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6. support vt.&n. 支持;拥护;支撑;赡养;给予帮助﹑ 同情等的人

[典例]

1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?

2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。

[重点用法]

support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭         support sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面支持某人 

support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人    in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物

support oneself 自力更生                     give support to sb. 支持、支援某人

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Will you support me _______ (介词) my campaign for election?

2). Jim was a great support _______ (介词) them when their father died.

3). 我求学期间由父母供养。

___________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). in  2). to   3). I was supported by my parents when I was studying.

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5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论;辩论;争论  argument n.[c]争论;争辩;争吵

[典例]

1). Don’ t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。

2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。

[重点用法]

argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护                  argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护

argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵      argue that... 主张……

argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事  have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事 

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。

1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (说服她加入) us.

2). We argued _______ the waiter _______ the price ______ the meal.

Keys: 1). argued her into joining   2). with; about; of

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4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬;尊重;重视 

[典例]

1). If you don’ t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢?

2). I have the greatest respect for you. 我非常尊敬您。     

[重点用法]

respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人                  have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事

gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬     out of respect 出于尊敬

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). The new officer soon ________ (赢得) the respect of his men.

2). I ________ you ________ (因某事而尊敬) your honesty.

3). I have great respect _______ (介词) his ideas, although I don’ t agree with them.

Keys: 1). won/earned     2). respect; for   3). for

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3. observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守  observation n.[u] 观察;观测;监视

[典例]

1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。

2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。

[重点用法]

observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完)       observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事   

under observation 被监视

[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1). They were observed ______ (enter) the bank then.

2). Keynes _______ _______ (观察到) humans fall into two classes.

Keys: 1). entering    2). observed that

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2. achievement n.[c]成就,功绩  achieve vt. 取得,完成

[典例]

1). He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝尔奖。

2). Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。

[重点用法]

achieve an aim / goal达到目标                achieve success 获得成功

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。

1). Without the support of the people we can _______ _______.  

2). I have achieved only half of _______ I hope to do.  

3). Congratulations to you      (介词) _______ such a complete victory. 

Keys: 1). achieve nothing   2). what   3). on; achieving

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1. behave vt.&vi. 举动;(举止或行为)表现  behavio(u)r n. 行为;举止;习惯     

[典例]

1). Behave yourself; don’ t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。

2). How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何?

[重点用法]

behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩            behaviour towards/to... 对……的态度/行为  

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). It’ s hard to train children to _______ _______ (举止得体) at the table.

2). She is always _______ _______ (举止得体) at school.

3). Their _______ (behave) _______ (介词) me shows that they do not like me.

Keys: 1). behave well     2). well behaved    3). behaviour towards

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III 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1. connect vt.连接;联系;
接通电话 vi.连接,衔接
connection n.联系,关
系;连接
 
2. argue vt.&vi.讨论;辩论
argument n.[c]争论;争辩;
 
3. crowd n. 人群,群众;
v. 聚集;挤满;挤,推
crowded adj.充(拥)满了的,拥挤的
 
4. inspire vt. 鼓舞;激发;
启示
inspiration n. 鼓舞;灵感
inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
5. considerate adj.体贴的,体谅的
consideration n.考虑,要考虑的事;体贴
considerable adj.相当大(或多)的
6. deliver vt.递送(邮件),接
生;生(小孩);发表(演说)
delivery n.[c,u]投递;演讲
deliverer 递送者
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). It was ________ (consideration) of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.
2). The good news _______ (inspire) us with hope.
3). The children had an _______ (argue) about what game to play.
4). Please pay on ________ (deliver).
5). Taking everything into ________ (consider), the event was a great success.
6). The narrow roads were ________ (crowd) with holiday traffic.
7). What is the _______ (connect) between the two ideas?
Keys:  1). considerate      2). inspired     3). argument      4). delivery      
5). consideration    6). crowded   7). connection      

IV 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

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I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. campaign / war / battle   2.worth / worthy / worthwhile   3. argue / debate
词形
变化
1. connect vt.连接;联系;
接通电话 vi.连接,衔接
connection n.联系,关
系;连接
 
2. argue vt.&vi.讨论;辩论
argument n.[c]争论;争辩;
 
3. crowd n. 人群,群众;
v. 聚集;挤满;挤,推
crowded adj.充(拥)满了的,拥挤的
 
4. inspire vt. 鼓舞;激发;
启示
inspiration n. 鼓舞;灵感
inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
5. considerate adj.体贴的,体谅的
consideration n.考虑,要考虑的事;体贴
considerable adj.相当大(或多)的
6. deliver vt.递送(邮件),接
生;生(小孩);发表(演说)
delivery n.[c,u]投递;
演讲
deliverer 递送者
重点
单词
1. achievement n.[C]成就,功绩  
2. behave vt.&vi. 举动;(举止或行为)表现
3. observe vt. 观察;观测;遵守
4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬;尊重;重视 
5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论;辩论;争论 
6. support vt.&n. 支持;拥护;支撑;赡养;给予帮助﹑ 同情等的人
7. intend vt. 计划;打算 
8. deliver vt. 接生(小孩),递送,发表(演说) 
重点
词组
1. look down upon / on蔑视;瞧不起
2. refer to 谈到;查阅;参考;查询;提及;指……而言
3. come across (偶然) 遇见;碰见
4. carry on 继续;坚持
5. live/lead a... life过着……的生活
重点句子
1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.
2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.
3. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not to use them.
重点语法
主谓一致(见语法部分)

II 词语辨析  (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1. campaign / war / battle  
[解释]
war “战争”的总称,一般包括多个战役的大规模战争。
battle “战斗”,指有组织的武装部队之间的战斗,有持续几小时的,也有持续几天的。
campaign“战役”,指在某一地区所进行的一连串有固定目的的军事行动,规模比battle大;还用来表“政治或商业性的活动、竞选活动”campaign for/against 从事运动
[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). They won the _______ but lost the _______.
2). The city hall is planning to start a _______ against smoking.
Keys:  1). battle; war   2). campaign   
2. worth / worthy / worthwhile
[解释]
worth 只能作表语,其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动一般形式: be worth doing
worthy可作表语,后接of+名词/of+动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of + n.
/ of being done / to be done
也作定语,“值得……的”,“有价值的”:a worthy winner名副其实的赢家
worthwhile可作表语和定语: a worthwhile job 值得做的工作 it is worthwhile to do/doing
[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). The necklace was ______ 100 francs at most.
2). It’ s ______ to discuss the question again.
3). You would find it ______ your while to come to the meeting.
4). Can’ t you find something ______ doing at all? The book is _______ _______ _______ (很
值得读) a second time.
5). This place of interest is worthy _______ _______ _______ / _______ _______ ______ /_______ _______ _______ (参观).
Keys:  1). worth   2). worthwhile    3). worth   4). worth; well worth reading
5). of a visit / of being visited / to be visited
3. argue / debate
[解释]
argue指某人坚持自己的主张,举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意见。
debate指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。
[练习]根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). We ______ with her ______ how to go there.
2). They ______ the case for hours.
3). They ______ the question openly.
4). Last week, our class had a ______ over whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school.
Keys: 1). argued; about   2). argued    3). debated   4). debate

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45、今年(2009年)是乙丑年,小明18岁,当小明28岁(2019年)时,是(  )年(括号内填天干地支)。(2分)

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44、世界文学中著名的“四大吝啬鬼”分别出自于下列作家之手:莎士比亚、巴尔扎克、(    )、(    )。(2分)

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