2.　I know that my future is not just a dream.

　我知道我的未来不是梦。

1.　Money doesn't grow on trees.

　钱不是从天上掉下来的。

4．避免重复与避免中式英语

　避免重复这条原则对中国学生还有一层特殊的意义。受汉语表达习惯的影响，中国学生用英语表达思想时，常常不自觉地加上不必要的修饰语。这些修饰语虽然在汉语中也是重复(如毫无根据的捏造)，但是它们显得自然，符合汉语的表达习惯。可是，如果把这些修饰语也译成英语，效果就适得其反了，既累赘，又有失表达的准确。

　例如：汉语中，我们可以说，“请给我们多提宝贵意见”，但是用英语表达时就不必说Please gives us your valuable opinions．别人能提出意见、建议，我们肯定应该认为是宝贵的，再用valuable一词就是多余的，正确的说法应是Your opinions will be appreciated．还有一个典型的例子，在表达“他的病情好多了”这一汉语句子时，中国学生往往说成His sick condition is much better．实际上，condition本身就表示“疾病”(sickness，illness)，所以句中的sick也是一种无意义的重复，地道的表达方法是His condition is much better．或者可以更简单地说He is much better．

　此外，在用英语表达汉语中的“吃饭”、“读书”、“唱歌”、“付钱”、“换车”这些动宾结构的概念时，中国学生往往把宾语表达出来，而实际上，英语的有些动词本身已经含有宾语所表示的意思，不言自明，一般是可以省略的，加上宾语则有可能形成画蛇添足，说出中国式的英语。现举例如下：

　Have you heard(any news) from your daughter recently?

　近来你得到你女儿的消息了吗?

　"to hear from somebody" 就含有“听到某人的消息”，“接到某人来信”的意思。

　Write(letters)to me often．

　经常给我写信。

　Dick was mad about books．He made notes while he read．(＝while he read books)

　迪克特别爱读书，他读书时总是作笔记。

　It's through train, you don't have to change anywhere．(＝you don't have to change trains anywhere)

　这是一超支达车，你不需要在任何地方换车。

　He paid(money) to see the show．

　他花了钱去看演出。

　以上各例中，动词的宾语是不言而喻的。如果不是特别需要强调，宾语可以省略。不省略，虽然符合语法规则，也不构成理解错误，但是在表达方式上与标准的英语习惯用法不符，影响语言的地道性。

　避免重复这一原则在书面英语中体现比较严格，相对来说，口语中则具有较大的灵活性

高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇

　　 近几年的高考《考试说明》中,关于高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档(很好)中有这样一段话:"应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。"这就是说,学生仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型,不能体现出较强的语言运用能力,即使表达无语法错误,也不能得高分;相反有些错误,目的在有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇,也不扣分,仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度,有利于反映学生的水平层次,有利于指导教学。原来"要点完整,语言无误,行文连贯,表达清楚"的标准就落后了。　在平时的教学中,训练最多的,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型:①主语+谓语;②主语+谓语+宾语;③主语+谓语+间接宾语;④主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;⑤主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?本文拟就这一课题进行讨论,希望能给学生以启迪,调动积极性,开拓思维,培养创新精神。　首先,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色。　一、改变时态　例:The bell is ringing now.(一般)　There goes the bell! (高级)　二、改变语态　例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般)　It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级)　三、使用不定式　例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般)　He is so kind as to help me.(高级)　四、使用过去分词　例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般)　Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级)　②Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般)　Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级)　五、使用V-ing形式　例:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般)　On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级)　②If the weather permits, I'll come tomorrow.(一般)　I'll come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级)　六、使用名词性从句　例:①It disappointed everybody that he didn't turn up.(一般)　The fact that he didn't turn up disappointed everybody.(高级)　②I happened to have met him.(一般)　It happened that I had met him.(高级)　③To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般)　What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高级)　七、使用定语从句　例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般)　The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级)　八、使用状语从句　例:①I won't believe what he says.(一般)　No matter what he says, I won't believe.(高级)　②If you come back before six o'clock, you can go out.(一般)　You can go out on condition that(provided that) you come back before six o'clock.(高级)　③If she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(一般)　Supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do?(高级)　九、使用虚拟语气 　

高考英语作文的一些实用技巧

(一)掌握技巧：(1)注意篇章结构，合理布局开始部分(opening paragraph)--说出文中的要点、核心问题。正文部分(Body paragraphs)--围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。结尾部分(concluding paragraphs)--对全文的总结和概括。要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，去除与主题无关的内容。

