66．Put the following events in order of time.

　　　 ①The Katyn Massacre

　　　 ②Poland switched to capitalism.

　　　 ③Russia divided Poland with Austria and Prussia.

　　　 ④Poland became a communist country.

　　　 ⑤Poland was invaded by the Soviet Army.

　　　 A．③①④⑤②　　　　 B．③⑤①④②　　　　 C．①③⑤④②　　　　 D．①⑤②④③

65．Which of the following statements about the discovery is FALSE?

　　　 A．Complex life usually lives on other forms of life.

　　　 B．Scientists saw two creatures in the two – minute video.

　　　 C．It is possible for creatures to live 180 meters below the ice though there is no light.

　　　 D．Scientists captured the shrimp – like creature in a camera by drilling a hole through the ice.

C

　　 A plane crash in Western Russian killed Polish President Lech Kaczynski and the other 96 political and military officials on board on April 10. The accident has led to huge national mourning in Poland. But it may provide an opportunity for reconciliation (和解) between Poland and Russia, countries that have a troubled relationship.

Many from the political elite were lost in the crash. Beside the president, the dead include the army chief of Staff, the head of National Security Bureau, the national bank president, the deputy foreign minister and other members of parliament.

The Polish delegation was heading to Russia to mark the 70 th anniversary of the Katyn Massacre (屠杀) when the accident occurred. In 1940, about 22,000 Polish soldiers, intellectuals, and officials captured after the Soviet Army invaded Poland in 1939, were killed secretly by Soviet police in the forest of Russia’s Katyn.

The Katyn Massacre had been a sensitive topic between the countries. The former Soviet Union always denied responsibility for the massacre. It was not until 1992 that Russian released archived documents about the killing.

Katyn is merely a short chapter in Poland and Russia’s long and troubled history. In the 18 th century, along with Prussia, (then an important part of Germany) and Austria. Russia participated in three carve – ups of Poland. In 1795, after the third carve – up, the country was erased from the map of Europe. It was in 1918 that Poland regained its independence. But in 1939, at the beginning of the World War II, it was invaded by Germany and the Soviet Union under a secret pact. After the war, Poland became a communist country with close ties to the Soviet Union.

In 1989, Poland switched to capitalism and pursued a pro – West position. The most recent tension between the two countries was in 2008. That year, Poland decided to have a US missile shield (导弹防御系统) on its soil, while neighboring Russia threatened to aim missiles at Poland.

But the plane crash has created a chance for reconciliation, with Russia sharing the sadness of Poland. Russia has declared April 12 a day of mourning for the victims. Flags flew at half – mast in Moscow. And earlier on April 7, Russia Prime Minister Vladimir Putin became the first Russian leader to mark the anniversary of the massacre.

“I think it should improve relations between the two countries, as Russians feel our grief,” said Radek Sikorski, Pland’s foreign minister.

64．The last three paragraphs suggest that 　　　　.

　　　 A．researchers will look at the places the creatures came from

　　　 B．ice scientists will drill deeper to find more creatures

　　　 C．scientists know very little about the planet they live on

　　　 D． further research will be done about what the creatures live on

63．The finding is significant in that 　　　　　.

　　　 A．it marks NASA’S first Antarctic biological study

　　　 B．it proves there is marine life in the Antarctic

　　　 C．it could inspire further study of life in harsh environments

　　　 D．it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps

62．According to Kim, the shrimp – like creature 　　　　.

　　　 A．swam great distances to Antarctic　　　　　 B．has always lived in the region

　　　 C．gradually evolved from shrimps　　　　　　 D．has nothing in common with shrimps

61．Scientists had believed that harsh environments could only have been populated by 　　　.

　　　 A．jellyfish　　　　　　　 B．mammals　　　　　　 C．microbes　　　　　　 D．shrimp – like creatures

60．What can we know from the research?

　　　 A．Forgetfulness is rather troublesome.

　　　 B．It’s important to feel in a good mood.

　　　 C．It’s memorable to experience a rainy day.

　　　 D．Gloomy days are good for memorizing things.

B

In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have found a shrimp -like creature and a jellyfish swimming beneath an Antarctic ice sheet.

About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scientists had figured nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.

That’s why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp – like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the camera’s cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.

“We were operating on the presumption that nothing’s there.” Said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp you’d enjoy having on your plate.”

“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said of the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two – minute video. Technically, it’s not a shrimp. It’s a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.

The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinking that if shrimp – like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter?

Cynan Ellis – Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible the creatures swam in from far away and don’t live there permanently.

But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm – wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means it’s unlikely that two creatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small of an area,” she said.

Yet scientist were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp can’t, Kim said.

“So how do they survive? That’s the key question.” Kim Sai.

“It’s pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.

59．According to Joe Forgas, on sunny days, people 　　　　.

　　　 A．will make careful judgments on others

　　　 B．tend to pay more attention to their surroundings

　　　 C．will have more confidence

　　　 D．will have a better recall

58．In the research, researchers play different music to 　　　　.

　　　 A．make customers become sadder or happier

　　　 B．help customers choose what they want

　　　 C．promote customers to buy more goods

　　　 D．get customers to make a quick choice

57．The underlined word “flunked” in Paragraph2 may mean “　　　 ”.

　　　 A．conducted　　　　　 B．failed　　　　　　　　　 C．passed　　　　　　　　 D．understood