6．动词不定式也可作一些短语动词的宾语补足语。

　 I'm waiting for James to arrive. 我正等着詹姆斯的到来。

　 He's arranged for a car to pick them up at the station. 他已安排了一辆汽车去车站接他们。

　 The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire. 联合国号召交战双方遵守停火协定。

　 必背：

　 这些带介词的短语动词有：

　 call on 号召

　 arrange for　 安排

　 ong for 盼望

　 wait for 等待

　 depend on　 依靠

　 rely on　 指望

　E． 动词不定式作定语

　 不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后，和被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、同位关系和修饰关系。

5．动词advise, allow, ask, beg, command, tell, invite, force, oblige, get, help, encourage, persuade, permit, remind, request, order, warn, cause等后面，多接不定式短语作宾语补足语。

　 We don't allow such things to happen again.　　　　 我们不容许这种事情再发生。

　 Most of the parents agree to forbid their　 children to smoke. 大多数父母都同意禁止自己的孩子抽烟。

　 She asked me to answer the phone in her absence. 她请我在她不在的时候接电话。

　 Please remind me to leave her this note. 请提醒我留给她这张纸条。

　 She requested him to go with her. 她邀请他一同去。

　 注意：hope, demand, suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。

　 [误]I hope you to give me a hand.

　 [正]I hope you can give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。

　 [正]I wish you to give me a hand. 我希望你能帮我一把。

　 [误]He demanded me to be present at the meeting.

　 [正]He demanded that we should be present at the meeting. 他要求我们出席会议。

　 [正]He required us to be present at the meeting. 他要求我们出席会议。

　 [误]Mr Li suggested her not to go there alone.　

　 [正] Mr Li suggested that she should not go there alone. 李先生建议她不要独自去那里。

4．在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：love, like, prefer, hate, want, wish, expect等。

　 I'd prefer you to leave him alone. 我希望你不要打扰他。

　 I don't want there to be any trouble. 我不想有任何麻烦。

3．在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。这类动词有：consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等。这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。

　 We consider him (to be) a good teacher. 我们认为他是一个好老师。

　 He proved that theory (to be) very important.　 他证明那个理论是很重要的。

　 I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。　　　

2．在使役动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。

　 这类动词有：make, let, have等。转为被动语态时，其后通常都用带to的不定式(have没有被动语态)。

　 有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了to，这些动词有：

　 一感二听三让四观看。

　 一感：feel　 二听：hear,listen to　 三让：let,have,make　 四观看：observe,see,watch.,look at

　 What would you have me do 你要我做什么？

　 She made him give up smoking. 她让他戒了烟。

　 Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。

　 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.　 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了。

1．在表示感觉的动词后作宾语补足语，并且不定式都不带to。这类动词有：see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。

　 I heard them sing yesterday. 昨天我听见他们唱歌了。

　 Did you see him go out 你看见他出去了吗？

　 I felt something crawl up my leg. 我感到有什么东西爬到我腿上了。

　 注意：转为被动语态时，原不带to的不定式要变成带to的不定式。notice和watch没有被动语态。

　 We saw the car stop.

n　　　 The car was seen to stop. 我们看见这辆车停了下来。

n　　　 　

3．作形容词的宾语

　 不定式作形容词的宾语有两种句型，一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，另一个是句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。

　 ①句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语。这类形容词有able, afraid, angry, anxious, careful, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager, foolish, fortunate, frightened, happy, impatient, glad, lucky, naughty, prepared, proud, ready, slow, shocked, sorry, surprised, willing等。

　 I am sorry to say that he is going from bad to worse.　 很遗憾，他的情况每况愈下

　 She was not content to live a quiet life in a small town. 她不满足在一个小镇里过默默无闻的生活。

　 John was happy to be given the job. 约翰得到这份工作很高兴。

　 ②句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语。这类形容词有easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful等。

