2. 句型would do --- rather than do ---也可写成would rather do --- than do “宁愿做---而不愿做---”

e.g. He would rather listen to others than talk himself .可换为：

　 He would listen to others rather than talk himself .

　 　他宁愿听别人谈而不愿自己说。

He would deal with a man rather than with a woman .可换为：

He would rather deal with a man than with a woman .

他愿意和男人打交道而不愿意和女人打交道。

1. rather than可连接两个并列成份，表示“---而不是---”rather than

e.g. The colour seems green rather than blue .

　 　这颜色似乎是绿色而不是蓝色。

It was what he meat rather than what he said .

这是他的意愿而不是他的原话。

3.　　　 will 名词，意思是“意志、意愿”

e.g. She shows great strength of will .

　 　她显示出了坚强的意志力。

Where there is a will ,there is a way .

有志者，事竞成。

　[点拨] 有关rather than 的用法：

2.　　　 will 助动词，表示对未来事物的预料，还可表意愿等；

e.g. You will be in time if you hurry .

　 　如果你抓紧，你会准时到。

He will start school soon , won’t he ?

他不久就上学了，是吗？

He’ll take you home---you only have to ask .

他愿意带你回家，你只要请求一下。

1.　　　 willing　 adj. 相当于 ready or eager to help 意思是“愿意”

e.g. Are you willing to accept responsibility ?

　 　你愿意承担责任吗？

3.drop 相关短语

drop in on sb. (= call on sb .)　　　　 拜访某人

drop in at a place (= call at a place )　　 访问/参观某地

　[点拨]：unwilling　 形容词“不愿意的”“不情愿的”　 反义词是willing

2.drop 动词“降落、落下”“指人或动物筋疲力尽地倒下”“降低、减少”

e.g. The bottle dropped and broken .

　 　瓶子落下来，摔碎了。

The climmer slipped and dropped to death .

登山者滑了下来，摔死了。

His voice dropped to whisper .

他的声音降到了耳语的程度。

3.　　　 begin with　 “从---开始”相当于 “start with ---”

相反的短语是 “end with ---”“以-结束”

　e.g. The English alphabet begins with “A” and ends with “Z”.

　　 　“Alphabet”这个英语单词是以“A”开始以“Z”结束。

[点拨]：play a role (in---) 相当于play a part (in---) “在---中起作用”或者译为“在---中扮演角色”

[点拨]：attach to 意思是：“把---固定”“把---附在---上”

e.g. I attach a copy of my notes to the newspaper for your information .

我在报纸上附了一份笔记让你参考。

attach importance (value, weight etc.) to sth. 固定短语　 意思是“认为---有重要性(价值，分量等)”

e.g. I attach great importance to this research .

　 　　我认为这项研究十分重要。

[点拨]：sceptical “怀疑的”注意短语 be sceptical of /about 意思是“怀疑---”“对---表示怀疑”　　　

e.g. I am sceptical about his chances of winning .

　 　　我怀疑他取胜的可能性。

The public remain sceptical of this claims .

公众对这一说法仍持怀疑态度。

[点拨]： do start school　 短句中，do 是助动词，表示强调，无任何意义，要重读。

e.g. She did know the truth of the theft .

　 　她的确知道盗窃案的真相。

She dose go to the park to feed the ducks every day .

她确实每天下午到公园去喂鸭子。

[点拨]：tendency　 名词“倾向”“趋势”

tend　　　 动词“倾向”“趋势”

tend　 　　动词“照料、看护”

e.g. Prices continue to show an upward tendency .

　 　物价继续显示出向上的趋势。

I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter .

在冬季我常常早睡觉。

There are nurses tending the injured .

有护士照料这些伤员。

[点拨]：absent 形容词“不在现场的”“不存在的”“无”

absence 名词

e.g. He is absent from school very often .

　 　　他经常旷课。

Love was totally absent from his childhood .

他的童年时代完全缺少爱。

In the absence of the manager ,I’ll be in charge .

经理不在，我来负责。

[点拨]：1.drop out of 这一短语的意思是“退出”“辍学”

e.g. Since his last defeat ,he has dropped out of politics .

　　 　自从他上次失败了，他就退出了政治生活。

She got a scholarship to Combridge but dropped out a year later .

她获得了剑桥大学的学籍，但是一年后她辍学了。

2.　　　 at first 起初

　e.g. To begin with he had no money ,but later he became quite rich .

　 　　起初他没有钱，但是后来他变得很富有。

1.　　　 in the first place ; firstly.　 首先，第一

　e.g. I’m not going .To begin with I haven’t a ticket ,and secondly I didn’t like the play .

　 　　我不走。第一我没有票，第二我不喜欢这出戏。