4. such as像这样的(用来列举事物)。
I visited several cities, such as New York, Chicago and Boston.
我游览过几个城市,像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等
辨析:for example, such as, such…as:that is;
for example 用来列举同类中的一个为例,可以是一个句子,也可以是一个单词或词组。在句中的位置较灵活,可位于句首、句中或句尾
For example, he is very brave.
比如,他非常勇敢。
such as 用来列举事物(一类),放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,as之后切不可有逗号(列举部分事例)。
that is 用来列举全部事物,故在被列举事例前面,并用逗号隔开
区别上述三个短语的关键是:
1)判断是列举部分举例还是列举全部事例,2)在句中的位置。3) 举例说明还是列举
This machine is very useful in daily life, such as in making bread.
这台机器在日常生活中是很有用的,比如做面包。
such…as… 意思是“像……那样的”,其中as为介词,不能同etc.和and so on连用。例如:
Such men as Edison, Einstein and Lincoln are great men.
像爱迪生、爱因斯坦和林肯这样的人都是伟人。
[即境活用]
The teacher praised him very often, ____he is a good student in our class.
A. such as B. For example C. such---as D. That is
[答案]D
3. make use of 利用;使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
[即境活用]
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
2. come up
(1)(人)走近;靠近
He came up smiling to me 他微笑着向我走来
(2)(太阳,月亮)升起
The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.
月亮出来时,天空是深蓝色的,非常晴朗
(3)出席;出现
I came up for interview but didn’t get the job.
我到场接受了面议,但并没得到工作
(4)发芽;长出
New shoots of bamboo will come up from around the roots of the old ones.
从老(竹)竿的根周围又会长出新的幼芽(竹笋)来
[拓展延伸]
Come up with (针对问题等)提出,想出,提供
Come about 发生
come across 邂逅
come at 攻击,向……扑来
come from 出身于
come out 出版;开花
come to 达到;苏醒;谈到
come after 跟在……后面
come along 一起来,过来
come down 下来,败落
come on 加油,跟我来,进行,进展
come in 进来
[即境活用]
He_____to Beijing days ago; and he will work for months as a visiting professor in Beijing University.
A. come up B. camp up C. went down D. leaves for
[答案]B 考查动词短语的辨析。come up to 此处意思是“到达----”符合题意。时态与ago保持一致。
1. because of
because of 因为,由于(为复合介词,后接名词或代词)。
He had to retire because of ill health.
他因为健康状况不佳,所以不得不退休
[拓展延伸] because, as, since, for都表示原因,但意义不同
because直接原因,语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中,也只能用because。
as 用于解释做某事的原因,语气较弱,通常位于主句前。
since 表示的原因是指众所周知的事实,意思“既然”。语气比because弱。通常位于主句前,并常与as换用
for 并列连词,连接并列分句,表示一种补充说明,是推测或判断的理由,语气较弱
Because 接从句,because of接名词,代词,动名词
7. block vt. 堵塞;阻碍n. 街区;木块;石块
[典例]
1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块
block out 堵住
block off 封锁;封闭
block up 堵塞;阻碍
[即境活用]中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
[重点短语]
6. recognize vt. 辨认出;承认
5. request n.&vt 请求;要求
4.
.
辨析request, command和order
request要求,请求,语气比其他两项委婉;order和command在用法上很相似,command和order都有“命令”之意
都可以接名词、从句作宾语,接不定式作宾语补足语,接从句时从句要用虚拟语气。
command 指权威方面正式下令,主要用于军事场合
The general commanded his men to attack the city.
将军命令士兵攻城。
order执行任务或掌权者发布命令时使用,为常用词,可用于正式或非正式场合。
The police officer ordered that I should get out of the car.
警察命令我从汽车里出来
[即境活用]The newly founded chess club formally___ us to attend the opening ceremony.
A. requested B. Required C. demanded D. commanded
[解析]A 考查request sb. to do sth. BCD语气强硬,按照句意A符合
3. frequent adj.频繁的,常见的
辨析:frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular
[解释]
frequent经常的,时间或间歇很短的发生或出现
common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的
ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的,有时含贬义
general一般性的,到处的;不限于领域、地区或应用
regular平常的;惯例的;习惯性的、通常的或正常的
[即境活用]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). This is a ___________ problem.
2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment.
3).Look at the train’s ___________ schedule.
4).The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.
5).As a ____________ rule I am home by six.
答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). General
1. voyage n.航行,航海
辨析:voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
[解释]
voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行
journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行
travel: 一系列的旅程,尤指旅行的概念
trip: (短途)旅行
tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行
[即境活用]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow.
2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months.
3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend.
4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle.
答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). Tour
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