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5.     previous adj.先的, 前的; 事前的; 以前的

[重点用法]

previous to 在……之前

[典例]

1)He did better in his previous study.他在预习方面做得好。

2)His previous attempt was successful. 他以前的尝试成功了。

3)Previous to the conference we had discussed the matter.

在会议召开之前,我们讨论了这个问题.

[练习] 汉译英

1)你以前有过这种工作经验吗?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)来这里之前,我为你准备了文件.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1)Do you have any previous experience of this kind of job? 2)Previous to coming here, I prepared all the documents for you.

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4.     remind v.提醒;使想起

[典例]

1) The picture reminds me of my college days.这张照片使我想起了大学里的日子。

2) Remind me to write to father.请提醒我给父亲写信。

3) Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.请提醒我九点前给她打个电话。

[重点用法]

remind sb.of sth.=remind sb.about... 提醒某人某事;

remind sb.that也可以表示“提醒某人做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。

[考例]单项填空

 What you said just now_____ me of that American professor.

A. mentioned  B. informed  C. reminded  D. memorized

[解析]remind sb. of sth.使/让某人想起某事;informed sb. of sth.通知某人事情。A,D都无此结构。答案:C。

[练习]根据句子的意思在横线里填入适当的词。  

1)Please remind yourself often ______ your weak points,shortcomings and mistakes.  

2)Please remind him _______________(post)the letters.

Keys: 1) of 2) to post

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3.     impression n.印;印痕;印记;印象;意念;概念

[典例]

1) Your performance gave me a strong impression.你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。

2) What I said made no impression on him.我的话对他不起作用。

[重点用法]

impress v.留下印象

impress sth.on/upon one's mind 把……牢记在心上

have an impression of sth./doing sth.that…

make an impression on sb.  给某人留下印象

make no impression on 对……无影响/效果

give sb.a favorable impression给某人以好印象

an impression of sb's foot某人的脚印

[练习] 汉译英

1)     我隐约记得我们以前曾经见过面

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)     你对他的印象如何? (他给你的印象怎样?)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3)     我父亲让我铭记艰苦劳动的价值。

Keys: 1)I have the impression that we have met once before. 2)What's your impression of him? 3)My father impressed on me the value of hard work.

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2.     settlement n. 1) 定居点[C]  2)(解决纷争的)协议[C]  3) 解决,处理[U]

[典例]

1) The Indians often attacked the settlements of the colonist.

印地安人经常袭击殖民者的定居点。

2) The strikers and the employers have reached a settlement over new working conditions.

  罢工者已经与顾主就新的工作条件达成了协议。

3) After the settlement of our differences, we became friends. 消除分歧后,我们成了朋友。

[重点用法]

settle v.定居

come to a settlement解决; 决定; 和解

settle in Canada. 定居加拿大

settle down安顿下来:过稳定有序的生活:

[练习] 汉译英

1) 他与一家人安顿下来务农

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 她丈夫死后,她定居俄亥俄

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) He settled down as a farmer with a family. 2) After the death of her husband, she settled her family in Ohio.

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1.     private adj. 1)私人的;个人的 2)私下的, 保密的;

[典例]

1) When children grow up, they are eager to get private rooms for themselves.

当孩子长大了,他们都渴望有自己的房间。

2) I wish to have a private talk with you. 我想私底下和你谈谈。

[练习] 汉译英

1)    老师应该允许孩子具有自己的观点。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)    私下讨论后,他们达成令人满意的协议。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1)Teachers should allow children to have their private opinion. 2) They reached a satisfying agreement after the private discussion.

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settlement n. 定居;解决
settle v. 安放, 使定居, 安排; 安家, 定居
surrounding n. 周围的事物;环境 
surround v. 包围, 围绕
press v. 按;压;逼迫
pressure n. 压, 压力,
require v. 需要;要求;命令
requirement n. 需要;要求;命令
impression n. 印象, 感想,
impress v. 印, 留下印象
[练习]根据句子结构,用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1)_________ by green hill on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city really enjoys nice ______________.(surrounding)
2)It’s time you _________ your difference with your father. (settlement)
3)---What’s your __________ of the new teacher?
---He is a kind and handsome young man, but what _____ me most is his sense of humour.(impression)
4)It is _________ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the _________. (require)
5)The nurse ______ the wound and the _______ to the arm stopped the bleeding at last. (press)
keys: 1)Surrounded; surroundings 2)settled; 3)impression; impresses 4)required; requirement 5)pressed; pressure