　 This problem is easy to solve. 这个问题很容易解决。

　 The water is not fit to drink. 这水不适于饮用。

　 She is hard to get along with. 她这个人很难相处。

　 注意：在这种结构中，如果不定式是不及物动词，则必须加上结构或含义所需的介词。

　 The river is dangerous to swim in. 在这条河里游泳很危险。

　 A spring mattress is comfortable to sleep on. 席梦思床垫睡上去很舒服。

　 D． 动词不定式作宾语补足语

　 不定式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一句型中，宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语。

2．作介词的宾语

　不定式可以作介词but和except的宾语。

　 The teacher made no comments except to tell him to work hard. 老师除了叫他努力学习外，未做任何评价。

　 He had no choice but to sit there as usual.　 他没有什么选择，只好像往常一样坐在那儿。

　 There is nothing we can do but wait patiently.　 我们只能耐心等待。

1．作动词的宾语

　 ①不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语。

　 Father likes to listen to music in silence.　 父亲喜欢静静地听音乐。

　 He prefers to be starved to death rather than beg.　 他宁愿饿死也不愿乞讨。

　 I never thought to meet you here. 我没想到在这里遇见你。

　必背：

　 可接不定式作宾语的动词有：

　 afford负担得起

　 agree 同意

　 aim以……为目标

　 ask 要求

　 attempt 尝试　　

　 begin 开始

　 care喜爱

　 choose决定

　 continue 继续　　

　 decide 决定

　 desire 要求

　 determine决心

　 expect 期待

　 fail不能

　 forget 忘记

　 hate不愿

　 hope 希望

　 ntend 打算

　 manage设法

　 mean 打算

　 offer表示愿意

　 plan 计划

　 prefer 宁愿

　 pretend 假装

　 promise 答应　　

　 refuse 拒绝

　 remember记起

　 try努力

　 want 想要

　 wish希望

　 ②在feel, find, make, think, consider等动词后，如果宾语带有宾语补足语时，人们常常用it作形式宾语，而把真实宾语放在宾语补足语之后。

　 I found it possible to work out the problem without a computer. 我发现有可能不用计算机而解出这道题目。

　 She made it a rule to get up at five. 她养成了五点起床的习惯。

　 I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. 我觉得被邀请在会上面对这么多学生发言是一件很光荣的事情。

　 ③在表示“希望、打算”等动词(如hope, expect, intend, mean, want等)的过去式后，可接动词不定式的完成式来表示没有实现的动作。

　 I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你的，但没来成。

　 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨天晚上能在这里见到他。(但没做到)

　 We meant to have stayed there a week. 我们原打算在那儿呆一个星期的。

　 I wanted to have dropped her a line, but forgot to do so. 我原想写一封信给她，但忘记了。

　　提示：

　 表示“原打算、原以为”还可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达。

　 I had intended to call on you. 我原想来拜访你的。

　 I had expected to meet him here last night. 我原以为昨天晚上能在这里见到他的。

　 We had meant to stay there a week. 我们原打算在那儿呆一个星期的。

2．用it作形式主语

　 在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式移到谓语之后，使句子结构显得平稳一些。

　 It's rude to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer. 背对着老师，拒绝回答问题是不礼貌的。

　 It is impossible to learn a foreign language without making painstaking effort. 想不下苦功就能学会外语是不可能的。

　 It seemed a pity to have wasted so much time. 浪费了这么多时间，真是遗憾。

　 注意：

　 当主语和表语都是不定式时，不能用形式主语代替动词不定式。

　 To respect others is to be respected. 尊重别人就是尊重自己。

　 To become a slave is to give up one's freedom. 做奴隶就等于放弃自由。

　 B． 动词不定式作表语

　 不定式作表语可以说明主语的具体内容或表示目的。

　 His wish is to become an astronaut.　 他的愿望是成为一名宇航员。

　 What he hoped was to be admitted into the university. 他希望能被大学录取。

　 To live is to do something worthwhile. 活着就是要做一些有价值的事情。

　 注意：

　 有些作表语的不定式，在结构上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。

　 She is to blame. 她应该受到责备。

　 The house is to let. 此房出租。

　 The result is not long to see. 结果不久就会看到。

　 C． 动词不定式作宾语

　 不定式可以充当部分及物动词的宾语，也可以充当but和except等介词的宾语以及形容词的宾语。