(2)确定主题句主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。写主题句应注意以下几点：①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点②提炼出一句具有概括性的话③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者

(二)巧用连接词要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词表示罗列增加First, second, third, First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing … for another…, On (the) one hand…on the other hand, Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also, Especially / In particular表示时间顺序now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately,　 soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during表示解释说明now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually表示转折关系but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all表示并列关系or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor表示因果关系because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that表示条件关系as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless表示让步关系though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)表示举例for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example表示比较be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as表示目的for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to表示强调in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all表示概括归纳in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion

(三)掌握常用句型：1. in order to为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。He worked very hard in order to realize his dream.2. in order that她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock.3. so…that他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.4. such…that天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有。It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.5. would rather do…than do他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。He would rather listen to others than talk himself.6. prefer doing to doing他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.7. prefer to do…rather than do比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.8. not only…but also在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.9. either…or如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.10. Neither…nor他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.11. as well as他善良又乐于助人。He was kind as well as helpful.12. …as well这个小孩活泼又可爱。The child is active and funny as well.13. One…the other你看见桌子上有两只笔吗？一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.14. Some…others每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.15. make…+adj. /n.我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。What we do will make the world more beautiful.16. not…until直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相。I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.17. as if他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。He talks a lot as if he knows everything.18. It is no use (good) doing…假装不懂规则是行不通的。It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.19. find it + adj. to do…我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.20. It is + time since…我已经有两年没见他了。It is two years since I last met him.21. It is + time when…我到电影院时已经八点钟了。It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.22. It is + time before…不久我们就会再见面的。I won’t be long before we can meet again.23. It is…that…我最珍视的是友谊。It is friendship that I value most.24. It is + n / adj. + that / to do…每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.

英语中18大激励人心的豪情壮语

3．用省略手段回避重复

　省略的主要功能就是避免重复，并能突出新的信息。省略是英语的一种习惯用法，它能节省词语，使语句结构显得紧凑。

　1)省略名

　He spoke for the first motion and against the second．(the second＝the second motion)

　他赞成第一个提议，反对第二个提议。

　They are fine actors．Smith is the finest I've ever seen．

　他们是优秀的演员，但史密斯是我见过的最好的演员。

　有时，名词的省略出现在相同的名词之前。

　Cut off the first and last parts of the play，and leave then middle．

　(the first＝the first part of the play)

　把这个剧本的首尾两部分删去，只留下中间部分。

　2)省略动词

　谈到动词的省略，典型的例子应首推培根关于读书的那段名言。

　Some books are to be tasted，others(are)to be swallowed，and some few (are) to be chewed and digested．

　书有可浅尝者，有可尽食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。

　Jack needn't stay here，but George must．(＝but George must stay here)

　杰克不必留下了，可是乔治必须留下来。

　John won the first race and Jim(won) the second.

　约翰胜了第一场比赛，吉姆胜了第二场。

　3)省略形容词

　相比较而言，英语中省略形容词来避免重复的情形，不如其他词类多。

　Robert seemed angry，and George certainly was(angry)．

　罗伯特似乎生气了，而乔治肯定是生气了。

　4)省略从句

　I did not notice it till too late．(＝till it was too late)

　等我注意到这事时，已经晚了。

　l must get it done what ever the cost．(＝what ever the cost may be)

　无论代价如何，我也要把这事办成。

　He gave the same answer as before．(＝as he has given before)

　他的回答和从前一样。

　为了回避词语的重复，人们通常采用以上这3种省略手段。省略手段看似容易，因为有些内容可以略去不表，其实不然，能够做到正确地省略，说明一个人句子的运用能力已经达到纯熟的地步。有运用得当的省略句更能显示出学习者英语的规范性、地道性。避免重复是英语句子表达的一条原则。但是从词类的角度看，重复的多是名词、动词和形容词这些实词，而词义较抽象的代词、介词、助动词等虚词则不怕重复。这样看来，英语句子是“避实就虚”，而虚词的重复常常是为了避免实词的重复。

