7. 独立主格结构的用法. 8. 如何使用分词短语化简复合句.
5. have sb. (sth.) do (doing , done )的使用区别. 6. make ab. doing sth. 怎么回事?
3. 如何使用分词作定语,状语,宾补. 4. 现在分词作表语与过去分词作表语的区别.
2. 不是任何动词都可以用于过去分词.(只有及物动词才可以用作过去分词.)
1. 分词的基本特征
A) 现在分词 主动的,表进行的,表特征的;
B) 过去分词 被动的,表完成的,表状态的.
call sb. 叫(喊)某人, 给某人打电话
call sb. + 名词 sb. + adj. 说...是..., 认为...
call attention to 引起对...的注意 call away 叫走了
call back 回电话;叫回去 call for 要求、号召、约请
call in 招集、招来,找来;请来;收回 call names 骂(人)
call on (upon) sb. = call at sb’s house ... 拜望,去会(某人)
call on (upon) sb. to do sth. 叫(请)某人作某事;号召;要求;呼吁
call at ( a place ) 访问(某地) call on 拜访、访问
call out to sb. = shout at sb. 向某人吼(叫喊) call up 给某人打电话; 叫...起床
n. pay (make) a call on sb. 访问某人 =pay a visit to sb.
give sb. a call = male a calltosb. 给...打电话 on call 随叫随到, 随时可用
B. 短语记忆:
service to 服务,贡献 skill at 技巧,熟练 solution to ...的解决办法
sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛 sympathy for 对...的同情 sympathy with 对...的赞同
taste for 对...的爱好,喜爱 taste in 对...的审美能力 trust in 对...的信赖,信任
wish for 欲望,愿望 hungry for 渴望 invisible to 不可见的
C. 记住下列动词并写出它们的汉语意思:
respect vt. respond vi. rest v. restore vt.
result vi. retire vi. return v. review vt.
ride v. ring v. rise vi. rob vt.
roll v. rule vt. run v. rush v.
Fish sleep when their eyes are open. = Fish sleep , with their eyes open.
The teacher felt sad because so many pupils had gone away.
= with so many pupils away, the teacher felt sad.
The mayor of New York stood and he had a hat on his head.
= The mayor of New York stood , with a hat on his head.
10. 省略不定式符号的几种情况: A) 感官动词,使役动词后的宾补中. B)help后作宾语或宾补中.
C) had better , would rather, would sooner, rather than 后.
D) but, except 位于do + anything(nothing, everything)后.
E) 由and , or 连接两个不定式,第二个不定式前可省略.
9. 是不是凡是too… to… 结构都能译成“太...而不能...”?
8. … too… to… 与 … enough to do sth. 的转换问题.
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