2. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems.

该句主干是He knows that... 。that引导的宾语从句是一个主从复合句，且从句位于主句之前，主句是the offspring will face the problems... ；从句是让步状语从句：even if he gets a dog viably pregnant；should they survive是个省略了if的条件状语从句，为插入语，修饰主句。另外，主句的宾语the problems后接有过去分词短语shown... 做后置定语，相当于一个定义从句(that)are shown... ；冒号后的名词短语做the problems的同位语。

语篇分析

本文题材涉及生物技术。作者从克隆动物这个角度间接论证克隆人的不可行性，主张应该慎重对待克隆人研究。它是一篇观点论证型文章，按照“提出观点-论证观点-重申观点”的脉络展开论述，可分成三部分。

第一段为第一部分，提出观点：克隆人是不可行的。

引用专家Mark Westhusin和一位试图克隆其爱犬的富人的话(never met a human worth cloning，a stupid endeavor)表达作者的观点。接着介绍Mark Westhusin所进行的克隆动物的实验(two calves，a cat and a dog)，并特别指出对狗的克隆最具难度(one of the mysteries of modern science)。

1. That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy.

该句主干是That's an interesting choice of adjective。现在分词短语coming from... 做后置定语，修饰前面的名词choice，相当于一个定语从句(which is)coming from... ；在分词短语中，定语从句who... 也做后置定语，修饰先行词a man。

10. Mr. Westhusin seems to believe that cloning______.

［A］ is stupid and should be abandoned　　 ［B］ has been close to success

［C］ should be taken cautiously　　　　　　　　　 ［D］ is now in a dilemma

核心词汇

confines　 n. limits or borders范围，界限；边界 例：the confines of human knowledge 人类的知识范围 / the confines of family life 家庭生活的范围

超纲词汇

aborted　 a. *① 流产的 ② 出问题的，出故障的

canine　 a. 犬的，犬科的

cramped　 a. 狭窄的，拥挤的 例：working in cramped conditions 在拥挤的环境里工作

embryo　 n. 胚胎

fetus　 n. 胎，胎儿

Missyplicity n.这是个临时造的词，是三个部分的合成：Missy指文中提到的那条狗密斯，

duplicate意为“复制”，?ity为名词后缀

plop　 vi.&vt.(使)扑通一声落下 例：Can you plop some ice in my drink? 能在我的饮料中放点冰块吗？ 文中是比喻用法，指“投入资金”

surrogate n.代理, 代理人,代用品 vt.使代理, 使代替；*surrogate mother 代理母体

veterinary　 a.兽医的 例：veterinary medicine/science兽医学

vexed　 a.*① 气恼的，烦恼的 例：the vexed parents of an unruly teenager因孩子难管教而气恼的父母 ②(问题等)争论不休的，难于解决的 例：vexed question/issue棘手的问题

viably ad. ① 可实施地，切实可行地 *② 能存活地，能生长发育地

长难句分析

9. From the passage we can infer that _____.

［A］ Mr. Westhusin is going to clone a dog soon

［B］ scientists are pessimistic about human cloning

［C］ human reproductive system has not been understood

［D］ rich people are only interested in cloning animals

8. Which of the following is true about animal cloning?

［A］Few private cloning companies could afford it

［B］Few people have realized its significance.

［C］ An exact copy of a cat or bull can be made.

［D］ It is becoming a prosperous industry.

7. What is the problem confronting the Missyplicity project?

［A］ The client holds a suspicious view toward it.

［B］ There is a lack of funds to support the research.

［C］ The owner is unwilling to disclose the information.

［D］ Cloning dogs is a difficult biological problem.

6. Mr. Westhusin thinks cloning is dangerous because_____ .

［A］ animals are tortured to death in the experiments

［B］the public has expressed strong disapproval

［C］ too many lives are wasted for laboratory use

［D］ cloning becomes a quest only for profit

5. 劳拉•麦休许诺让受到欺负的孩子做疾病测试是因为_________。

［A］ 她儿子承认他错了　　　　　 ［B］ 她害怕惹怒男孩的家长

［C］ 他可能会被这些疾病感染　　　 ［D］ 她想给儿子一个教训

［精解］ 答案D本题考查第五段的细节。该段举例说明应如何正确对待一位愤怒的家长的电话。该段倒数第三句提到，麦休许诺让受欺负的孩子做疾病测试，不仅让其母亲平静下来，也让自己的儿子知道父母是非常严肃地对待他的恶劣行为。由此可知［D］项正确。

