1. come up走近;上来;提出
[典例]
1). The little by came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去,并告诉他去警察局的路。
2). We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.
我们不会忘记那天我们一块在泰山顶看日出。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
4). The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。
[短语归纳]
come across邂逅 come about发生
come at向…扑来,攻击 come from 来自
come out 出版;开花;结果是 come up with想出
come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下
[练习] 用come构成的词组填空。
1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
6. block vt. 堵塞;阻碍n. 街区;木块;石块
[典例]
1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块
block out 堵住
block off 封锁;封闭
block up 堵塞;阻碍
[练习] 中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
Ⅳ重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
5. straight adj.笔直的;正直的 adv. 直接;挺直
[典例]
1). This is a straight road. 这是一条直路。
2). She went straight from school to university. 她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。
[练习] 中译英
1).我的领带系得正不正?
2). 一直往前看。
答案: 1). Is my tie straight?
2). Look straight ahead.
4. recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认
[典例]
1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。
2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承认他为合法继承人。
[重点用法]
recognize…by sth 认出或识别某人/某事物
recognize…as sth 承认某人/某事物是
recognize…to be承认…是
[练习] 中译英
1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.
2). I recognized him as my friend’s brother.
3. request n.& v. 请求;要求
[典例]
1). Your requests will be granted. 你的请求能够获准。.
2). I requested him to help. 我请求他帮忙。
[重点用法]
at sb's request/at the request of sb应某人之请求
by request (of sb) 应(某人的)请求; 经(某人之)要求:
on request 一经要求: request sth (from/of sb)要求, (尤指)请求某人做某事:
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我是(特别)应你要求而来。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 请不要吸烟。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). I came at your (special) request.
2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.
2. command n.& v. 命令;指令;掌握
[典例]
1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名军官命令士兵们开火。
[重点用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事
be under the command of 由…指挥,由…控制
be in command of 控制…
be at one’s command 听任某人支配
have / take command of… 指挥…
[特别提醒]
command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气
[练习] 用适当的介词填空
1). For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2). The army is __________ the king’s direct command.
3). The police arrived and took command ________ the situation.
答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of
单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇 部分 |
词语 辨析 |
1.
voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour 2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular 3. especially/ specially 4. a number of / the number of |
|
词形 变化 |
1. actual
adj. 实际的 |
actually
adv. 实际上;事实上 |
|
2. base
n. 基地;基础 |
base v.
以……为根据 |
basic
adj. 基本的 |
|
3. east n. 东方 |
eastern adj. 东方的;东部的 |
|
|
重点 单词 |
1.
present n. 礼物adj. 在场的;目前的vt. 赠送 2. command n.& v. 命令;指令;掌握 3. request n.& v. 请求;要求 4. recognize vt. 辨认出;承认;公认 5. straight adj.笔直的;正直的 adv. 直接;挺直 6. block vt. 堵塞;阻碍n. 街区;木块;石块 |
||
重点 词组 |
1.
come up走近;上来;提出 2. make use of 利用;使用 3. such as例如;像这种的 4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色;参与 5. because of 因为;由于 |
||
重点句子 |
1. Why
do you think people all over the world want to learn English? 2. 状语从句中的省略 |
||
重点语法 |
直接引语和间接引语 (见语法部分) |
I词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1.
voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour |
[解释] voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行 journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行 travel: 一系列的旅程,尤指旅行的概念 trip: (短途)旅行 tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行 |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow. 2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months. 3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend. 4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle. 答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour |
2.
frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular |
[解释] frequent经常的,时间或间歇很短的发生或出现 common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的 ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的,有时含贬义 general一般性的,到处的;不限于领域、地区或应用 regular平常的;惯例的;习惯性的、通常的或正常的 [练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). This is a ___________ problem. 2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment. 3).Look at the train’s ___________ schedule. 4).The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse. 5).As a ____________ rule I am home by six. 答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general |
3. especially/ specially |
[解释] especially意思是“尤其,特别”,表达事物的不寻常或特别重要 specially 指为了某一目的,专门做某事 [练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Our city is very beautiful, ___________ in spring. 我们城市很美丽,尤其在春天。 2). He came here ___________ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的。 答案: 1). especially 2). specially |
4 a number of / the number of |
[解释] a number of意思是“若干;许多” the number of意思是“……的数目” |
[练习]用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Today ___________ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly. 2). ____________ books in the market are in English. 答案: 1). the number of 2). A number of |
II词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1.
actual adj. 实际的 |
actually
adv. 实际上;事实上 |
|
2. base
n. 基地;基础 |
base v.
以……为根据 |
basic
adj. 基本的 |
3. east n. 东方 |
eastern adj. 东方的;东部的 |
|
[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) What did he _________ say? (actual) 2) The __________ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual) 3)My knowledge of physics is pretty _________. (base) 4)She used her family's history as a _________ for her novel. (base) 5)This novel is ________ on historical facts. (base) 6)He is interested in ________ customs. (determine) 7) The wind is blowing from the __________. (determine) 答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base 5) based 6) eastern 7) east |
Ⅲ 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的;目前的vt. 赠送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。
2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。
3). Were you present when the decision was announced? 宣布那项决定时你在场吗?
4). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况,我建议你等等。
5). May I present my new assistant to you? 请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。
[重点用法]
make sb. a present of sth.将某物赠送给某人
at present/ at the present time目前
be present at出席
present-day attitudes/fashion现在的态度/流行款式
present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人
[练习] 中译英
1). 所有(那些)在场者一眼就看出那个错误。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present.
2). This book was a present from my brother.
2.适当安排一些实习作业,目的是让学生进一步巩固所学的知识,提高学生分析问题的解决实际问题的能力、动手操作的能力以及用数学语言表达实习过程和实习结果能力,增强学生应用数学的意识和数学实践能力。教师要注意对于学生实习作业的指导,包括对于实际测量问题的选择,及时纠正实际操作中的错误,解决测量中出现的一些问题。
1.要在本章的教学中,应该根据教学实际,启发学生不断提出问题,研究问题。在对于正弦定理和余弦定理的证明的探究过程中,应该因势利导,根据具体教学过程中学生思考问题的方向来启发学生得到自己对于定理的证明。如对于正弦定理,可以启发得到有应用向量方法的证明,对于余弦定理则可以启发得到三角方法和解析的方法。在应用两个定理解决有关的解三角形和测量问题的过程中,一个问题也常常有多种不同的解决方案,应该鼓励学生提出自己的解决办法,并对于不同的方法进行必要的分析和比较。对于一些常见的测量问题甚至可以鼓励学生设计应用的程序,得到在实际中可以直接应用的算法。
1.3实习作业(约1课时)
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