2．用同义词避免重复

　这里说的同义词是一个比较宽泛的概念。它包括范畴词、相近词(near-synonym)和派生词等。

　Then they went on with of the peak．The climb was an extremely difficult one．

　然后他们继续向顶峰攀登，这是一次极难的攀登。

　这是一个很典型的例子。如果第一次用来表达概念的词不太常见，不太通俗易懂，那么第二次需要重提此概念时，作者往往用一个简单的字眼。如：第二句就用了同义词climb来替代ascent这个较冷僻的词，既避免了重复，又解释了了ascent的意义。

　The monkey's extraordinary performance was learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine，the animal had learned to drive single-handed．

　这只猴子最出色的表演是学开拖拉机。到9岁时，它已学会独自驾驶拖拉机了。

　在第二句仍要提及monkey和tractor，为了回避重复，作者用了animal和vehicle这两个范畴词来替代。范畴词虽然意义宽泛，不太确切，但是在特定的上下文中一般不会引起误解，而且行文也显得更加活泼了。

1．使用代词回避重复

　这是最普通，也是常见的一种方法。

　Can you mend this table? I broke it yesterday．

　你会修理这张桌子吗?昨天我把它弄坏了。

　When the entered，each was given a small present．

　孩子们进来时，每人都得到一份小礼物。

57. If I were given a choice between ______________ and ______________, I would certainly prefer ______________. For me, ______________.