全文翻译

我认为，电话发明后不久，就有人就打这样的电话。打电话的是一位家长，他(她)说：“你的孩子在欺负我的孩子，我希望这样的事情不要再发生！”而这位仗势欺人的孩子的家长却回答到：“你一定拨错号码了，我的孩子是个小天使。”

自此以后，这样的电话不计其数，但电话内容却没有改变。当孩子遭到取笑或被蛮横对待时，父母的本能反应都是抓起电话，大声抱怨。但是最近，当美国的研究表明以强凌弱现象在增多而父母的管教在减少时，以强凌弱现象的研究者们却发现给父母打电话毫无用处。这样的电话常常只导致责备，并不能真正教育孩子如何在世界上生存和解决冲突。

伊利诺斯州伊文斯顿市区的儿童心理学家劳拉•卡维许说，“当你打电话给仗势欺人的孩子的父母时，你是想让对方改正他们孩子的残忍行为。但是许多父母对自己孩子有这样的行为感到非常震惊，他们不愿意相信”。最近警察部门在华盛顿橡木港口进行的调查显示，当地89%的高中生承认有过仗势欺人的行为。但只有18%的家长认为他们的孩子会成为仗势欺人者。

在美国家长与教师联合会新的调查中，5%的家长认为应当通过与其他家长联系来解决以强凌弱问题。但是很多专家警告说这样的对话可能会被误解，使对方勃然大怒。相反，他们认为家长应该找较客观的旁观者如学校校长等来进行调解。

同时，如果接到了一位对你的孩子仗势欺人的行为感到愤怒的家长的电话，你应该倾听，而不是一心想自卫。当加里福尼亚卡斯楚谷市的劳拉•麦休接到电话，被告知她13岁的儿子朝另外一个孩子的食物中吐吐沫时，她就这样做了。她儿子已经承认了。麦休说，“但受害者的母亲想确保我儿子没有传染给她儿子什么严重的疾病”。她道歉并许诺让这个男孩做艾滋和其他严重疾病的测试。她知道通过那种方式传染疾病的几率非常小，但她的许诺使对方母亲平静了下来，并且也让自己的儿子知道父母非常严肃地对待他的恶劣行为。麦休是教授父母技能的“父母教导孩子”组织的创始人。她将测试结果送给那位母亲，所有项目都显示阴性。

记住：一旦打电话，你可能会听到不想听的话。如果你手指发痒，忍住。把手放在口袋里。

Text 2

“I've never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “It's a stupid endeavor.” That's an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year-or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man's best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.

Westhusin's experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy's DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you're dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.

Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin's phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine　 has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy's mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He's plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund　 the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy?s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy's owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”

The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin's work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at　 birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we?re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?” ［397 words］

4. 当恃强欺弱问题发生时，父母应该_______。

［A］ 帮助恃强欺弱的孩子改掉残忍的行为　　　　 ［B］ 求助调停者的帮助

［C］ 避免变得太过自我保护　　　　　　　　　　 ［D］ 抵挡打电话的诱惑

［精解］ 答案B本题考查作者观点。第三段首句提到，受欺负的孩子的家长打电话是希望对方家长能改正其孩子恃强欺弱的毛病。可见，［A］项并不是作者的观点。第五段首句提到，接到电话的家长不要自我保护。第六段提到，如果你想拨电话，一定要忍住诱惑。显然［C］和［D］项是分别针对“接到电话”和“打电话”的家长而言的。只有［B］项在第四段提到，是教育者对双方家长给出的建议，因此也是作者同意的观点。

3. 根据美国的调查表明，______。

［A］ 成人中的恃强欺弱现象也在增加　　　 ［B］ 父母没有很好地看管他们的孩子

［C］ 父母很少相信恃强欺弱者　　　　　 　　［D］ 大部分父母打电话解决恃强欺弱问题

［精解］ 答案B本题考查事实细节。第二段第三句提到，研究表明恃强欺弱现象增加，父母看管减少，因此［B］项正确，［A］项无从得知。第三段最后用数据说明，父母很少相信自己的孩子会恃强欺弱。［C］项换成了不相信恃强欺弱者本身，错误。第四段首句提到，研究表明5%的父母支持找家长解决恃强欺弱问题。［D］项错在most(大部分)，与事实不符。