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23.(2010红河自治州)(本小题满分14分)如图9,在直角坐标系xoy中,O是坐标原点,点A在x正半轴上,OA=cm,点B在y轴的正半轴上,OB=12cm,动点P从点O开始沿OA以cm/s的速度向点A移动,动点Q从点A开始沿AB以4cm/s的速度向点B移动,动点R从点B开始沿BO以2cm/s的速度向点O移动.如果P、Q、R分别从O、A、B同时移动,移动时间为t(0<t<6)s.

(1)求∠OAB的度数.

(2)以OB为直径的⊙O与AB交于点M,当t为何值时,PM与⊙O相切?

(3)写出△PQR的面积S随动点移动时间t的函数关系式,并求s的最小值及相应的t值.

(4)是否存在△APQ为等腰三角形,若存在,求出相应的t值,若不存在请说明理由.

解:(1)在Rt△AOB中:

tan∠OAB=

∴∠OAB=30°

(2)如图10,连接OP,OM. 当PM与⊙O相切时,有∠PM O=∠PO O=90°,

  △PM O≌△PO O

由(1)知∠OBA=60°

∵OM= OB

∴△OBM是等边三角形

∴∠B OM=60°

可得∠O OP=∠M OP=60°

∴OP= O O·tan∠O OP

   =6×tan60°=

又∵OP=t

t=,t=3

即:t=3时,PM与⊙O相切.

(3)如图9,过点Q作QE⊥x于点E

  ∵∠BAO=30°,AQ=4t

  ∴QE=AQ=2t

  AE=AQ·cos∠OAB=4t×

∴OE=OA-AE=-t

  ∴Q点的坐标为(-t,2t)

  SPQR= SOAB -SOPR -SAPQ -SBRQ

       =

    =

    =  ()

  当t=3时,SPQR最小=

  (4)分三种情况:如图11.

1当AP=AQ1=4t时,

∵OP+AP=

t+4t=

∴t=

或化简为t=-18

2当PQ2=AQ2=4t时

 过Q2点作Q2D⊥x轴于点D,

∴PA=2AD=2A Q2·cosA=t

t+t =

∴t=2

3当PA=PQ3时,过点P作PH⊥AB于点H

 AH=PA·cos30°=(-t)·=18-3t

AQ3=2AH=36-6t

得36-6t=4t,

∴t=3.6

   综上所述,当t=2,t=3.6,t=-18时,△APQ是等腰三角形.

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14.(2010红河自治州) 已知圆锥的底面直径为4,母线长为6,则它的侧面展开图的圆心角为  120° .

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