rather都可修饰名词，但须放在不定冠词前。 　It's rather a pity. 　当名词前有形容词时，quite和rather可放在不定冠词后，也可放在不定冠词前。 　They had a quite good time. Or …quite a good time

9.Base & Basis 表示 基础 基地。

　We camped at the base of the mountain. 　Our company's base is in New York , but we have extended many branches all around the world. 　base用来指某物体的具体"基础"或底部的"支柱"。 　What's the basis of your opinion? 　We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits. 　basis则用来表示抽象意义上的"基础"，常用于比喻句。

8.Glad & Happy & Pleased

　glad为 高兴的 乐意的，指一时短暂的强烈喜悦，只用于人。只能作表语，不作定语，后接介词of短语，不定式或that从句。 　I'm glad of your success in the games. 　happy为 幸福的 高兴的，隐含一种强烈的满足感，可用于人或事物。它可作定语及表语，后可接介词 about, at, over, with短语及不定式或that从句。 　The story has a happy end. 　pleased为 喜悦的 满足的，指持续时间较长的喜悦，只能用于人。它多作表语，很少被用作定语，它的后面可接介词at, about, with短语，不定式或that从句。 　There is nothing to be pleased about. 　Mother was pleased with my full mark in arithmetic.