4. carry on 继续；坚持

[典例]

1). Carry on (working/with your work) while I'm away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。

2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。

[短语归纳] carry短语：

carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事　　　　　 　　　　　　 carry out 贯彻，执行

carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 　　　　　　 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物

carry about随身携带　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　　　　 carry away运走, 使失去自制力

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。

1). They decided to _______ _______ in spite of the weather.

2). Extensive tests have _______ _______ _______ on the patient.

3). It is a difficult job but she’ s the person to carry it _______.

4). Don’ t blame me. I’ m only _______ _______ my orders.

Keys: 1). carry on　　 2). been carried out on　 3). through　 4). carrying out

3. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然) 遇见；碰见　　　

[典例]

1). I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。

2). She came across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。

[短语归纳] come短语：

come about = happen 发生　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　 come from 来自

come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出　 　　　　 come up 升起；发生；出现

come up with sth 找到或提出(答案﹑办法等)

[练习] 用come短语的适当形式填空。

1). I _______ _______ some new words while reading. 　

2). His new book will _______ _______ next month.

3). She _______ _______ _______ a new idea for increasing sales.

4). Can you tell me how the accident _______ _______?

5). How did it _______ _______ that he knew where we were?

Keys: 1). came across　 2). come out　 3). came up with　 4). came about　 5). came about

2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指……而言　　　

[典例]

1). We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我们同意不再谈这件事了。

2). She thought I was referring to her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。

[重点用法]

refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向……求助　

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Although she didn’ t mention any names, everyone knew who she was ______ ______(指).

2). He gave the speech _______ _______ _______ (没有参阅) his notes.

3). He likes to _______ _______ _______ _______ (被称为) “Doctor Khee”.

4). My doctor referred me _______ (介词) a hospital specialist.

Keys: 1). referring to　 2). without referring to 　　　 　3). be referred to as　 4). to

1. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起

[典例]

1). She looks down on people who've never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。

2). You can’ t look down upon a person because he is poor. 你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。

[重点用法] look短语：

look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作　　　　　　 look on 袖手旁观　

look into sth. 调查或观察某事物　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 look up 查阅(单词、资料)；向上看　　

look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人) 　　　　　　　　　　　 look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物

[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). He was ______ ______ ______ (被人看不起) because of his humble background.　

2). He is ______ ______ _______ (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject.

3). If you want to know how a word is used, ______it ______ in a dictionary.

Keys: 1). looked down on　　 2). looked on as　　 3). look; up　　

8. deliver vt.接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说)　 delivery n. 投递　 deliverer 递送者，交货人

[典例]

1). The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。

2). Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致开幕词。

[重点用法]

deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 delivere sth. to ...... 把某物送到……　

express delivery快递　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 on delivery 送达时，货到时

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。

1). Some new books have ______ (deliver) ______ (介词) the schoo1.

2). The actor _______ his speech _______ (介词) a soft voice.

Keys: 1). been delivered; to　　 2). delivered/gave; in　

V 重点词组　 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

7. intend vt. 计划；打算　 intention n. 意图，意向，目的

[典例]

1). I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying. 听说他们要结婚了。

2). I intend you to take over. 我打算让你来接管。

[重点用法]

intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do sth. 打算做某　 　　　　　 sth. be intended for (某物)是为而准备的

intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事　　　　　 　　　　　 intend sth. as/to be 打算让某物作……用

intend that... 打算……

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). This book is ______ ______ ______ (是为初学者写的).

2). Was that remark intended _______ (介词) a joke?

3). I didn’ t intend her ______ (see) the painting until it was finished.

Keys: 1). intended for　 2). as　　 3). to see

6. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助﹑ 同情等的人

[典例]

1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?

2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。

[重点用法]

support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭　　　　　　　 support sb. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面支持某人　

support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人　　 in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物

support oneself 自力更生　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 give support to sb. 支持、支援某人

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). Will you support me _______ (介词) my campaign for election?

2). Jim was a great support _______ (介词) them when their father died.

3). 我求学期间由父母供养。

___________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1). in　 2). to　　 3). I was supported by my parents when I was studying.

5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论　 argument n.[c]争论；争辩；争吵

[典例]

1). Don’ t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。

2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。

[重点用法]

argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护

argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵　　　　　　　 argue that... 主张……

argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事　　 have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事　

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。

1). We ______ ______ ______ ______ (说服她加入) us.

2). We argued _______ the waiter _______ the price ______ the meal.

Keys: 1). argued her into joining　　 2). with; about; of

4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视　

[典例]

1). If you don’ t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢?

2). I have the greatest respect for you. 我非常尊敬您。　　　　　　　

[重点用法]

respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事

gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬　　　　　　 out of respect 出于尊敬

[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。

1). The new officer soon ________ (赢得) the respect of his men.

2). I ________ you ________ (因某事而尊敬) your honesty.

3). I have great respect _______ (介词) his ideas, although I don’ t agree with them.

Keys: 1). won/earned 　 2). respect; for　　 3). for

3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守　 observation n.[u] 观察；观测；监视

[典例]

1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。

2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。

[重点用法]

observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完)　 　　　　　　 observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事　 　　　

under observation 被监视

[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。

1). They were observed ______ (enter) the bank then.

2). Keynes _______ _______ (观察到) humans fall into two classes.

Keys: 1). entering　　　 　 2). observed that