常用的形容词和副词：

absurd 荒唐的 addictive 上瘾的 affectionate 有感情的 aggressive 有上进心的 alert 敏锐的；警惕的 arduous 费劲的 artistic 艺术的 authoritative 权威性的 awkward 尴尬的 balanced 平衡的 cogent 使人信服的 cold-blooded 冷血的 cold-hearted 无情的 compassionate 富有同情心的 compatible 兼容的 complicated 复杂的 confident 自信的 contemptible 可鄙的 contributive 有贡献的 corrupt 腐败的 delicious 美味可口的 demanding 要求高的 detrimental 有害的 devious 偏离正道的 dishonorable 不光彩的 disturbed 受到干扰的 eccentric 古怪的 economical 经济的 enlightened 开明的；文明的 evil 邪恶的 exotic 异国的 fallacious 荒谬的 fashionable 时髦的 feasible 可行的 fictitious 虚假的 flexile 灵活多样的 fruitful 有成效的 glamorous 富有魅力的 gorgeous 辉煌的 humane 人道的 ignorant (of) 无视的；无知的 impressive 令人印象深刻的 inborn 天生的 incompatible 不调和的 incompatible 不和适宜的 inconceivable 不可思议的 indecent 不妥的；不检点的 indifferent 冷漠的 indispensable 不可或缺的 inexhaustible 取之不尽的 infectious 传染性的 inferior 低人一等的 infirm (身体)弱的 influential 有影响力的 ingrain 根深蒂固的 inhumane 不人道的 initially 首先 innocent 多管闲事的 inquisitive 有害无益 insalubrious 有教育意义的 instructive 智力的 intellectual 中间的；过渡的 interim 人际关系的 interpersonal 密切的 intimate 不可侵犯的 inviolable 内在的 inward 不可挽回的 irreparable 不可抵抗的 irresistible 不可挽回的 irritating 恼人的 isolated (from) 隔绝的 laudable 可赞誉的 lavishly 大方的 legitimate 合法的 loyal 忠诚的 luxurious 奢侈的 magnanimous 宽宏大量的 mature 成熟的 misleading 误导的 misrepresented 不如实叙述的 money-oriented 向钱看的 multilateral 对方面的 nourished 有营养的 obscure 晦涩的 old-fashioned/out of date 过时的 palatable 美味的 perilous 危险的 permissive 宽容的；许可的 pernicious 有害无益的 pornographic 色情的 potential 潜在的 practical 实际的；务实的 preferential 优惠的 pressing 紧迫的 prevailing 占主导地位的；流行的 professional 专业的 prosperous 繁荣昌盛的 prudent 明智的 psychological 心理上 rational 理性的 resentful 愤怒的 reverse 相反的 rewarding 值得的 ridiculous 荒谬的 rigid 严格的 rough 粗略的 self-contemptuous 自卑的 shabby 破旧不堪的 sheltered 受保护的 sociable 好交际的 sole 唯一的 stern/strict 严格的 stressful 有压力的 stringent 严厉的 stylish 时髦的 superficial 表面现象的 tempting 吸引人的 time-honored 久享盛名的 traditional 传统的 typical 典型的 unadvised 轻率的 uncompromising 不妥协的 unconcerned 冷漠的 uneasy 不自在的 unethical 不道德的 unfeeling 冷漠的 unhealthy 不健康的 unified 同一标准的 unique 独特的 unjust 不公平的 unscrupulous 肆无忌惮的 unsociable 不善于社交的 untimely 不和适宜的 unwholesome 不健康的 utterly 完全；绝对地 vexing 令人烦恼的 vivid 形象的 voluntary 自愿的 vulnerable 易受伤害的 well-grounded 有充足理由的 wholesome 健康的 　 雅思写作常用单词----常用的名词 常用的名词： abolishment 废除 absurdity 荒唐；谬论 abuse 滥用 achievement 成绩 acquaintance 熟人 adaptation 改写；适应 admiration 崇拜 adventurer/explorer 探险者 adverse impact 负面影响 adversity 逆境 affection 友情/感情 alienation 疏远 ambition 志向 amusement 娱乐 anecdote 轶事 apathy 冷漠无情 approach 鼓掌 architecture 建筑 art 艺术 assault 攻击 assessment 评估 association 联想；联系 athlete 运动员 availability 可得到的东西 barrier 妨碍 behavior 行为 beneficiary 受益人 budget 预算 burden 负担 campaign 运动 candidate 候选人 capacity 能力 celebrity 名人 character 性格 characteristic 特征 charm 魅力 clerk 职员 cohesion 凝聚力 colleague 同事 collectivism 集体主义 comfort 舒适 commercial 商业广告 commercialization 商业化 commodity 商品 companion/partner 同伴 conformity 一致 consensus 同意 consultation 咨询 consumption 消费 content 内容 contentment 满意；满足 contribution 贡献 correlation 相关性 costume 服装 creativity 创造性 criteria 条件 cruelty 残忍 customer 顾客 cyber crime 网络犯罪 depression 沮丧；低沉 deprivation 剥夺 descendant 后代 deterioration 恶化 detour 绕道 developed countries 发达国家 developing countries 发展中国家 digestion 消化吸收 dignity 尊严 discipline 纪律 discomfort 不舒服 discontent 不满足 discrimination 歧视；区别 disgust 反感 disorder 无序状态 disorientation 迷失方向感 disposition 性格 distraction 干扰 diversity 多样化；多样性 domain 领域 duplication 重复(建设) duration economy 耐用 employee 雇员 employer 雇主 endeavor 努力做 enjoyment 享受 enthusiasm 热情；狂热 equality 平等 evaluation 评价 exception 例外 exhibition 展览 exploration 探险 export 出口 favor 喜好 feature 特点 fidelity 忠实 flexibility 灵活性 forefather/ancestors 祖先 freedom 自由 frustration 挫折 gallery 美术馆 garment 服装 goodwill 善意 grace 雅致 graduate 毕业生 guardian 监护人 halt 停止；终止 hardship 艰难险阻 heritage 遗产 horizon 地平线 hostility 敌对 humanity 人性 idol 