85．Motorists to the south were advised to ________.

　A. return home

　B. stay at home in Jalan Hisamuddin

　C. move to higher ground

　D. travel by Jalan Hisamuddin

84．The word“ plates” in this article might mean ________ in Chinese.

A. 盘子　　B. 钢板　　　C. 横木板　　 D. 铜牌

No. 22

　Ternang, Mon, more than 10, 000 people were made homeless in Ternang after six days of continuous heavy rain. The wooden bridge across the river has been swept away, . The town is cut by flood waters. At the fifth mile Jalan Tengku, the water is not two metres deep. It is closed to all traffic. Motorists going south are advised to use Jalan Hisamuddin. Flooding first appeared at mid - afternoon yesterday along the river banks. People moving to higher ground were just in time to escape from the flood. Most of the people had to leave their possessions behind. Helped by the army, police, Red Cross Society, the whole town was moved out of danger. They are new houses near the town of Tulang. “Everything possible is being done to help the unfortunate people, ” a government official said, “ In fact, money, food and clothing have begun to come in from organizations and people. ”

　According to the latest reports it is still raining heavily at Ternang. The whole town is expected to be totally covered. So far nobody has been reported dead.

83．Rivets are described as being ________.

　A. picked up by tools when red -hot

　B. hit by tools when red - hot

　C. usually caught in a hole

　D. usually put in place when red - hot

82．In steel -frame building, the bottom walls________ .

　A. must be very thick

　B. must be rounded

　C. are usually red - hot

　D. do not need to be thick

81．The writer says that the Empire State Building ________.

　A. hasn’t been finished

　B. is in New York City

　C. is the tallest skyscraper in the world now

　D. had fewer floors than the New World Trade Center

80．According to the passage, which of the followings shows the correct order? ________.

　a．Photographs became popular in newspapers.

　b．Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures.

　c．The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.

　d．Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.

　e．Brady took pictures of famous people.

　A. e, a, d, b, c　　　　　 B. d, b, e, c, a

　C. b, e, c, a, d　　　　　 D. d, c, e, a, b

No. 20

　For almost forty years the Empire State Building in New York City was the world's tallest skyscraper(摩天大楼). The building reaches a height of 1, 250 feet. It has 102 floors. The use of steel frames made its height possible. Steel walls can rise height without needing to be thick. Steel frame construction is strong. All plates are fixed firmly together by metal bolts(螺栓)called rivets (铆钉). When set in place, rivets are usuall red- hot. One end is already rounded. A riveter uses a special hammer to shape the other end. Then the rivet cools. It holds the plates firmly. High winds can move this strong building. A wind of a hundred miles an hour has caused it to move almost one and a half inches.

79．Photography can also be an art form because artists can ________.

　A. take anything they like

　B. keep a record of real life

　C. take photos of the famous

　D. show ideas and feeling in pictures

78．The first pictures of a war were taken by________.

　A. a French photographer in the 1840s

　B. an American photographer in the 1860s

　C. a German reporter in the 1880s

　D. a French artist in the 1890s

77．The passage is mainly about ________.

　A. the inventoin of cameras

　B. a kind of new art - photography

　C. the development of photography

　D. the important dates in the history of photography

76．It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a (n)________.

　A. announcement　　　　　B. advertisement

C. news report　　　　　D. science research

No. 20

　In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple cameras. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.

　The next important date in the history! of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another French, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.

　Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.

　In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to cary lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.

　Mathew Brady was a well - known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life - like and full of personality (个性).

　Brady was also the first preson to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.

　In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography… Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls(卷). So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.

　With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures“ snapshot”.

　Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.

　Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.