1．What problems do you think people in the future will have overcome?

你认为未来的人们将克服什么问题?

[解释] 此句为复杂疑问句，其句式结构为：疑问词+do you think+其余部分(其余部分为陈述语序),do you think 为插入成分。能用于此句型的动词有：think，believe，suppose，imagine，suggest，expect等。

[典例]

1)Who do you think is the tallest in your class?你认为在你们班谁最高?

2)What do you believe matters when we take up the work?你认为我们从事这项工作什么东西最要紧?

3)Who do you suppose will win the game?你认为谁会赢得这比赛?

[注意]

1)如果此句型的动词后面的从句里有否定意义，往往要把否定前置。如：

I don't think it’s right to do so．我想这样做是不对的。

2)该句型变反意疑问句，主句主语是第一人称且是现在时态时，反问部分与从句一致，否则与主句一致。如:

I think that he has been to Beijing，hasn't he?

He thinks that their team are sure to win the game，doesn't he?

[练习] 汉译英

1)你觉得我们什么时候见面好?

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2)我想他们马上就到.

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Keys: 1)when do you think is convenient for us to have a meeting?

2)I believe they will arrive shortly.

4.sweep up打扫；横扫

[短语归纳]

sweep aside放[堆]到一边, 不予理会

sweep away扫清, 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走

sweep off扫清; 吹走; 大量清除

sweep out扫掉; 清除

sweep over将...一扫而光

[练习]选择短语并用恰当的形式填空。

1) After the party, the house needed ____________.

2) The leaves were _________ into the air by the strong wind.

A. sweep off　 B. sweep over　 C. sweep up　 D. sweep out

Keys: 1.sweeping up 2. swept up

3.lose sight of/ catch sight of不再看见....../ 瞥见……

[重点用法]

get／have(a)sight of　 看见，发现

at(the)sight of 一看见

at first sight　 乍一见　　

out of sight　 不被看见，在视线之外　　

out of sight of　 在……看不见的地方

in／within sight　 被见到，在视线内

in／within sight of在……看得见的地方

[练习] 汉译英

1)　　　 他一直挥手直至火车消失在视线中.

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2)　　　 尽管忙于家务，那个母亲也能让孩子不走出她的视线。

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3)　　　 一看到这幅画,教授就被深深地吸引住了。

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Keys: 1)He waved until the train was out of sight. 2)Though busy with housework, the mother still can keep her child in sight. 3)At the sight of the painting, the professor was attracted deeply.

2.be similar to 与……相似

[典例]

1) His views are similar to mine.他的观点与我的很相似.

2) They are similar to each other in appearance.他们在长相上非常相似。

[相似短语归纳]

be familiar to …对某人来说是熟悉的

be familiar with 某人对…很熟悉

in a similar way以与...相似的方式

[练习] 汉译英

1)　　　 如果我们总是以相似的方法去思考,我们几乎不能跳出这个圈子。

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2)　　　 在经济发展方面,印度和中国很相似。

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Key: 1) We can hardly escape the circle if we still think in a similar way. 2) India is very similar to China in the development of economy.

1. take up　 从事；占(时间、空间、注意力、等)；继续

　[典例]

1)This table takes up too much room．这张桌子太占地方。

2)She has taken up a job as a teacher．她当上老师了。

3)This chapter takes up where the last one off．　 本章继续上一章的内容。

[短语归纳]

take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞：打折：作为折扣而减价：

take over接管：获得对…的控制或管理

take apart拆开：分开后将…分成许多部分

take for把…视作：误认为

take …for granted认为……是理所当然

take down写下,记下

take back收回(诺言);

[练习]根据括号里所给的汉语补全句子或翻译句子。　　

1)To keep healthy，Professor Johnson __________(从事；开始做)cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired．　　

2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _______(从事，占据)most of her day．

3) 你以为我是个傻瓜吗?

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4) 不要把沉默误认为是同意。

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Keys: 1)took up 2)takes up 3) Do you take me for a fool? 4)Don't take silence for approval.

8.　　　　 assist vt.／vi．帮助；援助订．参与，出席

[重点用法]

assist sb． in/with sth．辅助(某人)某事

assist sb．in doing sth．　 辅助(某人)做某事

assist sb．to do sth．　 辅助(某人)做某事

assist with　 帮助(照料，做)；在……上给予帮助

[典例]

1)I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity．

有机会我愿随时帮你。

2)I'm afraid I can't assist you，you have to go and see the manager．

我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。

3)The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free．

有空时校长帮忙做了很多事。

4)You will be required to assist Mrs．Smith in preparing a report．

你将要帮助史密斯夫人准备一份报告。

[练习]　 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。　　

1)The young nurse was very nervous when she ________ in her first operation．　　

2)A team of nurses __________ the doctor ________ performing me operation．

3)She employed a woman to _____ her _____ the housework．　　

4)Good glasses will ________ you _________ read．　

Keys: 1)was assisting 2)assisted; in 3) assist; with 4)assist; to

Ⅳ重点词组　 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

7.　　　　 require v.需要；要求；命令

[重点用法]　　

require+ n./ pron. /doing sth./ to do sth．/that-clause

[典例]

1) This suggestion will require careful thought. 这建议需要仔细考虑。　　

2) To carry out this plan would require increasing our staff by 50%．　　

执行这-计划需要增加50%的人员。　　

[练习]用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。　　

1)His health requires that he _____(go)to bed early．　　

2)The floor requires _______ (wash)．　　

Keys: 1) (should) go　 2)washing

6.　　　　 lack vt.缺乏；没有　 n.缺乏；短缺的东西

[重点用法]

lack sth.(wisdom／common sense／money缺乏智慧／常识/金钱)

be lacking in (courage／determination to do...) 缺乏做某事的勇气／决心

a／the lack of…　 ……的缺乏

for lack of　 因缺乏……

have no lack of 不缺乏

[典例]

1) You will not be lacking in support from me. 你将得到我的帮助

2) I lacked for nothing. 我不需要任何东西

[练习]用lack的适当形式填空。　　

1)Though _________(1ack)money，his parents managed to send him to university．　　

2)He completely _______ conscience．

3)She is ________ in responsibility.

4) ______ of rest makes her look tired.

Keys: 1)lacking 2)lacked 3) lacking 4)Lack