偶像 immunity 免疫力 import 进口 indication 迹象 indictment 控告 indifference 不关心 individuality 个性化 industry 工业；行业 inequality 不平等 infrastructure 基础设施 ingenuity 独创性 initiative 主动性 instruction 教导 instructor 教师 integrity 诚实 intellectual 知识分子 intelligence 智能 interaction 交际 interference 干涉 interpretation 解释 intolerance 不宽容 intrusiveness 干涉 involvement 参与 jealousy 妒忌 jogging 慢跑 joint effort 共同努力 journalist/correspondent 记者 joy/delight 欢乐 lack 缺乏 landmark 标志性建筑；里程碑 license 执照 life expectancy/life span 寿命 literacy 读写能力 manufacturer 制造商 match 匹配 measure 测量；评估 millennium 千年 minority 少数人 misconduct 行为不端 morality 道德 motion 抗议 muscle 肌肉 myopia 近视 nationality 民族；国籍 norm 准则 notion 观念；想法 obligation 义务 obstacle 障碍物 occupation 职业 opponent 对手 originality 独创性 outcome 产物 outlook 观点；景色 participation 参与 pastime 消遣 peer 同龄人 penalty 刑罚；处罚 perseverance 坚定不移 personality 性格 perspective 看法 popularity 普及；流行 popularization 普及 practice 做法 precaution 防范 prerogative 特权 principle 原则 profession/occupation 职业 proficiency 精通 promotion 提升 prospect 前景 prosperity 繁荣 protocol 协议 prudence 慎重 public opinion 舆论 punishment 惩罚 purity 纯洁性 rebellion 反叛 recovery 恢复 regression 衰退 regulator 监控者 reliability 可心度 remedy/therapy 疗法 remote education 远程教育 revelation 揭示/表现 revenue 总收入 reward 奖赏；报酬 rumor/gossip 谣言；传闻 satisfaction 满足 self-discipline 自律 self-respect/self-esteem 自尊心 shortcoming 缺点 side-effect 副作用 signal 信号 skyscraper 摩天大楼 sociologist 社会学家 soul 灵魂 specialty 专业 spelling 拼写 status 地位 stereotype 成见 straightforwardness 直率 strain 压力；过度劳累 strategy 策略 strength 实力 stress 压力 substance 物质 supplement 补充 sympathy 同情 symptom 症状 talent 人才 teenager 青少年 temper 性情；烦躁 temptation 诱惑 threshold 开端 tip 提示；技巧 tolerance 宽容 tragedy 悲剧 trait 特点 trap 陷阱 triviality 琐事 troublemaker 捣乱者 tutor 导师 uniformity 一致 vanity 虚荣心 variety 多样性；种类 verdict 判决 vexation 烦恼 victim 受害者 vitality/vigor/energy/vim 活力；精力 void 空虚 warmth 温暖 weakness 缺点 withdrawal 退出；撤退 zeal 热情 　 雅思写作常用单词----常用的动词 常用的动词： abide by/obey/observe 遵守 abolish 废除 abuse 虐待；滥用 accommodate 供给；调节 acquire 获取 adore 崇拜；爱慕 allocate 分配 alter 改变 appeal to/attract 吸引 approach 对待；处理 approve of 赞成 arise 出现 arouse 激发 assume 承担(责任) attach 赋予；粘上 attain/obtain/acquire 获取；得到 attend 参加；就读 ban 禁止 blossom 兴旺发达 boom 繁荣 bring sb./sth. into full play 充分调动……的积极性 censor 审查 characterize 以……为特色 charge 收费 cherish 珍视 claim 宣称 coexist 共存 coincide with 与……相符 collect 收集 commute 来回往返于 condemn 谴责 consult 咨询 contaminate 污染 contribute to 贡献 crack down on 打击 cultivate 培养 defy 不服从；藐视 degenerate 退化 degrade 使降级 depreciate 贬值 deprive (of) 剥夺 desert 抛弃 detect 侦查 deter 阻止 deteriorate 恶化 determine 决定 disclose 揭露 discourage 使气馁 diversify 使多样化 divert 使分心 dominate 占优势 drop out 退学；放弃 eliminate 消除 endanger 危害 enlighten 启发 enrich 丰富 entertain 招待；娱乐 evaluate 评价 evolve 演变 exaggerate 夸张 exert 施加(压力) expel 排除；开除 explore 探究 expose 揭露 give full play to 充分发挥 guarantee 保证；担保 hamper 妨碍；牵制 hinder/impede/block/hamper 阻碍 idealize 理想化 identify 辨认 ignore 无视；不理睬 imitate 模仿 impair 危害；伤害 impose/confine/place restrictions on/restrict/limit 限制 incur 招致；引发 inflict 使……承受 inherit 继承 innovate 改革创新 invent money in 投资 install/set up/erect/fix/mount 安装 lavish 浪费 maltreat 虐待 maximize 最大化 minimize 使最小化 mould/build 塑造 neglect 忽视 oblige 强迫 observe/follow 遵从 overcome 克服(困难) participate 参与 perform 履行；表演 please 取悦 preserve 保留；保护 prohibit 禁止 publicize 宣传 pursue 追求 quit 放弃 quote 引用 refine 精炼 reflect 反映 reform 改革 refresh 使恢复 regulate 管制；调控 rehabilitate 改造 reject 剔除 relax 修养 release 释放 render 给予 represent 代表 resort to 速诸于；采取 restore 重建；恢复 restrain 约束 retain 保留 roam 闲逛 sacrifice 牺牲 shirk 回避 shun 回避 signify 表示；意味 spoil/indulge 宠坏；溺爱 spread 传播 steer 驶向；掌舵 stick to 坚持 stimulate 刺激 stipulate/set 规定 substitute 代替 supervise 监督 control 控制 surpass 超过 survive 生存 threaten 威胁 tolerate 忍受 treasure 珍视 trigger 引发 underestimate 低估 undermine 危害 unload 摆脱负担 vanish 消失 wither 退化；萎缩 wreck 摧毁 　 常用的名言和谚语 Virtue and a trade are the best portion for children. 