8. hold one’ s breath 屏息;屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope. 杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。
[短语归纳] breath短语:
(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促;喘不过气来;上气不接下气 catch one’ s breath屏住气;歇口气
lose one’ s breath 气喘嘘嘘;上气不接下气 get one’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)(对某人/某事物)白费唇舌 save one’ s breath不必白费唇舌
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
答案:1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath 4). get our breath back 5). out of breath
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用;履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语:
break one’ s word/promise 违背诺言,失信 Word came that… 有消息传来说……
leave word 留言,口信 have/say the last word下结论;说了算
have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话 have words with sb. 与某人争吵
take back one’s words 收回自己说过的话 in other words 换句话说,也就是说
in a/one word 总之,简言之 in words 用文字 beyond words 无法用语言表达
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones?
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
答案:1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word
6. turn up 出现;到达;发现;调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up. 到开会的时间了,但他还没到。
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。
[短语归纳] turn 短语:
turn on打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等) turn off 关上 turn down减弱,降低,拒绝
turn around/about 转过身来 turn away 转过头
turn out生产,制造;(常与to, that连用)结果是 turn to sb./sth. (for help) 向……求助,查阅
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
答案:1). turn up 2). turn; up 3). turned out 4). turned to
5. look forward to 盼望;期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词,后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式:
lead to导致;通向 object to反对 refer to查阅;提到 stick to粘住;坚持
add to 增加 add up to 总计 compare......to 把……比作 see to 负责,处理
get close to接近;差点 get down to着手做…… get/be used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意……
put an end to 结束,停止 admit to 承认 devote...to 贡献……给;致力于……
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
答案:1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑;对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
答案:1). on 2). being played
3. dress up 盛装;打扮;装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress up. Come as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服--就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语:
dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人
be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
答案:1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念;追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语:
in honour of 为了纪念……;向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂 in favor of 赞同, 支持
in charge of 负责 in need of 需要 in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有
in place of 代替
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
答案:1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of (动词短语)代替/取代 in place of (介词短语)代替;交换
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. 坐某人的座位;代替某人的职务 in the last place 最后
in place 放在原来的位置;适合的,恰当的 out of place不在合适的位置;不适当的
in the first place (列举理由)首先,第一点 in one’s place 处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______?
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
答案: 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅;饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你!
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事 forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
答案:1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interrupting
7. remind vt. 提醒;使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that... 提醒某人/使某人想起……
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
__________________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案:1). These photos remind me of my childhood.
2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.
Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.
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