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18.(1)樊叔略很有谋略,通晓热悉当时的事务,宇文护慢慢委以重任,很信任他,让他同时督察朝廷内外政务。

(“计数”、“晓习”、“委”、“信”,每错译、漏译一处扣1分)

(2)那时齐王宪向来就有吞并关东的意图,樊叔略借着别的事多次进献用兵之策,齐王认为他很有奇才。

(“素”、“因”、“进”、“奇”,每错译、漏译一处扣1分)

(3)尉迥的部将宇文威进犯,樊叔略击退了他。

(“寇”、“击走”,每错译、漏译一处扣1分)

[文言文译文]

樊叔略是陈留人。父亲樊欢,出仕东魏做南兖州刺史、东阳侯。适逢高氏专权,樊欢密谋振兴恢复朝廷纲常,被高氏杀害。樊叔略当时还是个孩子,就遭受了腐刑,发派到宫殿衙门做仆役。叔略身高九尺,精神气度不同一般,很是被高氏疑忌。樊叔略内心惶恐不安,于是就逃到关西(北周)。

周太祖一见就认为他有才干,招用他在身边办事。不久之后,就授予他都督的官职,让他袭父爵为侯。大冢宰宇文护执政时,招用他为中尉。叔略很有谋略,通晓熟悉当时的事务,宇文护慢慢委以重任,很信任他,让他同时督察朝廷内外政务。几次升迁至骠骑大将军、开府仪同三司。宇文护被诛杀后,齐王宇文宪用他做园苑监。那时齐王宪向来就有吞并关东的意图,樊叔略借着别的事多次进献用兵之策,齐王认为他很有奇才。建德五年,跟随周武帝讨伐北齐,叔略率领精锐部队,每次作战都身先士卒。因为战功被赐加上开府,进而封为清乡县公,食邑一千四百户。朝廷任命他为汴州刺史,为政号称清明果决。周宣帝时,在洛阳营建东京,因为叔略有巧思,被授予营构监,宫室规划,都是他确定的。工程还未完成而宣帝就驾崩了。

尉迥叛乱时,高祖命令叔略镇守大梁。尉迥的部将宇文威来进犯,樊叔略击退了他。因功被授予大将军,不久又做汴州刺史。高祖接受禅让称帝,叔略位次升迁为上大将军,提升爵位为安定郡公。在汴州多早,为官很有声誉。邺(北齐的都城)都民风不淳,号称是最难教化的,朝廷因为经叔略所治理的地方都很出名,调任他为相州刺史,他的政绩是当时的第一。皇帝颁下诏书嘉奖他,赐给他绸缎三百匹,粟米五百石,并且告示天下。百姓因此称赞说:“智无穷,清乡公。上下正,樊安定。”樊叔略被征召做司农卿,官员们没有不流泪的,一起立碑

颂扬他的德政。从开始做司农,举凡农业耕作,叔略另外进行整治规划,都出人意料。朝廷中有犹豫拖延、公卿不能决断的事务,叔略总是为他们评议处理。叔略虽然没有学问,说话做事能有所依照,但是他深思后的独列见解,暗里与事理吻合。樊叔略很被皇帝亲信,高颎、杨素也以礼相待。叔略个性很喜欢铺排奢华,每次施斋供养,一定开方丈,准备水陆法会。

   开皇十四年,跟随皇帝到泰山祭祀,走到洛阳,皇帝命令他审查记录罪犯的罪状。他写好奏章要上奏,早上起来,行到狱门口,在马上突然去世,时年五十九岁。皇帝哀痛惋惜了很长时间,追赠他为亳州刺史,谥号为襄。

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17.C(“百姓称赞”并不是因为“营建宫殿”的事)

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16.B(①是外表②是作战勇敢④说明其巧思,并不等同于政绩出色)

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15.D(而:表顾承|表转折;为:介词,表被动|表判断,可译为“是”;之:代词|音节助词;以:都是连词,“因为”)

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