2. in favor of 赞成；支持；对……有利

[典例]

1). I am in favor of your suggestion. 我赞成你的提议。

2). I talked to Susan about it, and she’ s all in favor of going. 我与苏珊谈了这件事，她完全赞同走。

[重点用法]

ask a favor请求帮忙　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 do sb. a favor = do a favor for sb. 帮某人的忙

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Senior ministers spoke ______ ______ ______ the proposal.

2). Would you ______ ______ ______ ______ (请你帮忙) and turn off the radio?

Keys: 1). in favour of　　 2). do me a favor

1. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇　　　

[典例]

1). At last, his hard work paid off. 最后，他的努力得到了回报。

2). Did your plan pay off? 你的计划成功了吗?

[短语归纳] pay短语：

pay for付……的钱；为……而付出代价　　　 pay back sth. (pay sb. back sth.) 偿还

pay sb. (...) for sth. 因某事而付某人……　　　 pay sb. (...) to do sth. 付某人(……)去做某事

[练习] 用与pay相关的词组或所给词适当的形式填空。　　

1). After ten years of hard working she finally _______ _______ her debt.　　

2). Our efforts are sure to ________ ________.

3). Her parents ________ ________ America.

4). Have you ________ the milkman this week?

5). Have you ________ the money _______ the bank yet?

6). I will _______ you _______ next week.

7). I paid the boy ten yuan _______ (clean) the window.

Keys: 1). paid off　　 2). pay off　　 3). paid for　　 4). paid　　 5). paid; to　　 6). pay; back　　 7). to clean

8. obtain vt. (正式；尤指通过努力或计划) 获得；得到obtainable adj能得到的; 可获得的

[典例]

1). I haven’ t been able to obtain that record anywhere. 我到处都没买到那张唱片。

2). He said that the police had obtained this information by illegal means. 他说警方是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。

[重点用法]

obtain sth from sb/sth 从……获得某物

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1). Are his records still ______ (obtain)?

2). Further information can be obtained _______ (介词) head office.

Keys: 1). obtainable　 2). from

7. bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心　 n. 烦扰　

[典例]

1). I am busy; don’ t bother me now. 我很忙，现在别打扰我。

2). I am sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time. 对不起，打扰了，请问现在几点?　　

[重点用法]

bother with/about 一为……而烦恼；因……操心　　 　　　　　 bother to do / doing费神做……

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). The problem has been ________ (bother) me for weeks.

2). 一Shall I help you with the cases?

　 -Don’ t ________. I can manage.

3). Don’t bother _______ (介词) us; we will soon join you.

Keys: 1). bothering　 2). bother　 3). about

6. retire vi.退休(役)；退出，撤退；就寝

[典例]

1). He will retire from the army next year. 他明年从部队退役。

2). Our forces retired to prepared positions. 我们的部队撤退到既设阵地上。

[重点用法]

retire from... 从……退休(役)/退出　　　　　　　　　 retire (from...) (to...) 退下，退出，离开(尤指到僻静处)

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入所给词适当的形式或翻译。

1). He _______ (retire) next year after 30 years with the company.

2). She was forced to _______ _______ _______ (提前退出)teaching because of ill health.

3). He is a _______ (retire) airline pilot.

Keys: 1). is retiring　　 2). retire early from　　 3). retired

5. owe vt. 欠；应该把……归功于；感激，感恩

[典例]

1). He owes his father £50. = He owes £50 to his father. 他欠他父亲50英镑。

2). We owe this discovery to Newton. 我们的这一发现归功於牛顿。

[重点用法]

owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠(某人)债　　　　 owe sth to sb/sth将某事物归因或归功於某人/事

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。

1). How much do I owe you _______ the groceries?

2). He owes his success more _______ luck than _______ ability.

3). I owe a lot _______ my wife and children.

Keys: 1). for　　 2). to; to　　 3). to

4. accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积　 accumulation n [u,c] 积累

[典例]

1). By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. 她由於投资精明而积蓄了一笔财产。

2). Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly. 房屋不经常打扫, 尘土很快就越积越多。

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式。

1). A thick layer of dust _______ (accumulate) in the room, so he had to give it a thorough cleaning.

2). Despite this _______ (accumulate) of evidence, the Government persisted in doing nothing.

Keys: 1). had accumulated　 2). accumulation

3. forbid vt. (forbade or forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准；阻止妨碍

[典例]

1). The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers. 法律禁止使用化学肥料。

2). I forbid you to tell anyone. 我不准你告诉任何人。

[重点用法]

forbid sth. / doing sth. 禁止，不许(做某事)　　　　　　　　 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事

[练习] 翻译句子。

1). 飞机上禁止吸烟。

_________________________________________________________________________________

2). 他爸爸不准他和她交谈。

_________________________________________________________________________________

3). 要禁止小孩子不玩电脑游戏很难。

_________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). Smoking is forbidden on the plane.

　　 2). His father forbade him to talk to her.

　　 3). It is hard to forbid children (to play) computer games.

2. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) 着手；从事；承担；同意，答应，保证(后接to do)

[典例]

1). She undertook the responsibility for these changes. 她承担了做出这些改变的责任。

2). He undertook to pay the money back in one month. 他答应在一个月之内还钱。

[练习] 翻译句子。

1). 他答应在周五之前完成那份工作。________________________________________

2). 她负责整个项目的组织工作。___________________________________________

Keys: 1). He undertook to finish the work before Friday.

　　 2). She undertook the organization work of the whole project.

1. differ vi. 不同；相异 difference n. 不同之处　 different adj. 不同的　　　　　

[典例]

1). Their house differs from mine in having no garage. 他们的房子与我的不同，区别在于他们的没有起车库。

2). The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay. 双方在报酬的问题上仍各持己见。

[重点用法]

A differs from B in... A与B在……方面不同　 　　　 A differs with B about/on/over...　 A与B就……意见相左

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). The two squares differ _______ (介词) color but not _______ (介词) size.　　

2). The husband differs _______ (介词) the wife _______ (介词) who is to take charge of the money.

3). It doesn’ t make a ________ (differ) to me whether you are going to stay.

4). This is a different car ________ (介词) the one I drove yesterday.

Keys: 1). in; in　　 2). with; on/about/over　　 3). difference　　 4). from