德行和一门技能是孩子最好的遗产。 Better early than late. 宁早勿迟。 A man can do no more than he can. 量力而行。 Honesty and diligence should be your eternal mates. 诚实和勤奋应成为你永远的伴侣。 Early birds catch worms. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。 Every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊。 Every man has his hobby-horse. 人各有所好。 Every man has his his taste. 人各有所好。 Every one is born equal. 人人生而平等。 Every rose has its thorn. 每朵玫瑰都有刺。 Good things stay indoors while bad things will go far away. 好事不出门，坏事传千里。 Gossip is a fearing thing. 人言可畏。 He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 It is never too late to learn. 学习永远不嫌晚。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 Health is better than wealth. 健康胜于财富。 A contented mind is a perpetual feast. 知足长乐。 a friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 Every advantage has its disadvantages. 有利必有弊。 Every little makes a nickel. 积少成多。 Self-trust is the first secret of success. 自信是成功的第一秘诀。 Example is better than precept. 言传不如身教。 No pains , no gains. 不劳无获。 Throw the baby out with the bath water. 把洗澡水连同婴儿一起倒掉。 One man's meat is another man 's poison. 百人有百好。 If the old dog barks, he gives counsel. 不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。 Parents are the first teachers of the children. 父母是孩子的第一任老师。 Different strokes for different folks. 各有所好。 An old man is treasure of a family. 家有老人便是宝。 You live with a lame, you will learn a limp. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 He that lives with cripples learns to limp. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 It is good to learn at another man's cost. 前车之鉴。 The devil knows many things because he is old. 人老监视广。 All bread is not baked in one oven. 人与人不同，花有几样红/不能强求一致。 任何事情都有利有弊。 Forgetting history means betrayal. 忘记历史意味着背叛。 Strictness helps, indulgence spoils. 严是爱；松是害。 Father is one hundred headmasters. 一个父亲胜过百个老师。 All work without play makes jack a dull boy. 只干活不玩耍，聪明的孩子会变傻。 Never put off until tomorrow what can be done today. 今天的事情今天干。 If you want to understand today, you have to research yesterday. 要想懂的得今天，就必须研究昨天。 Each man has his limitation. 人各有极限。 They that live longest see most. 人越老，越有智慧。 Think thrice before we leap. 三思而后行。 Too much liberty spoils all. 自由过了头，一切乱了套。 A wise man and a fool together know more than a wise man. 三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。 The older, the wiser. 年岁增长，智慧增长。 The onlooker sees the game best. 旁观者清。 The spectator sees most clearly. 旁观者清。 Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。 Years bring wisdom. 年岁增长智慧。 A friend is easier lost than found. 朋友易失不易得。 Time waits for no man. 时不待人。 Look before you leap. 三思而后行。 Every man has his liking. 人各有所好。 Variety is the spice of life. 多样化是生活的调味品。 It is a two-edged sword. 它是双刃剑。 Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。 Life is irreversible. 生命只有一次。 More gain for more pay. 多劳多得。 No garden without weeds. 没有花园无杂草。 No sweet without sweat. 苦尽甘来。

引用名人名言及谚语时，可使用如下句型： Just as the saying goers: “No garden is without weeds”, computer games have also some disadvantages. 正像常言所说:“没有无杂草的花园”，计算机也有一些不足之处。 As the proverb goes: “Every coin has its two sides”, television has both advantages and disadvantages. 正像谚语所说：“任何硬币都有两面”，电视既有优点也有缺点。

英文写作中怎样避免用词的重复？在英语的文章中，我们可以看到，除了表示强调或为了避免意义的含糊外，同一个词或短语很少在同一个句子中连续使用，有时，在一个句群或段落中也避免重复使用相同的词。避免词汇重复是英语句子的又一特点。这一特点最明显的标志是，英语代词的使用频率远远高于汉语。英语主要是通过使用代词、同义词、近义词和省略等手段来避免重复。

56. As regards me, I tend to pick ______________, for ______________. What’s more, ______________.

55. For me, ______________ is a glory and it is the most important thing I have to take into feasible consideration.

54. As far as I am concerned, I trust the advantages mentioned above exceed the disadvantages.